石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 1067-1083.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230501
曾溅辉1,2(), 张亚雄3, 张在振1,2,4, 乔俊程1,2(), 王茂云1,2, 陈冬霞1,2, 姚泾利5, 丁景辰6, 熊亮7, 刘亚洲1,2, 赵伟波5, 任克博1,2
收稿日期:
2022-09-05
修回日期:
2023-08-06
出版日期:
2023-10-19
发布日期:
2023-10-19
通讯作者:
乔俊程
E-mail:zengjh@ cup.edu.cn;Juncheng.Qiao@cup.edu.cn
第一作者简介:
曾溅辉(1962—),男,博士、教授,油气成藏机理和储层评价。E?mail: 基金项目:
Jianhui ZENG1,2(), Yaxiong ZHANG3, Zaizhen ZHANG1,2,4, Juncheng QIAO1,2(), Maoyun WANG1,2, Dongxia CHEN1,2, Jingli YAO5, Jingchen DING6, Liang XIONG7, Yazhou LIU1,2, Weibo ZHAO5, Kebo REN1,2
Received:
2022-09-05
Revised:
2023-08-06
Online:
2023-10-19
Published:
2023-10-19
Contact:
Juncheng QIAO
E-mail:zengjh@ cup.edu.cn;Juncheng.Qiao@cup.edu.cn
摘要:
近年来大量勘探开发实践发现,致密砂岩气藏普遍产水,气-水关系非常复杂,“避水找气”已成为致密砂岩气藏勘探开发的关键问题。基于简单平缓构造区(鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格和大牛地致密砂岩气藏)、简单平缓-复杂隆起构造过渡区(鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区)和复杂隆起构造区(四川盆地川西地区致密气藏)气-水关系的综合地质分析,结合岩心和孔隙尺度致密砂岩气-水关系形成和分布物理模拟,明确了致密砂岩气藏气-水分布关系的类型和特征,揭示了砂体、岩心和孔隙尺度复杂气-水关系形成和分布主控因素,建立了气-水分布模式。研究指出:致密砂岩气藏气-水关系在砂体尺度上主要存在纯气无水型、上气下水正常型、上水下气倒置型、气-水同层混合型、气包水孤立型和纯水无气型等6种类型。在砂体尺度下,生烃强度控制了气-水分布范围,储层非均质性控制了气-水分布样式,源-储压差和构造活动联合控制了气-水分布边界;在岩心尺度下,渗透率和充注动力耦合控制了气-水关系形成和分布的临界条件;在孔隙尺度下,孔喉大小和配位数与充注压力耦合控制了流体赋存和渗流特征,决定了气-水关系形成和分布的临界条件。不同源-储组合的致密气藏,受砂体、岩心和孔隙尺度主控因素共同作用及其差异的影响,其气-水分布模式不同。
中图分类号:
表1
致密砂岩气藏不同类型气-水分布关系基本特征"
气-水关系类型 | 含气-水特征 | 气-水分布产状 | 储层物性 | 测试结果 | 产能情况 | 测井曲线特征 | 实例 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
纯气无水型 | 含气饱和度高,基本不含水 | 气层叠置 | 好 | 气层 | 产气量高,几乎不产水 | 杭锦旗地区锦98井,盒1段 | |
气包水孤立型 | 含水饱和度高,含少量的气 | 气层包围水层 分布 | 好夹差 | 含气-水层 | 产气量高,产水量很小 | 杭锦旗地区锦53井,盒1段 | |
上气下水正常型 | 上部含气饱和度高,下部含水饱和度高 | 上气下水倾斜 分布 | 较好 | 气-水层、 含水气层 | 前期产气量高,后期产水量逐渐增大 | 杭锦旗地区锦39井,盒1段 | |
上水下气倒置型 | 上部含水饱和度高,下部含气饱和度高 | 上水下气倾斜 分布 | 上部差于下部 | 气-水层、 含水气层 | 前期产气量高,后期产水量逐渐增大 | 苏里格地区苏396井,下石盒子组 | |
气-水同层混合型 | 含气和含水饱和度均较高 | 气-水层近水平分布 | 较差 | 气-水层 | 产气量和产水量较高 | 杭锦旗地区锦77井,盒1段 | |
纯水无气型 | 含水饱和度高,基本不含气 | 水层叠置或孤立分布 | 差或较好 | 水层 | 产水量高,几乎不产气 | 杭锦旗地区锦44井,盒1段 |
表2
致密砂岩气藏不同气-水关系类型的差异性"
气-水关系类型 | 气-水变化规律 | 含气性变化规律 (垂向向上) | 气-水区域分布 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
单井 (垂向向上) | 剖面 (构造低部位至高部位) | |||
上水下气倒置型 | 气层-气-水层-水层 | 气区-气-水过渡区-水区 | 含气饱和度递减 | 气-水分区性明显,存在气-水过渡区 |
上气下水正常型 | 水层-气-水层-气层 | 水区-气-水过渡区-气区 | 含气饱和度递增 | 水区连片分布于气区内部或侧方 |
气包水孤立型 | 气层-气-水层-气层 | 气区-气-水过渡区/水区-气区 | 整体含气饱和度高 | 气-水过渡区或水区零散分布于气区内部 |
气-水同层混合型 | 气层、气-水层和水层交替叠置 | 气区、气-水过渡区、水区交互出现 | 含气饱和度频繁变化,高低起伏大 | 气区、气-水过渡区、水区频繁交互 |
纯气无水型 | 气层叠置 | 气区连续 | 含气饱和度高且稳定 | 气区大面积稳定分布 |
纯水无气型 | 水层叠置 | 水区连续 | 含水饱和度高且稳定 | 水区大面积稳定分布 |
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