中国古老小克拉通台内裂陷特征及石油地质意义

doi:10.11743/ogg20200102

Abstract

Abstract:

The intra-platform carbonate rock is another potential for hydrocarbon exploration in addition to reef-shoal at the platform margins.The study focuses on the elucidation of petroleum geologic characteristics and origin of intra-platform rifts in the Deyang-Anyue area during the Upper Sinian-Lower Cambrian, Sichuan Basin, and analysis of analogues of the intra-platform rifts such as the Tarim Basin during the Nanhua Period and the Ordos Basin during the Changcheng Period, based on the outcrop, core, and thin section observation, as well as single-well, seismic and testing data.The results show that (1) the breakup of Rodinia Pangaea provides the regional geological setting for the development of Deyang-Anyue intra-platform rifts.Tensional or strike-slipping faulting and differential subsidence are key to the formation of intra-platform rifts; (2) The Deyang-Anyue intra-platform rifts have gone through four stages of evolution, namely, the erosional stage during the deposition of the 2nd member of Dengying Formation, the rifting stage during the 4th member of Dengying Formation, the rifting climax-filling stage during the Maidiping -Canglangpu Formations, and the development of ramp-platform during the deposition of Longwangmiao Formation.In turn, the rift controlled the development of two sets of source rocks (Qiongzhusi and Maidiping Formations) and two reservoirs (the 4th member of Dengying Formation and Longwangmiao Formation); (3) Two types of hydrocarbon accumulation assemblages formed according to the spatial configuration of source rocks and reservoirs, with reservoir either alongside the source rock on the same depth level or above it; (4) The intra-platform rifts in the Tarim Basin during Nanhua Period and in the Ordos Basin during Changcheng Period share similar geological features with those in Deyang-Anyue area, indicating good hydrocarbon exploration potential.These results suggest that the region of hydrocarbon exploration can be extended from platform margin to intra-platform.This may shed a guiding light to the hydrocarbon exploration of marine carbonate reservoirs in ancient small-scale cratonic platforms in China.

Key words: marine carbonate rock, intra-platform rift, Sinian, Cambrian, Changcheng Period, Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin, Ordos Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.2

Anjiang Shen, Yana Chen, Jianyong Zhang, Xinfeng Ni, Jingao Zhou, Xingning Wu. Characteristics of intra-platform rift in ancient small-scalecratonic platform of China and its implications for hydrocarbon exploration[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(1): 15-25.

Figures/Tables 7

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构造	定义	规模和形态	成因机理	地质特征
大陆裂谷	以高角度断层为界呈长条带的地壳下降区，包括主动裂谷和被动裂谷	深数千至万米，宽数十至数百千米，长数百至数千千米	大陆裂解(地幔柱上拱、热点)、伸展或剪切作用	位于大陆板块内部，最终演化为大洋，基底为洋壳和过渡壳。具有双峰式火山岩+类磨拉石+复理石建造；经历地堑、洋盆、消减或碰撞3个演化阶段
拗拉谷	拉张环境下形成的狭长沉陷带，通常认为是三叉裂谷系夭折的一支	深数千至万米，宽数十至数百千米，长数百至千千米	夭折的三叉裂谷、裂谷扩张轴迁移、走滑断裂	位于板块边缘，基底为洋壳和过渡壳。具有双峰式火山岩+类磨拉石+复理石建造；经历地堑、凹陷、造山或褶皱回返3个演化阶段
台内裂陷	碳酸盐台地内由张性或剪切边界断裂、差异沉降作用形成的带状沉降区	深数百至千米，宽数十至百千米，长百至数百千米	断裂拉张或走滑拉分作用、裂谷或坳拉槽插入台地的部分	位于碳酸盐台地内，基底为陆壳。台盆/陆棚+浅海沉积碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩建造；经历裂陷、凹陷、填平补齐3个演化阶段
坳陷	地壳上不同成因的下降构造单元	无尺度大小和形态的限制	同生断裂、古地貌低	位于碳酸盐台地内，不规则状(等轴或长轴)；基底为陆壳，浅海碳酸盐岩夹泥质岩；经历凹陷、填平补齐2个演化阶段

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Characteristics of intra-platform rift in ancient small-scalecratonic platform of China and its implications for hydrocarbon exploration

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