渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷异常压力系统及其形成机理

doi:10.11743/ogg20180404

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 664-675.doi: 10.11743/ogg20180404

渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷异常压力系统及其形成机理

张磊^1,2,3, 向才富^1,2, 董月霞⁴, 张梦媛^1,2,5, 吕玥^1,2,6, 赵忠新⁴, 龙华山⁴, 陈爽^1,2

1. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点试验室, 北京 102249;
2. 中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249;
3. 中国地质大学(北京) 海相储层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083;
4. 中国石油冀东油田分公司, 河北唐山 063000;
5. 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院, 河北廊坊 065007;
6. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2017-03-14 修回日期:2018-04-02 出版日期:2018-08-28 发布日期:2018-07-23
通讯作者: 向才富(1975-),男、博士、副教授,石油与天然气地。E-mail:xcf@cup.edu.cn E-mail:xcf@cup.edu.cn
作者简介:张磊(1988-),男,博士研究生,石油与天然气地质。E-mail:geozhanglei@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（41572115，41272161）；国家科技重大专项（2011ZX05006-005，2011ZX05006-006）。

Abnormal pressure system and its origin in the Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin

Zhang Lei^1,2,3, Xiang Caifu^1,2, Dong Yuexia⁴, Zhang Mengyuan^1,2,5, Lyu Yue^1,2,6, Zhao Zhongxin⁴, Long Huashan⁴, Chen Shuang^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
4. Jidong Oilfield Company Ltd., Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China;
5. Langfang Branch, PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Langfang, Hebei 065007, China;
6. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2017-03-14 Revised:2018-04-02 Online:2018-08-28 Published:2018-07-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷异常压力现象普遍发育，但对于凹陷中不同构造带异常压力的刻画与成因机制的探讨却较为薄弱。利用357口井1 354个钻杆测试数据（DST）和重复地层压力测试数据（RFT），测井曲线资料等，详细刻画了不同构造带的压力结构特征。研究表明：南堡凹陷地层压力系统纵向上可划分为3个带，浅部常压带（<1 800 m）、中部过渡带（1 800~2 400 m）和深部异常高压带（>2 400 m）。沙三段发育大规模异常高压，压力系数最高达1.9，超压带顶界面深度约为2 400 m；老爷庙构造带中、浅层发育低幅度超压带，压力系数约为1.2；滩海地区东一段和东二段局部发育异常低压。利用数值模拟技术和垂直有效应力-声波时差判别图版等方法，并结合烃源岩生排烃过程综合分析等，深入探讨了南堡凹陷不同异常压力系统的形成机理，研究认为：①深部沙三段的大规模超压主要来源于东营时期的泥岩不均衡压实作用，生烃作用也有一定贡献，但相对前者贡献较小；②明化镇时期，生烃作用是最主要的增压机制，而欠压实作用贡献则相对有限；③中浅层低幅超压带来源于深部超压的“传导”，开启的断裂带为其传递通道；④东营末期的区域抬升剥蚀作用引起岩石骨架孔隙回弹和流体收缩，是形成本区异常低压的主要原因。

关键词: 不均衡压实, 生烃作用, 超压传导, 水热作用, 异常高压, 南堡凹陷, 渤海湾盆地

Abstract: Abnormal pressure in the Nanpu Sag is prevalent,but its distribution in varying tectonic zones and its genetic mechanisms are rarely studied.So we depicted the architectural features of the pressure for varying tectonic zones in detail based on the data from 1 354 drill stem tests(DST),repeated formation pressure tests(RFT),and the well logging curves of 357 wells.The results show that vertically,the formation pressure system can be classified into three zones in the Nanpu sag,namely,the upper normal pressure zone(with burial depth less than 1 800 m),the middle transitional zone(with burial depth ranging from 1800m to 2 400 m),and the lower abnormal high pressure zone(with burial depth more than 2 400 m).Large part of the Shahejie Member 3 is controlled by significant abnormal overpressure with pressure coefficient up to 1.9,and the depth from ground to the top of the overpressure zone is about 2 400 m.The middle and upper layers of the Laoyemiao Formation overpressure is less intense with pressure coefficient about 1.2.However,the Dongying Member 1 and 2 offshore,develops abnormal low pressure in some area.In order to further discuss the abnormal pressure mechanisms in the Nanpu Sag,we resorted to methods such as numerical simulation,vertical effective stress-acoustic time cross-plot,and comprehensive analysis of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion for source rocks.Consequently,we propose four conclusions:(1)the large-scale overpressure in Es³ mainly originates from the sandstone disequilibrium compaction during the Dongying period,and contribution from hydrocarbon generation is relatively minor;(2)in Minghuazhen period,hydrocarbon generation becomes the main mechanism for generating pressure,while the influence from disequilibrium compaction is rather limited;(3)the lower-degree overpressure of the middle and upper layers is thought to be induced by the vertical fluid migration from the deep overpressured formations through active fault zone;(4)the regional uplifting and denudation during the late Dongying period result in pore rebound of rock matrix and fluid shrinkage,which are considered to be the main cause of the abnormal low pressure in the Nanpu sag.

Key words: disequilibrium compaction, hydrocarbon generation, overpressure transfer, hydrothermal effect, abnormal high pressure, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

张磊,向才富,董月霞,等. 渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷异常压力系统及其形成机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(4): 664-675. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180404 Zhang Lei,Xiang Caifu,Dong Yuexia,et al. Abnormal pressure system and its origin in the Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(4): 664-675. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180404

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渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷异常压力系统及其形成机理

Abnormal pressure system and its origin in the Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin

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