四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气的晚期逸散

doi:10.11743/ogg20150416

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探讨四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气晚期逸散方式和强度，应用典型井页岩气层埋藏史、构造特征、压力系数、含气量和页岩岩心物性分析资料，通过页岩气晚期逸散时间和特征分析以及模式构建，指出页岩气晚期逸散的时间为页岩气层晚期持续抬升的整个阶段，从盆缘到盆内五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气晚期逸散开始的时间从早白垩世演变为晚白垩世。页岩储层基质孔隙以纳米级为主、渗透率属纳达西级（平均为0.000 215×10^-3 μm²）、渗透率应力敏感性强（岩心有效覆压从3.5 MPa升高到40 MPa，渗透率降低了两个数量级）。在断裂不发育的页岩气层深埋区，页岩气的逸散为浓度差驱动的微弱扩散。晚期构造作用导致页岩储层抬升或发育开启断裂，随着地应力的释放，页岩储层渗透率增大，且水平渗透率远大于垂直渗透率（地表全直径岩心水平渗透率平均为0.567 8×10^-3 μm²、垂直渗透率平均为0.153 9×10^-3 μm²）。剥蚀露头区附近或浅埋藏带以及开启断裂附近页岩气逸散强烈，且沿层方向逸散强度远大于垂直层面方向。从深埋区到浅埋区再到露头区，以及逐渐靠近开启断裂，随着地应力、页岩渗透率、烃浓度的变化，页岩气沿层方向逸散方式表现为从微弱扩散到较强扩散再到强烈扩散或渗流的渐变特征，且逸散强度有序渐次增大。

关键词: 五峰组, 龙马溪组, 页岩气, 四川盆地

Abstract:

In order to understand the ways and intensity of fugitive emission of shale gas from the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its periphery, we analyzed the time and features of late fugitive emission of shale gas and established shale gas leak mode by integrating various data inclduingthe burial history, structural features, pressure coeficient, gas contents and poroperm characteristics of cores from typical wells.It is believed that late fugitive emission of shale gas occurred in the whole period of late continuous uplifting of the shale gas strata.From the periphery to the interior of the basin, the initiation time of fugitive emission changed from the Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous.The matrix pores of shale reservoirs are dominated by nanoscale and the permeability is at nano-darcy level(averaging at 0.000 215× 10^-3 μm²), and the sensitivity of permeability to stress is strong(descending two order of amplitude when effective overburden pressure of core ascending from 3.5 MPa to 40 MPa).The fugitive emission of shale gas from deep strata in which faults are poorly developed is the weak diffusion driven by hydrocarbon concentration difference.The late tectonic movements led to the uplifting of shale reservoirs or development of open faults.As the stress released, the permeability of shale reservoirs increased and horizontal permeability became far greater than vertical permeability(the average horizontal permeability of whole cores on surface is 0.567 8× 10^-3 μm², while the average perpendicular permeability is 0.153 9× 10^-3 μm²).The fugitive emission of shale gas is the most intensive near the eroded outcrop area, in areas where the bu-rial depth of shale is shallow or near the open faults belt, and the intensity of emission along strata direction is far greater than that along the direction perpendicular to strata.As the stress, permeability and hydrocarbon concentration change from deep area to shallow area and then to outcrop area as well as the area near open faults belt, the bedding-parallel fugitive emission mode of shale gas is featured by gradual changes from weak diffusion to relative strong diffusion to strong diffusion and finally to seepage flow and the intensity of fugitive emission increase gradually.

Key words: Wufeng Formation, Longmaxi Formation, shale gas, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

魏志红. 四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气的晚期逸散[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(4): 659-665. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150416 Wei Zhihong. Late fugitive emission of shale gas from Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its periphery[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(4): 659-665. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150416

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