BSR及其下伏游离气区的分布特征与控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20160112

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 87-92.doi: 10.11743/ogg20160112

BSR及其下伏游离气区的分布特征与控制因素

杨金秀¹, Richard Davies², 肖佃师¹, 苗秀青¹, 张亚念¹

1. 中国石油大学(华东)非常规油气与新能源研究院, 山东青岛 266580;
2. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK

收稿日期:2015-01-06 修回日期:2015-12-03 出版日期:2016-02-08 发布日期:2016-03-02
作者简介:杨金秀(1984-),女,博士、讲师,天然气水合物、海洋地质学和油气地球物理勘探。E-mail:yangjinxiu@upc.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41406050);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2014010212);中国石油大学科研启动基金项目(2014010570)。

Distributions of BSR and underlying free gas zones and related controlling factors

Yang Jinxiu¹, Richard Davies², Xiao Dianshi¹, Miao Xiuqing¹, Zhang Yanian¹

1. Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum and New Energy, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;
2. School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, NE1 7RU, UK

Received:2015-01-06 Revised:2015-12-03 Online:2016-02-08 Published:2016-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 拟海底反射层（Bottom Simulating Reflector，简称BSR）是水合物底界的地震反射标志，其上部的振幅空白带是含水合物地层的反射特征，下部的高振幅异常区代表了下伏的游离气区（Free Gas Zones，简称FGZs）。利用高分辨率三维地震资料，精细描述了毛里塔尼亚滨海地区的BSR和FGZs的地震反射特征及其与周边沉积构造单元的关系。BSR在底辟构造上部出现上拱现象，在靠近峡谷两壁时BSR位置快速变深。据分析，在底辟构造带，沿断裂体系向上运移的热流体改变了此处的水合物稳定条件，导致水合物稳定底界向上变浅。而峡谷对周边沉积物的冷却作用使当地的水合物稳定条件发生与底辟构造带处相反的变化，导致水合物稳定底界向下发生移动，在地震上表现为BSR深度的增加。另外，研究发现BSR和FGZs在流体运移通道较发育的地区，如断层、气烟囱和底辟构造带地区更加发育，证明流体运移体系在该地区对水合物和FGZs的形成具有十分重要的作用，提供了水合物体系的气源供给。

关键词: 拟海底反射层, 流体运移, 三维地震, 游离气区, 天然气水合物, 毛里塔尼亚

Abstract: Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR) is the seismic reflection marker of the base of gas hydrates.The blanking zones above represent hydrate-bearing sediments and the abnormally high amplitude zones below represent free gas zones (FGZs) sealed by hydrates.In this paper,high resolution 3D seismic data from offshore Mauritania are used to characte-rize in detail the seismic reflection characters of BSR and underlying FGZs,as well as their relations with nearby structural units.The BSR upwarps in the upper part of the diapir and deepens rapidly near canyon walls.In the diapir zone,the thermal flow migrating along the fault system during dipirism changed the hydrate stability conditions,causing the shallowing of the stable bottom boundary of BSR.The cooling of the surrounding deposits by the canyon,on the contrary,caused the deepening of the stable bottom boundary of BSR.Additionally,research shows that the BSR and FGZs are prone to form in areas with well-developed fluid migration conduits such as faults and chimneys,indicating that the fluid migration system is critical for the formation of gas hydrate and FGZs and may provide gas source for the hydratesystem.

Key words: Bottom Simulating Reflector (BSR), fluid migration, 3D seismic, free gas zone, gas hydrate, Mauritania

中图分类号:

TE132.2

杨金秀,Richard Davies,肖佃师,等. BSR及其下伏游离气区的分布特征与控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(1): 87-92. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160112 Yang Jinxiu,Richard Davies,Xiao Dianshi,et al. Distributions of BSR and underlying free gas zones and related controlling factors[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(1): 87-92. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160112

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BSR及其下伏游离气区的分布特征与控制因素

Distributions of BSR and underlying free gas zones and related controlling factors

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