准噶尔盆地金龙油田佳木河组火山岩储层孔隙类型及特征

doi:10.11743/ogg20170115

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔盆地金龙油田佳木河组发育良好的火山岩储层，明确火山岩储层特征及有利储集相带分布是进行火山岩储层勘探和开发的关键。本文通过岩心、薄片观察和高压压汞分析，结合物性资料，分析火山岩储层岩石学及物性特征，并预测了有利储层的分布。结果表明，佳木河组火山岩类储层包括火山熔岩类、火山碎屑熔岩类、火山碎屑岩类和沉火山碎屑岩类4种。火山岩储层物性总体上具有中-低孔和低-特低渗的特征。储集空间类型根据形态分为孔隙和裂缝两大类，根据成因都包括原生和次生两类，其中收缩孔、缝为主要的储集空间类型。不同的火山岩性和岩相表现出不同的压汞曲线类型，包括双峰正偏态细孔喉型、单峰正偏态细-微孔喉型和单峰负偏态微孔-极细微孔喉型3类，总体以微细-细孔喉为主，分选差-中等。岩性上火山角砾岩、玄武岩和安山岩是工区内最好的储层，岩相上火山爆发相和喷溢相上部储层物性最好，平面上最好储集相带位于研究区中部呈北西-南东的条带状分布。

关键词: 储层物性, 孔隙类型, 孔喉分布, 火山岩类储层, 佳木河组, 金龙油田, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract:

Volcanic rocks in the Jiamuhe Formation are favorable reservoirs in Jinlong oilfield.It is a key step for exploration and development of volcanic reservoirs to analyze the characteristics of volcanic reservoir and define the distribution of favorable reservoir facies belts.Based on core,thin section,high pressure mercury injection and reservoir property data,this paper defined the characteristics of lithology and property of the volcanic rocks,and predicted the distribution of favorable volcanic reservoirs.The results show that the volcanic reservoirs consist of volcanic lavas,volcaniclastic lavas,volcaniclastic rocks and depositional volcaniclastic rocks.The volcanic reservoirs in Jinlong Oilfield are characterized by medium to low porosity and low to extra low permeability.The reservoir spaces are divided into pore vs. fracture classes according to their shapes in the rock,and primary vs. secondary categories on the basis of genesis,of which the contraction pores and fractures are the main reservoir spaces of the volcanic reservoirs in Jiamuhe Formation.Volcanic rocks with different lithologies and petrofacies have different types of mercury-injection curves.There are 3 curve types featuring respectively in fine pore throat with bimodal positive skew distribution,fine-micro pore throat with unimodal positive skew distribution,and micro pore throat with unimodal negative skew distribution.Overall, the micro-fine pore throats are predominant and the sorting is poor to moderate.Lithologically,the volcanic breccias,basalt and andesite are the most favorable reservoirs in the study area,while as to petrofacies,the best reservoirs occur in the explosive facies and the upper part of the effusive eruption facies.The best favorable reservoir facies belt is located at the middle part of the study area and is in NW-SE-trending banded distribution.

Key words: reservoir property, pore type, distribution of pore throat, volcanic reservoir, Jiamuhe Formation, Jinlong oilield, Junggar Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

王小军,赵飞,张琴,等. 准噶尔盆地金龙油田佳木河组火山岩储层孔隙类型及特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(1): 144-151. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170115 Wang Xiaojun,Zhao Fei,Zhang Qin,et al. Pore types and characteristics of volcanic reservoirs of the Jiamuhe Formation in Jinlong oilfield, Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(1): 144-151. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170115

参考文献

[1] 朱如凯,毛治国,郭宏莉,等.火山岩油气储层地质学——思考与建议[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(2):7-13. Zhu Rukai,Mao Zhiguo,Guo Hongli,et al.Volcanic oil and gas re-servoir geology:Thinking and forecast[J].Lithologic Resercoirs,2010,22(2):7-13.
[2] 郑勇,刘作强.石炭系火山岩岩性测井识别——准噶尔盆地西北缘红车断裂带[J].国外测井技术,2010,3:25-28. Zhen Yong,Liu Zuoqiang.Well logging identification of the lithology of Carboniferous volcanic rocks,Hongche Fault Zone,Northwest margin of Junggar Basin[J].World Well Logging Technology,2010,3:25-28.
[3] Zou C N,Zhu R K,Zhao Z,et al.Geologic characteristics of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs and exploration directions in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(1):194-205.
[4] 张玉广,刘永建,霍进杰,等.中国火山岩油气资源现状及前景预测[J].资源与产业,2009,11(3):23-25. Zhang Yuguang,Liu Yongjian,Huo Jinjie,et al.Petroleum resources and prospect in volcanic rocks in China[J].Resources & Industries,2009,11(3):23-25.
[5] Lenhardta N,G tzb A E.Volcanic settings and their reservoir potential:An outcrop analog study on the Miocene Tepoztlan Formation,Central Mexico[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2011,204(1-4):66-75.
[6] 罗艳杨,季春海,柯思,等.阿根廷内乌肯盆地海相火山岩储层形成的控制因素[J].内蒙古石油化工,2010,36(14):122-123. Luo Yanyang,Ji Chunhai,Ke Si,et al.The controlling factors of marine volcanic reservoir in Argentina's Neuquen Basin[J].Inner Mongulia Petrochemical Industry,2010,36(14):122-123.
[7] Abbaszadeh M,Corbett C,Broetz R.Development of an integrated reservoir model for a naturally fractured volcanic reservoir in China[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation and Engineering,2001,4(5):406-414.
[8] 陈树民,李来林,赵海波.松辽盆地白垩系火山岩储层岩石物理声学特性分析[J].岩石学报,2010,26(1):14-20. Chen Shumin,Li Lailin,Zhao Haibo.Physical analysis of acoustic characteristics of Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the Songliao Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2010,26(1):14-20.
[9] 于文修,陆建林,张庆龙,等.长岭断陷火山岩储层内碳酸盐矿物碳氧同位素组成及其成因[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2012,31(1):82-88. Yu Wenxiu,Lu Jianlin,Zhang Qinglong,et al.Carbon and oxygen Isotopic compositions and genesis of carbonate minerals in a volcanic reservoir from the Changling Rift[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2012,31(1):82-88.
[10] 朱如凯,邹才能,白斌,等.全球油气勘探研究进展及对沉积储层研究的需求[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(11):1150-1161. Zhu Rukai,Zou Caineng,Bai Bin,et al.Progresses in the global petroleum exploration and its demand in reservoir research[J].Advances in Earth Sciences,2011,26(11):1150-1161.
[11] 张斌.松辽盆地南部张强凹陷义县组火山岩储层特征及成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):508-515. Zhang Bin.Characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of volcanic rocks in the Yixin Formation Zhangqiang depression,southern Songliao Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(4):508-515.
[12] 陈欢庆,蒋平,张丹峰,等.火山岩储层孔隙结构分类与分布评价:以松辽盆地徐东地区营城组一段火山岩储层为例[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,44(4):1453-1463. Chen Huanqing,Jiang Ping,Zhang Danfeng,et al.Pore structure of volcanic reservoir classified and distribution characteristics evaluated:Taking Member 1 of Yingcheng Formation in Xudong Area in Songliao Basin as an example[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2013,44(4):1453-1463.
[13] 高山林,李学万,宋柏荣.辽河盆地欧利坨子地区火山岩储集空间特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(2):173-177. Gao Shanlin,Li Xuewan,Song Bairong.Features of volcanic reservoirs spaces in Oulituozi Region,Liaohe Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2001,22(2):173-177.
[14] 马乾,鄂俊杰,李文华,等.黄骅坳陷北堡地区深层火成岩储层评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(4):337-340. Ma Qian,E Junjie,Li Wenhua,et al.Reservoirs evaluation of deep-seated igneous rocks in Beipu Region,Huanghua Depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2000,21(4):337-340.
[15] 何辉,孔垂显,蒋庆平,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘二叠系火山岩储层裂缝发育特征及分布预测——以金龙2井区佳木河组为例[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(5):1278-1288. He Hui,Kong Chuixian,Jiang Qinping,et al.Fracture Characterization and prediction of Permian volcanic reservoir in Northwestern Margin of Junggar Basin:A Case from Jiamuhe Formation of Jinlong 2 Oil Field[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2015,45(5):1278-1288.
[16] 匡立春.克拉玛依油田5-8区二叠系佳木河组火成岩岩性识别[J].石油与天然气地质,1990,11(2):195-201. Kuang Lichun.Distinguishing of volcanics lithology in Jiamuhe Formation of Permian System,5-8 Districts,Karamay Oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1990,11(2):195-201.
[17] 范存辉,支东明,秦启荣,等.准噶尔盆地小拐地区佳木河组储层特征及主控因素[J].大庆石油学院学报,2012,36(2):48-52. Fan Cunhui,Zhi dongming,Qin Qidong,et al.Characteristics and main controlling factors of reservoirs of Jiamuhe Formation in Xiaoguai Area,Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2012,36(2):48-52.
[18] 吴晓智,蒋宜勤,李佰华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐-五八区佳木河组储层主控因素及发育区预测[J].新疆地质,2010,28(2):174-179. Wu Xiaozhi,Jiang Yiqin,Li Baihua,et al.Predominant factor and forecasting of reservoir of Zhongguai-5-8 Zone's Permian Jiamuhe Formation in northwest margin,Zhungger Basin[J].Xinjiang Geology,2010,28(2):174-179.
[19] 范存辉,李虎,支东明,等.新疆小拐地区二叠系佳木河组裂缝分布规律探讨[J].矿物岩石,2012,32(3),85-93. Fan Cunhui,Li Hu,Zhi Dongming,et al.Study of the fractures distribution and numerical simulation of Jiamuhe Formation of Permian in Xiaoguai Oilfield[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2012,32(3):85-93.
[20] 朱世发,朱筱敏,吴冬,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘下二叠统油气储层中火山物质蚀变及控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(1):77-85. Zhu Shifa,Zhu Xiaomin,Wu Dong,et al.Alteration of volcanics and its controlling factors in the Lower Permian reservoirs at northwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(1):77-85.
[21] 刘俊田,刘媛萍,郭沫贞,等.三塘湖盆地牛东地区石炭系火山岩相储层特征及其成因机理[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(2):64-69. Liu Juntian,Liu Yuanping,Guo Mozhen,et al.Volcanic reservoir characteristics and genetic mechanism of Carboniferous in Niudong area of Santanghu Basin[J].Lithologic Resrrvoirs,2009,21(2):64-69.
[22] 赵海玲,黄微,王成,等.火山岩中脱玻化孔及其对储层的贡献[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):47-52. Zhao Hailing,Huang Wei,Wang Cheng,et al.Micropores from devitrification in volcanic rocks and their contribution to reservoirs[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(1):47-52.
[23] La Felice S,Montanari D,Battaglia S,et al.Fracture permeability and water-rock interaction in a shallow volcanic groundwater reservoir and the concern of its interaction with the deep geothermal reservoir of Mt.Amiata,Italy[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2014,284:95-105.
[24] 孟元林,胡越,李新宁,等.致密火山岩物性影响因素分析与储层质量预测——以马朗-条湖凹陷条湖组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):244-252. Meng Yuanlin,Hu Yue,Li Xinning,et al.Controlling factors on physical property of tight volcanic rocks and reservoir quality prediction:a case study of the Tiaohu Formation in Marlang-Tiaohu Sag[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(2):244-252.
[25] Mao Z G,Zhu R K,Luo J L,et al.Reservoir characteristics,formation mechanisms and petroleum exploration potential of volcanic rocks in China[J].Petroleum Science,2015,12(1):54-66.
[26] 顿铁军.克拉玛依油田五区佳木河组储层研究[J].石油与天然气地质,1989,10(1):59-74. Dun Tiejun.Study on reservoirs of the Jiamuhe Formation in 5th District,Karamy Oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1989,10(1):59-74.
[27] 王璞珺,陈树民,刘万洙,等.松辽盆地火山岩相与火山岩储层的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):18-23. Wang Pujun,Chen Shumin,Liu Wanzhu,et al.Relationship between volcanic facies and volcanic reservoirs in Songliao Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2003,24(1):18-23.
[28] 罗静兰,林潼,杨知胜,等.松辽盆地升平气田营城组火山岩岩相及其储集性能控制因素分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(6):748-757. Luo Jinglan,Lin Tong,Yang Zhisheng,et al.Lithofacies and reservoir quality control factors of volcanics in the Yingcheng Formation in the Shengping gas field in the Songliao Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2008,29(6):748-757.
[29] Wang P,Chen S.Cretaceous volcanic reservoirs and their exploration in the Songliao Basin,northeast China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2015,99(3):499-523.