深层碳酸盐岩差异成岩作用对油气分层聚集的影响——以塔里木盆地塔中隆起北斜坡鹰山组为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20190502

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔中隆起北斜坡鹰山组碳酸盐岩厚度大、埋藏深，经历了多期、多种成岩作用改造。基于岩心和岩石薄片观察、测井资料解释及地震属性反演识别裂缝，结合录井和试油资料统计分析，发现鹰山组岩溶储集层段经历了多期溶蚀作用和构造破裂作用，储集空间建设性改造强烈，相对应的胶结-充填作用相对较弱；相邻致密段的形成主要源于强烈的胶结作用和充填作用，而相对应的溶蚀作用明显偏弱，该段的电阻率明显高于相邻储集层段，故称为“高阻层”，构成识别致密层的重要标志。相邻碳酸盐岩储集层段与致密盖层段在成岩作用方面存在着显著的差异，正是差异成岩作用导致了厚层碳酸盐岩内幕多套储-盖组合的形成。垂向上多个缝洞发育段（储集层）与致密段（盖层）间互，形成叠置分布的多套储-盖组合，由此导致厚层碳酸盐岩内幕发育多个含油气层段。横向上，受制于碳酸盐岩的非均质性以及走滑断裂的分割作用，岩溶储集层段及致密高阻层延展性受到制约。因此，鹰山组油气分布不仅具有纵向分层，同时具有横向分区的特点。

关键词: 差异成岩作用, 致密段(高阻层), 碳酸盐岩, 鹰山组, 塔中隆起北斜坡, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: The carbonate rock reservoir on the northern slope of Yingshan Formation,Tazhong uplift,has undergone multistage diagenetic modifications of various kinds,featuring large thickness and deep burial depth.Based on the observation of core and thin section,the interpretation of well-logging data and the fracture identification by seismic attribute inversion,combined with the statistical analysis of logging and formation testing data,we found that the karst reservoir of the Yingshan Formation has gone through multistage dissolution and tectonic fracturing,and the reservoir space has experienced intensive,constructive rework,while the destructive cementation-filling is relatively weak.In comparison,the adjacent tight interval is mainly caused by intensive cementation and filling,and because the interval is remarkably weak in dissolution,its electric resistivity is significantly higher than that of adjacent reservoir intervals.So it is called "high-resistivity interval",a diagnostic character to identify tight layers.There are significant differences in diagenesis between the carbonate reservoirs and its adjacent tight caprocks.It is the differential diagenesis that results in the formation of multiple reservoir-caprock assemblages inside thick-bedded carbonate units.Vertically,multiple fracture-cavity sections (reservoir) alternate with tight sections (caprocks),having formed multiple superimposing reservoir-caprock assemblages.This has led to multiple hydrocarbon-bearing zones in the thick-bedded carbonate unit.Horizontally,due to the heterogeneity of carbonate rocks and the segmentation of strike-slip faults,the distribution of both karst reservoirs and tight high-resistivity caprock is restricted,leading to the hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in the Yingshan Formation characterized by vertical zonation and lateral compartmentalization.

Key words: differential diagenesis, tight layer (high-resistivity interval), carbonate rock, Yingshan Formation, northern slope of Tazhong uplift, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

吕修祥,陈佩佩,陈坤,等. 深层碳酸盐岩差异成岩作用对油气分层聚集的影响——以塔里木盆地塔中隆起北斜坡鹰山组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(5): 957-971. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190502 Lyu Xiuxiang,Chen Peipei,Chen Kun,et al. Effects of differential diagenesis of deep carbonate rocks on hydrocarbon zonation and accumulation: A case study of Yingshan Formation on northern slope of Tazhong uplift,Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(5): 957-971. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190502

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