基于CT成像的白云岩储层孔喉非均质性分析——以塔东古城地区奥陶系GC601井鹰三段为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20200418

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 862-873.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200418

基于CT成像的白云岩储层孔喉非均质性分析——以塔东古城地区奥陶系GC601井鹰三段为例

朱可丹¹(), 张友², 林彤³, 王雅春^1,*(), 郑兴平², 朱琳⁴

1. 东北石油大学地球科学学院, 黑龙江大庆 163318
2. 中国石油杭州地质研究院, 浙江杭州 310023
3. 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院, 黑龙江大庆 163712
4. 中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司第三采油厂, 黑龙江大庆 163113

收稿日期:2019-04-19 出版日期:2020-08-01 发布日期:2020-08-11
通讯作者: 王雅春 E-mail:redcloudszkd@163.com;dqpiwyc@163.com
第一作者简介:朱可丹(1991-),男,博士研究生,碳酸盐岩沉积储层。E-mail:redcloudszkd@163.com
基金项目:
国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05004-002);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41802159)

Pore-throat heterogeneity in dolomite reservoirs based on CT imaging: A case study of the 3rd member of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation in Well GC601 in Gucheng area, eastern Tarim Basin

Kedan Zhu¹(), You Zhang², Tong Lin³, Yachun Wang^1,*(), Xingping Zheng², Lin Zhu⁴

1. School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163318, China
2. Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, PetroChina, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, China
3. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., PetroChina, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163712, China
4. The 3 rd Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., PetroChina, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163113, China

Received:2019-04-19 Online:2020-08-01 Published:2020-08-11
Contact: Yachun Wang E-mail:redcloudszkd@163.com;dqpiwyc@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

白云岩储层的孔喉非均质性主要表现为孔喉结构及展布特征复杂，常规储层表征方法对其进行微观定量化表征存在很大难度。利用CT成像技术对塔东古城地区奥陶系（鹰山组）鹰三段的9个白云岩储层样品进行实验测试，建立了孔喉结构的三维网络模型，并在此基础上计算了孔喉半径、孔喉数量、总孔隙度、空间连通性等表征参数。实验结果表明，白云岩储层样品孔喉半径分布曲线呈现出明显差异。依据曲线形态特征，将其分为3类：①正常单主峰型；②喉道多峰、孔隙单主峰型；③喉道多峰、孔隙多峰型。结合岩心观察和铸体薄片鉴定，对该三类曲线形态的成因展开了分析，并建立了孔喉半径分布模式。综合分析认为，以晶间孔为主要孔隙类型的白云岩储层，孔喉半径曲线整体上呈现出较匀称的单主峰偏态分布特征，局部微裂缝的发育会造成喉道半径曲线上主峰旁较小的尖峰；若存在孔隙沿层理面等残余沉积构造定向富集的现象，则喉道半径曲线会呈现出明显的多峰形态；随着溶蚀作用增强、晶间溶孔的增多，孔喉半径分布曲线均会向多峰形态发展，表现出越来越强的非均质性。

关键词: CT成像技术, 孔喉半径分布模式, 孔喉非均质性表征, 白云岩储层, 鹰山组, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

The pore-throat heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs is mainly reflected by their complex structure and distribution that are difficult to sufficiently and quantitatively analyze with conventional reservoir characterization methods.In this study, nine samples from dolomite reservoirs in the 3rd member of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation (Ying 3 member), Gucheng area, eastern Tarim Basin, were CT scanned to establish a 3D network model for the pore-throats.Such reservoir parameters as pore-throat radius, pore and throat numbers, total porosity, spatial connectivity, and etc., were calculated based on the model.The results show obvious differences among the pore-throat radius distribution curves for the samples.These curves can then be grouped into three categories in terms of shape features, that is, Type Ⅰ, the normal unimodal curve; Type Ⅱ, the unimodal curve for pores and multi-modal curve for throats; and Type Ⅲ, the multi-modal curve for both pores and throats.The genesis of the curves was analyzed and pore-throat radius distribution patterns were set up based on core observation and casting thin section identification of the samples.In conclusion, the pore-throat radius distribution curves for dolomite reservoirs dominated by intra-crystalline pores are generally evenly skewed unimodal distribution, except for some tinny peaks beside the main summits caused by the development of local micro-fractures.The curves may show obvious multiple summits with pores converging along some residual sedimentary structures such as bedding surfaces.All the curves may show the multi-modal distribution with increasing numbers of inter-crystalline dissolved pores under stronger dissolution that indicates high heterogeneity of reservoirs.

Key words: CT imaging technology, pattern of pore-throat radius distribution, pore-throat heterogeneity characterization, dolomite reservoir, Yingshan Formation, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

朱可丹,张友,林彤,等. 基于CT成像的白云岩储层孔喉非均质性分析——以塔东古城地区奥陶系GC601井鹰三段为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4): 862-873. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200418 Kedan Zhu,You Zhang,Tong Lin,et al. Pore-throat heterogeneity in dolomite reservoirs based on CT imaging: A case study of the 3rd member of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation in Well GC601 in Gucheng area, eastern Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 862-873. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200418

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样品编号	柱塞直径/mm	岩性	孔隙类型	主要镜下结构特征
Ⅰ	25	浅灰色细-中晶白云岩	晶间孔和少量裂缝	白云石晶体半自形-自形,晶间孔多被渗流粉砂充填
Ⅱ	25	浅灰色细-中晶白云岩	晶间孔和裂缝	白云石晶体它形-半自形,残余颗粒结构,晶间孔边缘存在溶蚀现象,局部见微裂缝
Ⅲ	25	浅灰色中晶白云岩	晶间溶孔和裂缝	白云石晶体半自形-自形,残余颗粒结构,晶间孔边缘存在溶蚀现象,亮晶方解石充填孔洞
Ⅳ	25	灰色细晶白云岩	少量晶间孔	白云石晶体半自形-自形,晶间孔多被黑色泥质充填,残余颗粒结构
Ⅴ	25	浅灰色细-中晶白云岩	晶间孔和裂缝	白云石晶体它形-半自形,残余颗粒结构,较多晶间孔被黑色泥质充填
Ⅵ	25	岩溶浅灰色中晶白云岩	晶间孔和少量裂缝	白云石晶体半自形-自形,残余颗粒结构,晶间孔边缘存在溶蚀,部分晶间孔被黑色泥质充填
Ⅶ	25	浅灰色细晶白云岩	晶间孔和溶蚀孔洞	白云石晶体半自形-自形,残余颗粒结构,晶间孔多被黑色泥质充填,有溶蚀现象
Ⅷ	15	浅灰色中晶白云岩	晶间孔和溶蚀孔洞	白云石晶体半自形-自形,残余颗粒结构,晶间孔边缘存在溶蚀现象
Ⅸ	25	花斑状浅灰色中晶白云岩	晶间孔和少量裂缝	白云石晶体半自形-自形,自形程度有渐变趋势,晶间孔有溶蚀现象,残余颗粒结构

样品编号			Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	Ⅴ	Ⅵ	Ⅶ	Ⅷ	Ⅸ
样品	分辨率/μm		8	8	8	8	8	8	8	6	8
	定量计算区体积/ (10⁹ μm³)		226.98	262.14	314.43	250.04	226.98	287.50	274.63	456.53	287.50
	孔隙度/%		3.48	10.07	6.29	0.73	2.06	2.40	5.03	3.68	2.71
	连通体积百分比/%		36.33	99.61	99.87	79.18	44.08	24.05	79.05	51.40	30.62
孔隙	数量/个		14 707	14 391	9 530	3 461	7 644	5 927	3 595	1 221	6 506
	体积/(10⁶ μm³)		2 867	9 562	7 121	8 916	1 873	2 809	5 405	2 446	3 066
	半径/μm	平均	18.45	28.90	24.31	13.66	17.06	20.67	27.42	39.06	20.08
		最小	3.53	3.88	3.74	2.78	3.66	3.60	3.38	3.06	3.41
		最大	63.29	156.50	445.90	46.59	98.86	143.00	401.70	180.60	187.60
喉道	数量/个		20 060	18 020	14 193	552	4 696	2 897	4 390	1 215	4 357
	体积/(10⁶ μm³)		1 164.2	3 817.9	2 970.2	35.8	510.8	683.5	1 654.0	1 192.2	892.0
	半径/μm	平均	13.40	19.12	23.37	10.18	12.42	19.33	34.25	28.86	17.40
		最小	3.26	3.13	3.19	2.64	3.49	3.48	3.21	3.07	3.24
		最大	55.76	102.00	216.50	32.26	71.98	89.08	276.20	136.40	103.30

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基于CT成像的白云岩储层孔喉非均质性分析——以塔东古城地区奥陶系GC601井鹰三段为例

Pore-throat heterogeneity in dolomite reservoirs based on CT imaging: A case study of the 3rd member of the Ordovician Yingshan Formation in Well GC601 in Gucheng area, eastern Tarim Basin

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