高温高压条件下碳酸盐岩溶蚀过程控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20170415

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来的油气勘探实践表明深层-超深层碳酸盐岩具有良好的勘探潜力，地层深部碳酸盐岩储层溶解-沉淀过程是制约深层-超深层碳酸盐岩优质储层预测的关键科学问题，对于该过程的研究有助于深入了解油气储集空间孔隙发育机理。通过开展溶蚀-沉淀模拟实验，利用岩相学和地球化学相结合的分析手段查明常温常压到高温高压条件下（~200℃~70 MPa）温度、压力、水岩比、溶液离子等因素对碳酸盐岩溶解-沉淀过程的影响程度和作用机制。实验得到开放系统碳酸盐岩溶蚀窗温度范围为75~150℃，间歇性开放系统碳酸盐岩溶蚀窗温度范围为120~175℃。在开放系统，0.3% CO₂溶液中，方解石溶蚀率明显高于白云石。在半开放系统，0.3% CO₂溶液中，云质灰岩溶蚀率最高。在开放系统，稀硫酸流体中，当温度超过175℃时白云岩溶蚀量超过灰岩，高温条件下硫酸根离子和矿物晶体表面阳离子的络合过程促进了白云岩的溶解。

关键词: 白云岩, 硫酸根, 溶解-沉淀, 表面络合物, 深层-超深层, 碳酸盐岩储层

Abstract: In recent years,deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs have shown great potential in petroleum exploration.However,prediction of high quality deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs is constrained by understanding of the mechanism of carbonate dissolution/precipitation.The study on this process could provide insight into the pore development mechanism of petroleum reservoir space.In this study,we conducted dissolution-precipitation experiments simulating surface to deep burial environments.The effects of temperature,pressure,water-rock ratio and dissolved ions on the carbonate dissolution-precipitation process were investigated under conditions from normal temperature and pressure to high temperature and pressure (~200℃~70 MPa) with a series of petrographic and geochemical analytical methods.The results show that the dissolution window curve occurs between 75~150℃ in the open system,and 120~175℃ in the semi-open system.In the open system with 0.3% CO₂ solution,the dissolution capacity of calcite is significantly higher than that of dolomite,while in the semi-open system with 0.3% CO₂ solution,dolomitic limestone has the highest dissolution capacity.In the open system with diluted H₂SO₄ solution,the dissolution capacity of dolostone surpasses that of limestone when the temperature is over 175℃ due to surface-complexation processes of sulfide and cation.

Key words: dolomite, sulfate, dissolution-precipitation, surface complexation, deep-ultra-deep, carbonate rock reservoir

中图分类号:

TE122.2

丁茜,何治亮,沃玉进,等. 高温高压条件下碳酸盐岩溶蚀过程控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(4): 784-791. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170415 Ding Qian,He Zhiliang,Wo Yujin,et al. Factors controlling carbonate rock dissolution under high temperature and pressure[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(4): 784-791. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170415

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