柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层特征及天然气成藏条件

doi:10.11743/ogg20200207

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 305-315.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200207

柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层特征及天然气成藏条件

焦小芹^1,²(), 牛花朋^1,^2,*(), 谢庆宾^1,², 张永庶³, 李俊巍^1,², 吴志雄³, 王波³, 李欣^1,²

1. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
2. 中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249
3. 中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202

收稿日期:2019-01-29 出版日期:2020-04-28 发布日期:2020-04-03
通讯作者: 牛花朋 E-mail:jiaoxiaoqin0109@163.com;niuhuapeng@126.com
第一作者简介:焦小芹(1995-),女,硕士研究生,岩石学与储层地质学。E-mail:jiaoxiaoqin0109@163.com
基金项目:
国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05063002-006);北京高等学校青年英才计划项目(YETP0669);中国石油大学（北京）科研基金(KYJJ2012-01-22)

Characteristics of basement reservoirs and setting for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin

Xiaoqin Jiao^1,²(), Huapeng Niu^1,^2,*(), Qingbin Xie^1,², Yongshu Zhang³, Junwei Li^1,², Zhixiong Wu³, Bo Wang³, Xin Li^1,²

1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Qinghai Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202, China

Received:2019-01-29 Online:2020-04-28 Published:2020-04-03
Contact: Huapeng Niu E-mail:jiaoxiaoqin0109@163.com;niuhuapeng@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

尖北斜坡为柴达木盆地阿尔金山前东段天然气勘探重点区域之一，目前针对该区域基岩储层发育特征和成藏条件的分析研究尚很薄弱。在岩心观察、薄片鉴定的基础上，结合常量元素分析、XRD、SEM、压汞测试和井震资料分析，对柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层的发育特征及天然气成藏的有利地质条件进行了研究。结果表明，尖北斜坡基岩储层岩石类型主要为花岗闪长岩、花岗岩和片岩；发育风化壳型储层，其中半风化层孔渗物性最好；储集空间为基质微孔、溶蚀孔和裂缝，储层孔隙度主要分布在2.23%~3.77%，渗透率均值为0.06×10^-3 μm²，以Ⅱ类中等储层为主；基岩储层临近坪东以西侏罗系生烃凹陷，天然气自生烃凹陷沿基岩基底发育的深大断裂和不整合发生运移，经基岩顶部古近纪咸湖环境下形成的膏泥岩有效封堵，最终在更新世晚期形成的断背斜圈闭内富集成藏，发育基岩顶部风化壳型气藏。该研究成果对指导尖北斜坡基岩气藏下一步勘探具有重要的指导意义。

关键词: 基岩, 储层, 成藏条件, 天然气, 尖北斜坡, 柴达木盆地

Abstract:

Jianbei slope is one of the key areas for natural gas exploration in the eastern segment of the Altun Piedmont, Qaidam Basin, but the analysis of developing characteristics and gas accumulation conditions of the basement reservoirs in this area is still rarely seen.Based on observation of cores and thin sections, combined with major element analysis, XRD, SEM, MIP(mercury intrusion porosimetry)and log-seismic data analysis, we analyzed the developing characteristics of basement reservoirs and the favorable conditions for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin.The results show that the basement reservoirs in the study area are dominated by granodiorite, granite and schist.The reservoirs of weathering crust type are developed there, with the semi-weathering crust reservoirs being the best in porosity and per-meability.The reservoir space is mainly matrix micropores, dissolved pores and cracks, with a reservoir porosity ranging between 2.23% and 3.77% and an average permeability of 0.06mD.So the reservoirs are mainly Type Ⅱ reservoirs of medium permeability.The distribution area of the basement reservoirs is adjacent to the Jurassic hydrocarbon kitchen to the west of Pingdong area.The natural gas generated in the kitchen migrated along the well-developed deep-rooted large faults and unconformities at the bottom of basement; then got effectively sealed by the gypsiferous mudstones deposited under the Paleogene saline lacustrine environment on the basement top; and ultimately got accumulated in the faulted anticline trap formed during the Late Pleistocene, resulting in the formation of weathering crust gas reservoir on the basement top.In all, the research results are of instructional significance to further exploration of basement gas reservoirs in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin.

Key words: basement, reservoir, accumulation condition, natural gas, Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

焦小芹,牛花朋,谢庆宾,等. 柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层特征及天然气成藏条件[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(2): 305-315. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200207 Xiaoqin Jiao,Huapeng Niu,Qingbin Xie,et al. Characteristics of basement reservoirs and setting for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(2): 305-315. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200207

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样品		孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	最大进汞饱和度/ %	退汞效率/ %
井名	深度/m	孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	最大进汞饱和度/ %	退汞效率/ %
尖探1井	4 639.73	2.31	0.04	3.868	66.52	28.1
尖探1井	4 640.33	3.18	0.03	0.758	77.37	23.2
尖探1井	4 640.82	3.57	0.03	0.468	73.61	30.0
尖探1井	4 641.98	4.95	0.03	0.714	73.62	25.9
尖探1井	4 642.95	1.98	0.03	1.267	61.43	20.4
尖探1井	4 644.22	2.43	0.03	1.289	63.49	25.7
尖探1井	4 645.25	4.78	0.03	0.799	57.58	23.9
尖探1井	4 645.93	2.68	0.02	1.148	54.38	17.8
尖探1井	4 646.36	3.52	0.02	3.341	82.33	21.9
尖探1井	4 647.70	2.14	0.01	4.083	76.74	22.9

储层类型	储集空间类型	岩心孔隙度/ %	岩心渗透率/ (10^-3 μm²)	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	面孔率/%
Ⅰ类	基质微孔为主，溶蚀孔、构造缝次之	> 4	> 1	3~5	> 10
Ⅱ类	溶蚀孔为主，溶蚀缝次之	2~4	0.03~1	1~3	5~10
Ⅲ类	发育溶蚀缝、解理缝，少量溶蚀微孔	< 2	< 0.03	< 1	< 5

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柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层特征及天然气成藏条件

Characteristics of basement reservoirs and setting for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin

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