羌塘盆地南坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩储层成因流体同位素地球化学示踪

doi:10.11743/ogg20200117

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 189-200.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200117

羌塘盆地南坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩储层成因流体同位素地球化学示踪

万友利^1,²(), 王剑^1,^3,*(), 付修根^1,², 王东^1,²

1. 自然资源部沉积盆地与油气资源重点实验室, 四川成都 610081
2. 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心沉积地质研究室, 四川成都 610081
3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2019-03-13 出版日期:2020-02-01 发布日期:2020-01-19
通讯作者: 王剑 E-mail:wanyouli@cdut.edu.cn;w1962jian@163.com
作者简介:万友利(1984-),男,博士,储层地质与储层地球化学。E-mail:wanyouli@cdut.edu.cn
基金资助:
中国地质调查局项目(DD20160159);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190116)

Geochemical tracing of isotopic fluid of dolomite reservoir in the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in southern depression of Qiangtang Basin

Youli Wan^1,²(), Jian Wang^1,^3,*(), Xiugen Fu^1,², Dong Wang^1,²

1. Key Laboratory for Sedimentary Basin and Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Natural Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
2. Sedimentary Geology Research, Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

Received:2019-03-13 Online:2020-02-01 Published:2020-01-19
Contact: Jian Wang E-mail:wanyouli@cdut.edu.cn;w1962jian@163.com
Supported by:
中国地质调查局项目(DD20160159);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190116)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在岩石学分类基础上，通过获取不同世代碳酸盐矿物的C，O和Sr同位素，对白云岩成因流体进行示踪，结果表明：①研究区布曲组白云岩经历了多期白云石化流体的叠加改造，保留先驱灰岩原始组构的白云岩和晶粒白云岩的成因流体为同期海水，C，O和Sr同位素组成具有对先驱灰岩具有一定的继承性；②随着埋藏深度的增加，白云石晶体结构逐渐变化，δ¹⁸O（PDB）值相应逐步负偏：微粉晶白云岩（-3.81‰）-细晶、自形白云岩（-4.34‰）-细晶、半自形白云岩（-6.10‰）-中-粗晶、它形白云岩（-7.36‰）；③鞍形白云石的成因流体为大气淡水深循环至深部地层，再流经下伏地层碎屑岩地层进入布曲组中，78~64 Ma的构造热时间提供热源；④细-中晶、自形白云石胶结物、白云岩晶间孔胶结的方解石，形成于浅埋藏末期，成因流体为埋藏的同期海水，裂缝中充填方解石脉发育在鞍形白云石之后，其成因流体主要为大气淡水，且与青藏高原隆升有关。多期次白云石化流体的叠加改造及大气淡水淋滤、溶蚀，影响布曲组白云岩储层的形成与分布，并制约着白云岩储层的质量。

关键词: 同位素地球化学, 成因流体, 白云岩储层, 布曲组, 羌塘盆地

Abstract:

This paper presents study on the properties and evolution of genetic fluids in the dolomite reservoir of the Buqu Formation in the southern depression of Qiangtang Basin. Petrological classification is performed on the dolomite and genetic fluids tracing is carried out through isotopic analysis of carbon, oxygen, and strontium (C, O, Sr) in carbonate minerals of various ages. The results show that:(1) the Buqu dolomite in the study area experienced multiple-stage superimposed modification by dolomitization fluids, the genetic fluids of dolomite and crystalline-grained dolomite with original structure of precursor limestone are contemporaneous seawater. The isotopic (C, O, Sr) composition has a certain inheritance to the precursor limestone. (2) With the increase of burial depth, the crystalline structure of dolomite changed gradually. The oxygen-isotope (δ¹⁸O_PDB) gradually became more negative:from micro-fine-crystalline dolomite (-3.81‰), to fine-crystalline and automorphic dolomite (-4.34‰), to fine-crystalline and hypautomorphic dolomite (-6.10‰), and to medium-to-coarse-crystalline and xenomorphic dolomite (-7.36‰). (3) Genetic fluids of saddle-shaped dolomite is meteoric water which flows through the underlying clastic formations into the Buqu Formation. The primary heat source was related to tectonic hydrothermal events and lasts 78-64 Ma. (4) Fine-to-medium-crystalline and automorphic dolomite cements, intercrystalline dolomite pore-filled calcites may have been developed at the end of shallow burial stage. The genetic fluid is contemporaneous seawater. The bright calcite veins are developed after the saddle-shaped dolomite, and its genetic fluid may be meteoric water related with the uplifting of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The superposition of multi-stage dolomitization fluids, meteoric water leaching and dissolution affected the formation and distribution of dolomite reservoirs in the Buqu Formation, and further controlled the quality of dolomite reservoirs herein.

Key words: isotopic geochemistry, genetic fluid, dolomite reservoir, Buqu Formation, Qiangtang Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

万友利,王剑,付修根,等. 羌塘盆地南坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩储层成因流体同位素地球化学示踪[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(1): 189-200. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200117 Youli Wan,Jian Wang,Xiugen Fu,et al. Geochemical tracing of isotopic fluid of dolomite reservoir in the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in southern depression of Qiangtang Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(1): 189-200. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200117

图/表 5

图1

图2

表1

羌塘盆地南坳陷QZ12井布曲组白云岩及充填物C，O和Sr同位素值"

样品编号	深度/m	岩石类型	δ¹³C(PDB)/‰	δ¹⁸O(PDB)/‰	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr
16D-13	75.22	泥晶灰岩	1.19	-8.25	0.707 765
16D-20	130.83	泥晶灰岩	1.96	-8.62	0.707 763
16D-21	131.46	亮晶砂屑灰岩	2.57	-7.47	0.707 850
16D-07	58.24	微粉晶白云岩	3.74	-4.22	0.707 747
16D-14	96.21	纹层状白云岩	3.42	-3.84	0.708 176
16D-25	198.13	微粉晶白云岩	4.23	-3.37	0.707 654
16D-06	57.31	细晶、自形白云石	4.11	-4.56	0.707 525
16D-15	100.63	细晶、自形白云石	3.64	-4.33	0.707 667
16D-17	102.02	细晶、自形白云石	3.18	-4.23	0.707 572
16D-22	143.12	细晶、自形白云石	3.33	-4.25	0.708 037
16D-23	151.71	细晶、自形白云石	3.83	-4.31	0.707 686
16D-02	26.57	细晶、半自形白云石	4.42	-5.87	0.707 432
16D-03	30.24	细晶、半自形白云石	4.18	-6.26	0.707 609
16D-05	43.43	细晶、半自形白云石	3.95	-6.23	0.707 990
16D-16	101.12	细晶、半自形白云石	3.28	-5.56	0.707 780
16D-24	190.37	细晶、半自形白云石	2.72	-6.57	0.707 593
16D-01	24.29	中-粗晶、它形白云石	3.24	-7.22	0.707 303
16D-04	43.43	中-粗晶、它形白云石	4.05	-7.65	0.707 884
16D-10	67.73	中-粗晶、它形白云石	3.92	-8.22	0.707 752
16D-12	72.73	中-粗晶、它形白云石	3.85	-6.56	0.707 234
16D-18	107.14	中-粗晶、它形白云石	4.14	-8.16	0.707 593
16D-27	581.62	中-粗晶、它形白云石	3.68	-6.37	0.707 865
16D-19	122.84	细-中晶、自形白云石胶结物	3.02	-5.31	0.708 147
16D-08	60.65	鞍形白云石胶结物	-0.09	-10.41	0.708 518
16D-09	60.64	鞍形白云石胶结物	3.38	-9.58	0.708 876
16D-11	69.33	鞍形白云石胶结物	1.27	-9.25	0.708 562
16D-26	580.95	鞍形白云石胶结物	1.86	-8.56	0.708 180
14QZ12-026	105.02	白云石晶间孔中充填的方解石	3.73	-5.38	0.708 128
14QZ12-001-1	232.16	裂缝第二期充填肉红色方解石脉	-1.15	-13.04
14QX12-001-2	232.16	裂缝充填第三期白色粗-巨晶方解石	-0.85	-11.97
14QZ12-005	219.76	裂缝充填第二期肉红色方解石脉	-1.35	-11.33
14QZ12-007	219.81	裂缝充填第一期白色方解石脉	0.57	-10.62
14QZ12-013	195.75	裂缝充填第三期白色粗-巨晶方解石	1.89	-10.45
14QZ12-029	75.32	裂缝充填第一期白色方解石脉	-1.18	-9.42
14QZ12-030	70.96	裂缝充填第一期白色方解石脉	1.64	-10.75

表1

图3

图4

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羌塘盆地南坳陷中侏罗统布曲组白云岩储层成因流体同位素地球化学示踪

Geochemical tracing of isotopic fluid of dolomite reservoir in the Middle Jurassic Buqu Formation in southern depression of Qiangtang Basin

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