塔里木盆地塔中地区下奥陶统白云岩的成岩流体演化:来自团簇同位素的证据

doi:10.11743/ogg20200107

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the relationship between the relative abundance of ¹³C and ¹⁸O bonds and temperature, carbonate clumped isotope (Δ₄₇) has the special characteristic of indicating temperature even in the absence of knowledge about the chemical and isotopic composition of the fluid from which the carbonates precipitated.This property hence makes the technique an excellent temperature proxy in the study of diagenetic fluids.As such, this study employs clumped isotopes to examine the origin of diagenetic fluids in deep and ultra-deep subsurface settings and we assess their impact on the development of reservoir quality.This study considers both the matrix and associated cements.Three episodes of diagenesis are revealed. In the first stage, the fluids formed in a shallow-to-medium burial environment and the matrix was altered to have a powder-crystal to finely-crystalline texture.The range of Δ₄₇ derived temperatures ranges from 69 to 94℃, and the δ¹⁸O_w values are from +1.81‰ to +5.19‰ SMOW.These data suggest that the fluid is modified seawater.The second diagenetic episode was influence by a brine after the sequence was deeply-bured.Here, the matrix was altered to a me-dium-crystalline texture and the Δ₄₇ derived temperatures range from 111 to 113℃, and the δ¹⁸O_w values range from +8.46‰ to +8.95‰ SMOW, indicating that a substantial water-rock interaction occurred.The third diagenetic episode was induced by hydrothermal fluids, likely travelling along faults and fractures, which yielded abundant saddle dolomite.Here, Δ₄₇ derived temperatures varies from 130 to 147℃ and the δ¹⁸O_w values from +7.93‰ to +9.42‰ SMOW.The vug-and vein-filling carbonates have a wide range of δ¹⁸O_carb and δ¹³C_carb values.The δ¹⁸O_carb values span -17.38‰ to -5.84‰ VPDB, and the δ¹³C_carb values from 3.57‰ to -1.33‰ VPDB, indicating multiple stages of fluid modification.Both the cores and photomicrographs demonstrate excellent reservoir quality for the Lower Ordovician Tazhong dolomites.

Key words: clumped isotope, carbonate, diagenetic fluid, reservoir, dolomite, Lower Ordovician, Tazhong area, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE135

Jiaqing Liu, Zhong Li, Mengke Yan, K.Swart Peter, Liu Yang, Chaojin Lu. Diagenetic fluid evolution of dolomite from the Lower Ordovician in Tazhong area, Tarim Basin: Clumped isotopic evidence[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(1): 68-82.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Table 2

Carbon and oxygen isotopic data of dolomite from the Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation in Tazhong area"

井号	深度/m	岩石类型	产状	δ¹³C(VPDB)/%	δ¹⁸O(VPDB)/%
ZG442H	5 555.86	粉-细晶云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-2.19	-6.12
TZ12	5 299.00	细晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-0.91	-5.55
TZ12	5 299.00	泥-粉晶云岩	基质白云石(致密)	-1.74	-3.50
TZ12	5 248.02	泥-粉晶云岩	基质白云石(致密)	-1.42	-4.74
TZ12	5 248.02	粉晶白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-1.51	-11.13
TZ12	5 241.65	细晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-1.00	-8.37
TZ12	5 237.40	粗晶白云岩	孔洞内充填白云石	-1.33	-17.38
TZ12	5 232.20	粉晶白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-1.78	-14.21
TZ3	3 770.03	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.62	-9.55
TZ3	3 761.97	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-3.35	-6.62
TZ3	3 761.97	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-1.46	-6.54
TZ3	3 761.74	白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-2.77	-10.98
TZ3	3 761.74	白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-2.60	-11.38
TZ3	4 222.08	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.93	-11.89
TZ3	4 222.08	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.08	-13.07
TZ3	4 205.65	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.93	-8.77
TZ3	4 200.00	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.42	-7.56
TZ3	4 192.92	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.18	-11.36
TZ3	4 069.40	细晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-2.04	-4.51
TZ3	4 069.40	泥晶白云岩	泥晶白云石	-1.93	-3.86
TZ3	4 066.40	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-3.14	-9.75
TZ3	4 021.70	白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-3.01	-8.26
TZ3	3 966.33	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.24	-6.14
TZ3	3 966.33	白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-3.18	-12.05
ZG46-3H	5 584.50	粉-细晶白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-3.57	-5.84
ZG46-3H	5 589.27	球粒白云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-2.87	-11.06
ZG46-3H	5 582.53	粉-细晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-1.83	-7.22
ZG9	6 267.90	中-细晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	0.40	-6.10
ZG9	6 267.90	中-细晶白云岩	基质白云石(致密)	0.89	-5.80

Table 2

Fig.7

Fig.8

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井号	样品号	深度/m	岩石类型	产状	δ¹³C(VPDB)/‰	δ¹⁸O(VPDB)/‰	Δ₄₇/‰	δ¹⁸O_w(SMOW)/‰	T/℃
ZG9	ZG9-2	6 261.62	中-粗晶白云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	0.88	-5.39	0.542	5.19	94
					0.77	-5.59	0.581	1.81	71
					0.83	-5.49	0.562	3.50	83
ZG512	ZG512-5	5 587.94	粉晶中-细晶云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-2.10	-3.73	0.516	8.95	111
ZG512	ZG512-5	5 587.94	粉晶中-细晶云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-3.20	-9.10	0.488	9.42	133
ZG512	ZG512-6	5 588.51	中-粗晶云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-1.39	-9.28	0.527	2.39	104
ZG512	ZG512-6	5 588.51	中-粗晶云岩	孔洞内充填方解石	-2.31	-12.01	0.472	7.93	147
ZG512	ZG512-7	5 589.66	粉-细晶云岩	孔洞内充填白云石	-1.69	-3.93	0.515	8.80	112
ZG512	ZG512-8	5 589.77	粉-细晶云岩	基质白云石(孔隙发育)	-1.07	-4.44	0.513	8.46	113
ZG512	ZG512-8	5 589.77	粉-细晶云岩	孔洞内充填白云石	-1.91	-3.32	0.573	4.79	75
ZG503	ZG503-1	6 060.40	灰质云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-2.04	-9.03	0.492	9.13	130
TZ12	TZ12-3	5 297.90	粉晶白云岩	裂缝内充填方解石	-1.35	-3.13	0.585	4.04	69

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Diagenetic fluid evolution of dolomite from the Lower Ordovician in Tazhong area, Tarim Basin: Clumped isotopic evidence

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