低渗透砂岩油藏注水诱导裂缝特征及其识别方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W区长6油藏为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20170620

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 1187-1197.doi: 10.11743/ogg20170620

低渗透砂岩油藏注水诱导裂缝特征及其识别方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W区长6油藏为例

赵向原¹, 曾联波², 胡向阳¹, 朱圣举³

1. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249;
3. 中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 西安 710018

收稿日期:2016-09-21 修回日期:2017-09-02 出版日期:2017-12-28 发布日期:2018-01-08
通讯作者: 曾联波(1967-),男,博士、教授,储层裂缝形成、分布及预测。E-mail:lbzeng@sina.com。 E-mail:lbzeng@sina.com
作者简介:赵向原(1983-),男,博士,油气田开发地质。E-mail:auxus@sina.com。
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2017ZX05013-004）。

Characteristics of waterflood induced fracture in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs and its identification methods:A case study from Chang 6 reservoir in W area in Ansai oilfied,Ordos Basin

Zhao Xiangyuan¹, Zeng Lianbo², Hu Xiangyang¹, Zhu Shengju³

1. Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China;
2. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China

Received:2016-09-21 Revised:2017-09-02 Online:2017-12-28 Published:2018-01-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在总结注水诱导裂缝概念的基础上，阐明了注水诱导裂缝的基本特征及形成机理，提出了识别注水诱导裂缝方法，最后利用该方法对鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W地区长6油藏A0井组的注水诱导裂缝进行了识别。注水诱导裂缝为张性裂缝，其规模大、延伸长，渗透率高，纵向上不受单层控制，延伸方位一般与现今地应力的最大水平主应力或者油藏主渗流裂缝方向一致，并随着低渗透油藏注水的推进发生动态变化。长期注水开发过程中，若油井逐渐表现出方向性水淹且含水率变化曲线呈现出阶梯状上升，试井解释具有裂缝渗流特征，同时水淹井对应的注水井吸水剖面逐渐表现为指状吸水且注水指示曲线出现拐点，示踪剂或水驱前缘监测油水井之间表现出良好的连通关系，则可判定在油水井之间形成了注水诱导裂缝。

关键词: 注水诱导裂缝, 注水动态特征, 特低渗透, 砂岩油藏, 安塞油田, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: This paper introduces the principles of waterflood induced fracture,clarifies their basic characteristics and proposes the methods to identify them.Then the waterflood induced fracture of Well A0 group of Chang 6 reservoir in W area in Ansai oilfield,Ordos Basin has been identified by these methods.With larger scale,long extension and high permeability,waterflood induced fracture are tension fractures which are not controlled by single stratum in vertical extension.Their trend direction are generally along the present maximum horizontal principal stress or the main seepage fracture direction.In a long term waterflooding process,the following are clear indications for the establishment of waterflood induced fracture between producer and injector wells:if the oil wells shows a gradually dominant direction of flooding,the water-cut curve presents step-type rise,well test interpretation has the character of fracture seepage,the water injection profile of the injection well gradually presents finger-like water absorption characteristics,inflection point appears in water injection index curve,tracer or water flooding front monitoring showed good connectivity between wells.

Key words: waterflood induced fracture, water flooding dynamic characteristics, extra low-permeability sandstone reservoir, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE348

赵向原,曾联波,胡向阳,等. 低渗透砂岩油藏注水诱导裂缝特征及其识别方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W区长6油藏为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(6): 1187-1197. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170620 Zhao Xiangyuan,Zeng Lianbo,Hu Xiangyang,et al. Characteristics of waterflood induced fracture in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs and its identification methods:A case study from Chang 6 reservoir in W area in Ansai oilfied,Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(6): 1187-1197. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170620

参考文献

[1] 胡文瑞.中国低渗透油气的现状与未来[J].中国工程科学,2009,11(08):29-37. Hu Wenrui.The present and future of low permeability oil and gas in China[J].Engineering Sciences,2009,11(08):29-37.
[2] 曾联波.低渗透砂岩储层裂缝的形成与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008. Zeng Lianbo.Formation and distribution of fractures in low-permeability sandstone reservoir[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2008.
[3] 胡文瑞.低渗透油气田开发概论[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2009. Hu Wenrui.Theory of low permeability reservoir[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[4] 赵向原,曾联波,刘忠群,等.致密砂岩储层中钙质夹层特征及与天然裂缝分布的关系[J].地质论评,2015,61(1):163-171. Zhao Xiangyuan,Zeng Lianbo,Liu Zhongqun,et al.Characteristics of calcareous interbeds and their impact on the distribution of natural fractures in tight sandstone reservoirs[J].Geological Review,2015,61(1):163-171.
[5] 巩磊,曾联波,李娟,等.南襄盆地安棚浅、中层系特低渗储层裂缝特征及其与深层系裂缝对比[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(5):778-784. Gong Lei,Zeng Lianbo,Li Juan,et al.Features of fractures in shallow-to mid-depth reservoirs with ultra-low permeability and their comparison with those in deep reservoirs in Anpeng oilfield,the Nanxiang Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(5):778-784.
[6] 刘子良,梁春秀.松辽盆地南部构造裂缝成因机制及分布方向[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(05):83-85. Liu Ziliang,Liang Chunxiu.Genetic mechanism and distribution direction of tectonic fractures in southern Songliao Basin[J].Pertroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(05):83-85.
[7] 赵向原,曾联波,王晓东,等.鄂尔多斯盆地宁县-合水地区长6、长7、长8储层裂缝差异性及开发意义[J].地质科学,2015,50(1):274-285. Zhao Xiangyuan,Zeng Lianbo,Zu Kewei,et al.Brittleness characteristics and its control on natural fractures in tight reservoirs:A case study from Chang 7 tight reservoir in Longdong area of the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(1):62-71.
[8] 曾联波,李忠兴,史成恩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组特低渗透砂岩储层裂缝特征及成因[J].地质学报,2007,81(02):174-180. Zeng Lianbo,Li Zhongxing,Shi Chengen,et al.Characteristics and origin of fractures in the extra low-permeability sandstone reservoirs of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geological Sinica,2007,81(02):174-180.
[9] 赵向原,曾联波,靳宝光,等.裂缝性低渗透砂岩油藏合理注水压力[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(5):855-861. Zhao Xiangyuan,Zeng Lianbo,Jin Baoguang,et al.Discussion on optimal injection pressure of fractured low-permeability sandstone reservoirs-A case study from Wangyao Block in Ansai oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2015,36(5):855-861.
[10] 曾联波,巩磊,祖克威,等.柴达木盆地西部古近系储层裂缝有效性的影响因素[J].地质学报,2012,86(11):1809-1814. Zeng Lianbo,Gong Lei,Zu Kewei,et al.Influence factors on fracture validity of the Paleogene reservoir,western Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(11):1809-1814.
[11] 涂彬,丁祖鹏,刘月田.火烧山油田H_3层裂缝发育特征与剩余油分布关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2011(02):229-235. Tu Bin,Ding Zupeng,Liu Yuetian.Correlation of remaining oil distribution and fracture development in H-3 reservoir of Huoshaoshan oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(2):229-235.
[12] 曾联波,郑聪斌.陕甘宁盆地延长统区域裂缝的形成及其油气地质意义[J].中国区域地质,1999,18(04):391-396. Zeng Lianbo,Deng Congbin.Origin of the regional fracturing in Yanchang epoch,Shanganning basin,significance for geology of oil and gas[J].Regional Geology of China,1999,18(4):391-396.
[13] 武富礼,李文厚,李玉宏,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组三角洲沉积及演化[J].古地理学报,2004,6(03):307-315. Wu Fuli,Li Wenhou,Li Yuhong,et al.Delta sediments and evolution of the Yanchang Formation of Upper Triassic in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2004,6(03):307-315.
[14] 赵振宇,郭彦如,王艳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化及古地理特征研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(05):15-20. Zhao Zhenyu,Guo Yanru,Wang Yan,et al.Study progress in tectonic evolution and paleogeography of Ordos Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2012,19(05):15-20.
[15] 朱玉双,曲志浩,孔令荣,等.安塞油田坪桥区、王窑区长6油层储层特征及驱油效率分析[J].沉积学报,2000,18(02):279-283. Zhu Yushuang,Qu Zhihao,Kong Lingrong,et al.Analysis of oil displacement efficiency of Chang 6 Reservoir in Wangyao and Pingqiao Areas of Ansai Oilfield[J].Acta Sendimentological Sinica,2000,18(02):279-283.
[16] 喻建,杨亚娟,杜金良.鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长组湖侵期沉积特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(02):181-187. Yu Jian,Yang Yajuan,Du Jinliang.Sedimentation during the transgression period in Late Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(02):181-187.
[17] 王平.有天然裂缝的砂岩油藏的开发[J].石油学报,1993,14(04):69-75. Wang Ping.Development of sandstone reservoir with naturel fractures[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993,14(04):69-75.
[18] 李士祥,邓秀芹,庞锦莲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中生界油气成藏与构造运动的关系[J].沉积学报,2010,28(04):798-807. Li Shixiang,Deng Xiuqin,Pang Jinlian,et al.Relationship between petroleum accumulation of Mesozoic and tectonic movement in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(4):798-807.
[19] Hagoort J,Weatherill B D,Settari A.Modeling the propagation of waterflood-induced hydraulic fractures[J].SPE 7412,1980.
[20] Kuo M C T,Hanson H G,DesBrisay C L.Prediction of fracture extension during waterflood operations[J].SPE 12769,1984.
[21] Perkins T K,Gonzalez J A.The effect of thermo-elastic stresses on injection well fracturing[J].SPE 11332,1982.
[22] HTEitvik P,Skoglunn T,Settari A.Waterflood-Induced Fracturing:water injection above parting pressure at Valhall[J].SPE 24912,1992.
[23] Bryant S L,Paruchuri R K,Saripalli K P.Flow and solute transport around injection wells through a single,growing fracture[J].Advances in Water Resources.2003,26(8):803-813.
[24] 郭恩昌,胡靖邦.注水井周围压力梯度对地应力的影响[J].石油钻采工艺,1988,10(3):79-86. Guo Enchang,Hu Jingbang.The effects on the earth stress during fracturing[J].Oil Drilling & Production Technology,1988,10(3):79-86.
[25] 李中林,张建利.低渗透砂岩油藏注水井吸水特征及吸水能力变化规律认识[J].吐哈油气,1997,2(04):33-42. Li Zhonglin,Zhang Jianli.Water absorption characteristics and the change rules of water absorption capacity of injection wells in low permeability sandstone reservoirs[J].Tuha Oil & Gas,1997,2(04):33-42.
[26] 郭伦文,李洪建,蔡树行,等.注水对诱导裂缝的影响因素研究[J].化学工程与装备,2010,(06):8-10. Guo Lunwen,Li Hongjian,Cai Shuxing.Study on the influence factors of water injection on induced fracture[J].Chemical Engineering & Equipment,2010,(06):8-10.
[27] 刘洪,张仕强,钟水清,等.裂缝性油藏注水开发水淹力学机理研究[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(04):57-60. Liu Hong,Zhang Shiqiang,Zhong Shuiqing,et al.Study on the mechanics mechanism of watered-out in waterflooding fractured reservoir[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2006,29(4):57-60.
[28] 曾联波,史成恩,王永康,等.鄂尔多斯盆地特低渗透砂岩储层裂缝压力敏感性及其开发意义[J].中国工程科学,2007,9(11):35-38. Zeng Lianbo,Shi chengen,Wanf Yongkang,et al.The pressure sensitivity of fractures and its development significance for extra low-permeability sandstone reservoirs in Ordos Basin[J].Engineering Science,2007,11(9):35-38.
[29] 刘洪涛,曾联波,房宝才,等.裂缝对大庆台肇地区低渗透砂岩储层注水的影响[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(04):74-78. Liu Hongtao,Zeng Lianbo,Fang Baocai,et al.Influence of fractures on injection for low-permeability sandstone reservoir in Taizhao area,Daqing Oilfield[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum(Science and Technology),China,2005,29(04):74-78.
[30] 陈淑利,孙庆和,宋正江.特低渗透裂缝型储层注水开发中后期地应力场变化及开发对策[J].现代地质,2008,22(04):647-654. Chen Shuli,Sun Qinghe,Song Zhengjiang.Changes if ground stress field and development policy in water half period of water injection for the extremely low permeability reservoirs with fracture[J].Geoscience,2008,22(04):647-654.
[31] 韩忠英,程远方,王京印.裂缝扩展注水技术中的裂缝扩展规律研究[J].石油钻探技术,2011,39(06):82-85. Han Zhongying,Cheng Yuanfang,Wang jingyin.Fracture propagation in water injection above fracture propagation pressure[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2011,39(06):82-85.
[32] 吴志宇.安塞特低渗透油田开发稳产技术.北京:石油工业出版社,2013. Wu Zhiyu.Stable yield technology in development of Ansai low-permeability oilfield[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.
[33] 廖新维,沈平平.现代试井分析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002. Liao Xinwei,Shen Pingping.Modern Well Test Analysis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.
[34] 陈耀武,冯其红,陈月明,等.井组示踪剂产出曲线组合解释方法研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,31(4):74-77. Chen Yaowu,Feng Qihong,Chen Yueming,et al.Combination interpretation method for well-group tracer production curves[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(4):74-77.
[35] 张毅,姜瑞忠,郑小权.井间示踪剂分析技术[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(2):76-78. Zhang Yi,Jiang Ruizhong,Zheng Xiaoquan.Analysis technology of interwell tracer[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Naturnal Science,2001,25(2):76-78.
[36] Wulff A M,Mjaaland S.Seismic monitoring of fluid fronts:An experimental study.Geophysics,2002,67(1):221-229.

低渗透砂岩油藏注水诱导裂缝特征及其识别方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W区长6油藏为例

Characteristics of waterflood induced fracture in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs and its identification methods:A case study from Chang 6 reservoir in W area in Ansai oilfied,Ordos Basin

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	党伟, 张金川, 王凤琴, 李沛, 单长安, 王睿婧. 富有机质页岩-水蒸气吸附热力学与动力学特性——以鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系山西组页岩为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 173-185.
[2]	范柏江, 梅启亮, 王小军, 孟越, 黄启江. 泥岩与页岩地化特征对比——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞地区延长组7段为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1119-1128.
[3]	肖正录, 陈世加, 刘广林, 王攀, 唐隆祥, 刘章昊. 有限充注动力背景下致密储层油水差异成藏再认识——以鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组8段为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1129-1138.
[4]	何发岐, 梁承春, 陆骋, 袁春艳, 黎小伟. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘过渡带致密-低渗油藏断缝体的识别与描述[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4): 710-718.
[5]	李士祥, 牛小兵, 柳广弟, 李继宏, 孙明亮, 游富粮, 何昊楠. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段页岩油形成富集机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4): 719-729.
[6]	郑定业, 庞雄奇, 姜福杰, 刘铁树, 邵新荷, 李龙龙, 呼延钰莹, 国芳馨. 鄂尔多斯盆地临兴地区上古生界致密气成藏特征及物理模拟[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(4): 744-754.
[7]	曾联波, 吕鹏, 屈雪峰, 樊建明. 致密低渗透储层多尺度裂缝及其形成地质条件[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(3): 449-454.
[8]	赵向原, 吕文雅, 王策, 朱圣举, 樊建明. 低渗透砂岩油藏注水诱导裂缝发育的主控因素——以鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田W区长6油藏为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(3): 586-595.
[9]	鞠玮, 尤源, 冯胜斌, 徐浩然, 张晓丽, 王胜宇. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组致密砂岩储层层理缝特征及成因[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(3): 596-605.
[10]	董少群, 吕文雅, 夏东领, 王世佳, 杜相仪, 王涛, 伍岳, 管聪. 致密砂岩储层多尺度裂缝三维地质建模方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(3): 627-637.
[11]	蔡振家, 雷裕红, 罗晓容, 王香增, 程明, 张丽霞, 姜呈馥, 赵谦平, 尹锦涛, 张立宽. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南部延长组7段页岩有机孔发育特征及其影响因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(2): 367-379.
[12]	冯程, 樊海涛, 石玉江, 陈雪昆, 李高仁, 毛志强. 润湿性影响下低渗透储层地层水矿化度预测——以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组长8¹段为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(2): 442-448.
[13]	何治亮, 马永生, 张军涛, 朱东亚, 钱一雄, 丁茜, 陈代钊. 中国的白云岩与白云岩储层:分布、成因与控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(1): 1-14.
[14]	沈安江, 陈娅娜, 张建勇, 倪新锋, 周进高, 吴兴宁. 中国古老小克拉通台内裂陷特征及石油地质意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(1): 15-25.
[15]	罗清清, 刘波, 姜伟民, 于进鑫, 刘诗琦, 王远翀, 魏柳斌, 蔡郑红. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部奥陶系马家沟组五段白云岩储层成岩作用及孔隙演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(1): 102-115.