北黄海东部次盆地油气成藏主控因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20150603

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 北黄海东部次盆地尚处于勘探早期，石油地质条件复杂，油气成藏主控因素尚未探明。结合目前勘探成果，利用多口钻井资料，综合运用油气地球化学、烃源岩有机相划分、储层成岩作用和流体包裹体测温等手段，确定了东部次盆地的油气成藏主控因素。分布局限的中、低丰度烃源岩决定了东部次盆地油气平面分布范围，并决定了油气纵向上也是围绕烃源岩出现，而在远离主生烃灶的构造带和远离主力烃源岩的层段则难以运聚成藏；早期缓慢浅埋—中期强烈隆升—晚期快速深埋的沉积过程影响了油气分布，这一特殊的沉积埋藏过程控制了东部次盆地烃源岩生、排烃历史和储层演化史，造成东部次盆地大量生、排烃和成藏事件均发生在新近纪，而受成岩作用等因素的影响，此时主要目的层储层已大面积低孔、低渗，油气难以长距离运移，最终导致东部次盆地难以发生大规模的油气运聚成藏。综合而言，东部次盆地的油气成藏特征属于近源成藏，因此近主生烃灶的勘探目标风险小，下步勘探要在临近主生烃灶、同时储集条件有利的二级构造带上寻找以构造圈闭和构造-岩性复合圈闭为主的勘探目标。

关键词: 沉积过程, 油气分布, 油气成藏, 东部次盆地, 北黄海

Abstract: Eastern Sub-basin of the North Yellow Sea is still in the early stage of exploration,its petroleum geologic conditions are complex,and the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation are still not clear.Drilling data,petroleum geochemistry,organic phase classification,diagenesis and fluid inclusion thermometry were integrated to determine the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation.The distribution of source rocks with low to moderate abundance has controlled the area of oil and gas,and the hydrocarbons occur typically adjacent to the source rocks in vertical.But it is difficult for oil and gas to accumulate in the structural zone far away from the “hydrocarbon kitchen” and the main source rock intervals.The sedimentary process of slowly and shallow burial in early stage-intense uplift in middle stage-rapidly and deep burial in late stage affected the distribution of hydrocarbons.This special sedimentary-burial process also controlled the generation-expulsion history and the reservoir evolution history in the Eastern Sub-basin,and resulted in that the events of generation and expulsion and accumulation of hydrocarbon all occurred during the Neogene.Due to the influences of diagenesis and other factors,the major targets had been turned into the low-porosity and low-permeability reservoirs in the Neogene,making it hard for hydrocarbons to migrate in long distance.Therefore,large-scale hydrocarbon migration and accumulation have not occurred in the Eastern Sub-basin.As a whole,the reservoirs in Eastern Sub-basin features in near-source accumulation,so the targets adjacent to the main “hydrocarbon kitchen” have the lower risk of exploration.Therefore,the structural traps and structural-lithologic composite traps of the secondary structures,which are adjacent to “hydrocarbon kitchen” with good reservoirs,can be the favorable targets in the further exploration.

Key words: sedimentary process, oil and gas distribution, hydrocarbon accumulation, Eastern Sub-basin, North Yellow Sea

中图分类号:

TE122.3

刘金萍,王改云,王嘹亮,等. 北黄海东部次盆地油气成藏主控因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(6): 888-896. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150603 Liu Jinping,Wang Gaiyun,Wang Liaoliang,et al. Main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Eastern Sub-basin,North Yellow Sea[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(6): 888-896. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150603

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