复杂断陷盆地深层煤岩气地质特征、有利成藏因素及发育模式——以渤海湾盆地大港探区为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20240613

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years， deep coal-rock gas has gradually become a popular target for the exploration of unconventional hydrocarbons. In China， the deep coal-rock gas exploration is concentrated in the Ordos Basin， where breakthroughs in the exploration and production pilot tests have been achieved. In contrast， the exploration of deep coal-rock gas in the Bohai Bay Basin remains in its initial stage. Using geologic data of coal seams obtained from core observations and well logging， we systematically analyze the characteristics and favorable accumulation factors of the deep Upper Paleozoic coal seams in the Dagang exploration area. Furthermore， the mechanisms underlying the gas generation， storage， and preservation in deep coal seams are explored and the developmental model of the deep Upper Paleozoic coal-rock gas is thereby clarified. The results indicate that the Dagang exploration area contains multiple favorable sweet spot intervals for the deep Upper Paleozoic coal-rock gas occurrence， where the coal seams exhibit high organic matter abundance， moderate thermal maturity， and high gas-generating intensity. In terms of pore structure， these coal seams manifest multi-scale pores and fractures， with the large-scale， intensively distributed microfractures providing effective storage spaces. The roofs and floors of the coal seams are composed predominately of mudstones， creating favorable preservation conditions. The coal seams experienced two large-scale gas-generating processes under the influence of multistage tectonic movements. Against the backdrop of complex fault-bounded depressions， the coal seams exhibit weathering-degradation zones， saturated adsorption zones， and structural hydrocarbon accumulation zones， with its deep parts characterized by supersaturated gas-bearing properties and coexistence of adsorbed and free gas. Based on these findings， we establish a developmental model for the complex accumulation of deep coal-rock gas in a complex fault-bounded basin. The theoretical research and exploration practices of the deep Upper Paleozoic coal-rock gas in the Dagang exploration area serve as a significant guide and reference for the exploration and development of deep coal-rock gas in the Bohai Bay Basin.

Key words: geological characteristics, favorable accumulation factors, developmental model, deep coal-rock gas, Upper Paleozoic, Dagang exploration area, Bohai Bay Basin

CLC Number:

TE132.2

Lihong ZHOU, Changwei CHEN, Guomeng HAN, Hongjun LI, Yu CUI, Xiaowei DONG, Shunyao SONG, Xiugang PU, Guoquan LIU, Huajun GAN. Geological characteristics， favorable accumulation factors， and developmental models of deep coal-rock gas in complex fault-bounded basins： A case study of the Dagang exploration area in the Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(6): 1665-1677.

Figures/Tables 13

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岩性	自然伽马值/API	声波时差/（μs/m）	补偿中子孔隙度/%	补偿密度/（g/cm³）	光电吸收截面指数/（b/e）	电阻率/（Ω·m）
煤	15 ~ 35	300 ~ 450	>50	1.20 ~ 1.80	0.15 ~ 0.20	>100.0
炭质泥岩	60 ~ 140	250 ~ 450	>40	1.80 ~ 2.30	2.00 ~ 3.45	0.3 ~ 10.0
泥岩	70 ~ 140	240 ~ 350	30 ~ 80	2.25 ~ 2.65	3.40 ~ 3.45	0.3 ~ 10.0
砂岩	30 ~ 85	175 ~ 280	10 ~ 35	2.40 ~ 2.80	1.80 ~ 1.84	10.0 ~ 200.0

盆地	区块	显微组分含量/%
盆地	区块	镜质组	惰质组	壳质组	矿物质
渤海湾	黄骅	68.45 ~ 85.82/78.30	2.00 ~ 28.79/13.50	1.94 ~ 2.13/2.04	0.42 ~ 3.60/2.80
渤海湾	冀中	72.63 ~ 81.00/76.50	7.54 ~ 21.60/16.20	0.80 ~ 13.64/7.30	1.20 ~ 6.80/3.80
鄂尔多斯	保德	67.30	9.50	21.30	1.90
	大宁—吉县	43.70 ~ 86.80/64.00	11.20 ~ 40.40/19.41	—	10.60 ~ 32.00/18.57
	韩城	46.47 ~ 87.54/76.94	6.54 ~ 35.21/15.39	—	1.15 ~ 18.32/7.38
	柳林	77.30 ~ 77.70	17.80 ~ 21.20	<1.00	—
	临兴—神府	52.90 ~ 86.20/67.80	8.80 ~ 37.60/23.10	0.80 ~ 12.00/4.30	0.80 ~ 12.00/4.10
	石楼南	74.90 ~ 84.90/80.50	15.10 ~ 25.20/19.20	—	6.20 ~ 22.80/14.80

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Geological characteristics， favorable accumulation factors， and developmental models of deep coal-rock gas in complex fault-bounded basins： A case study of the Dagang exploration area in the Bohai Bay Basin

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