石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1405-1417.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230606
刘惠民1(), 李政2, 包友书2, 张守春2, 王伟庆2, 吴连波2, 王勇2, 朱日房2, 方正伟2, 张顺2, 刘鹏2, 王敏2
收稿日期:
2023-07-21
修回日期:
2023-10-07
出版日期:
2023-12-01
发布日期:
2023-12-20
第一作者简介:
刘惠民(1969—),男,教授级高级工程师,油气勘探管理。E-mail:基金项目:
Huimin LIU1(), Zheng LI2, Youshu BAO2, Shouchun ZHANG2, Weiqing WANG2, Lianbo WU2, Yong WANG2, Rifang ZHU2, Zhengwei FANG2, Shun ZHANG2, Peng LIU2, Min WANG2
Received:
2023-07-21
Revised:
2023-10-07
Online:
2023-12-01
Published:
2023-12-20
摘要:
济阳坳陷高产页岩油井BYP5古近系沙河街组三段下亚段(沙三下亚段)页岩为高成熟、富碳酸盐页岩典型代表,研究其地质特征对相似页岩勘探具有借鉴意义。从矿物组成、薄层结构、生烃条件、烃类流体性质、储集空间特征等方面剖析了该页岩基本特点。基于地化参数异常分析了页岩油微运移调整、富集机制,确定了页岩油可动的油饱和度指数(OSI)、总有机碳含量(TOC)及孔隙度下限。研究了有利于页岩油高产的地质条件。研究表明:BYP5井沙三下亚段页岩以碳酸盐质页岩为主,具有明显的薄层结构特征,薄层类型主要包括泥质薄层和泥晶方解石薄层。TOC为0.58 %~7.98 %,平均4.52 %,以Ⅰ型有机质为主,处于生轻质油-凝析气阶段。孔隙度为2.2 %~6.9 %,平均3.22 %,储集空间包括基质孔、层间缝以及穿层缝,其中基质孔是主要储集空间类型。可动页岩油的OSI下限值低于50 mg/g,TOC下限值为1 %,孔隙度下限为2.2 %。利于高产的地质条件是:①较高的有机质丰度和生烃潜力,为石油富集及流动奠定坚实物质基础;②油气具有较好的流动性,可大大降低有效储集物性下限;③异常高压为石油产出提供了充足的天然能量;④页岩的纹层状/层状结构特征决定了其具有较高的生-储-渗效率;⑤层间缝和穿层缝等多种裂缝发育,可有效沟通裂缝两侧的基质孔隙,有利于基质孔中石油产出。
中图分类号:
图5
济阳坳陷BYP5井沙三下亚段页岩纹层状/层状结构及矿物发育特征显微照片a. 富泥质层页岩,泥晶方解石层与泥质层互层,埋深4 319.25 m,单偏光薄片;b. 富方解石层页岩,泥晶方解石层为主,含部分粉晶方解石层, 埋深4 321.70 m,单偏光薄片;c.含粉晶方解石层页岩,埋深4 322.70 m,单偏光薄片;d. 富泥晶方解石层页岩,埋深4 326.80 m,单偏光薄片;e. 含粉晶方解石层页岩,埋深4 328.50 m,单偏光薄片;f. 含长英质层页岩,埋深4 315.90 m,单偏光薄片MCc.泥晶方解石层;Mud.泥质层;Det.陆源碎屑;SCc.粉晶方解石层;Org.有机质;Q.石英;F.长石"
图10
济阳坳陷BYP5井沙三下亚段页岩裂缝特征显微照片a. 纹层状页岩中的层间缝,缝中充填有机质,埋深4 319.25 m,单偏光薄片;b. 泥晶方解石层之间的层间缝,埋深4 310.30 m,扫描电镜;c. 纹层状页岩的穿层缝,缝中充填有机质及重结晶方解石,埋深4 319.25 m,单偏光薄片;d. 纹层状页岩的穿层缝,裂缝密集分布,充填方解石,埋深4 320.90 m,单偏光薄片;e. 层状页岩中穿层缝,充填方解石,埋深4 314.35 m,单偏光薄片;f. 穿层缝与层间缝沟通,层间缝充填有机质,穿层缝充填方解石,埋深4 321.16 m,单偏光薄片Mud.泥质层;MCc.泥晶方解石层;Fra.裂缝"
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