石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 116-131.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200111

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川西北中二叠统超深层白云岩储层孔隙结构及控制因素

杨天博1,2,3(), 何治亮3,4,*(), 金振奎5, 张军涛2,3, 李双建2,3   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院, 北京 100083
    2. 中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
    3. 中国石化 石油勘探 开发研究院 构造与沉积储层实验室, 北京 100083
    4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司, 北京 100728
    5. 中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-29 出版日期:2020-02-01 发布日期:2020-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 何治亮 E-mail:3006180012@cugb.edu.com;hezl.syky@sinopec.com
  • 作者简介:杨天博(1993-),男,博士研究生,碳酸盐岩储层。E-mail:3006180012@cugb.edu.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(U1663209);中国科学院A类战略性先导项目(XDA14010201)

Pore structure and controlling factors of the ultra-deep Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs, northwestern Sichuan Basin

Tianbo Yang1,2,3(), Zhiliang He3,4,*(), Zhenkui Jin5, Juntao Zhang2,3, Shuangjian Li2,3   

  1. 1. College of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    2. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
    3. Laboratory of Structural and Sedimentological Reservoir Geology, Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
    4. China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing 100728, China
    5. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
  • Received:2019-07-29 Online:2020-02-01 Published:2020-01-19
  • Contact: Zhiliang He E-mail:3006180012@cugb.edu.com;hezl.syky@sinopec.com
  • Supported by:
    国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(U1663209);中国科学院A类战略性先导项目(XDA14010201)

摘要:

四川盆地西北部龙门山山前中二叠统白云岩储层埋藏深度大,经历了漫长的埋藏期成岩演化,现今仍有丰富的储集空间保存,并发现了孔隙式白云岩气藏,但白云岩储层质量的非均质性较强,不同类型的白云岩储层中储集空间的形成和保持机理还有待更深入的研究。结合物性测试、压汞实验和CT扫描,白云岩储层中可识别出3种孔喉结构类型,其中Ⅰ类孔喉配位数高、连通性较好,大孔粗喉型的孔喉组合占主导,Ⅱ类包括了大孔中喉型和中孔中喉型两套孔喉组合,孔喉非均质性强,Ⅲ类受压溶作用影响较强主要发育小孔细喉型孔喉组合。白云岩储层孔喉结构的差异性主要取决于先驱灰岩的岩石组构和后期多种成岩作用的叠加耦合。Ⅰ,Ⅱ类储层一般由多孔颗粒灰岩经白云化形成,白云化作用进行得较彻底,主要发育在平直自形-半自形白云岩中,但Ⅰ类储层比Ⅱ类储层受中晚期溶蚀作用的改造更强且过度白云化作用影响较弱;而残余结构白云岩和非平直他形白云岩由于抗压溶能力更弱和后期过度白云化作用更强因而仅能形成Ⅲ类储层。

关键词: 孔隙结构, 白云化作用, 溶蚀作用, 超深层储层, 中二叠统, 四川盆地

Abstract:

The Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs in the piedmont of Longmen Mountain, northwestern Sichuan Basin, were deeply buried and experienced long-term diagenetic evolution during burial, but abundant reservoir space is still well preserved at present, and even porous dolomite gas reservoirs have been discovered in such ultra-deep reservoirs. However, these reservoirs feature high heterogeneity, and the formation and preservation mechanism of reservoir space still need further study. Three types of pore structures are recognized via physical property analysis, mercury injection porosimetry and CT scanning. TypeⅠ is dominated by large pore and coarse throat with large pore-throat coordination number and high connectivity. Type Ⅱ has two sets of pore-throat combinations (larger pore-medium throat and medium pore-medium throat), and shows higher pore throat heterogeneity. Type Ⅲ is characterized by small pore-fine throat combination resulting from strong pressure solution. The difference in pore-throat structures is mainly controlled by rock fabric of precursor limestone and the overprint of various kinds of diagenesis. Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ reservoirs, usually originating from porous grainstones, went through thorough dolomitization, and were well developed in planar, automorphic-hypautomorphic dolomites. Nevertheless, in comparison with Type Ⅱ reservoirs, Type Ⅰ reservoirs are stronger in modification by burial dissolution at middle-late stages but weaker in over-dolomitization. Furthermore, relict dolomite and non-planar, xenomorphic dolomite are most likely to form Type Ⅲ reservoirs due to their weaker anti-pressure-solution capacity and stronger late over-dolomitization.

Key words: pore structure, dolomitization, dissolution, ultra-deep reservoir, Middle Permian, Sichuan Basin

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