致密油藏压裂水平井缝网系统评价方法——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20200617

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

压裂水平井缝网系统评价是致密油藏高效开发的关键。针对目前缺乏完善的评价方法这一现状，基于动态反演理论建立了一种致密油藏压裂水平井缝网系统评价方法。首先，基于致密油渗流特征和缝网形态，考虑了非均匀缝网和弱补给等复杂因素，推导了其试井数学模型。利用解析方法获得了其井底压力解，并建立了压裂水平井缝网系统评价方法。其次，为验证评价方法的可靠性，以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区为例，开展了实例应用分析。结果表明，复杂缝网水平井流动阶段包括井筒储集效应和表皮效应阶段、裂缝双线性流、裂缝线性流、压裂改造区窜流、压裂受效区线性流和拟稳态流阶段。同时发现，经过压裂改造后，实例井附近形成了主裂缝和压裂改造区，主裂缝半长为135 m，导流能力为118.87×10^-3 μm²；次裂缝网络储容比为6.30%~17.99%，压裂改造区渗透率为100.8×10^-3 μm²。本次研究工作为致密油藏参数反演、压裂评价及动态监测提供了理论基础。

关键词: 试井模型, 动态反演, 缝网系统, 压裂水平井, 致密油, 吉木萨尔地区, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract:

Evaluation of fracture-network systems along fractured horizontal wells is vital to an efficient development of tight-oil reservoirs.Given the lack of efficient evaluation means, we propose a method based on the dynamic inversion theory for the evaluation of fracture networks along fractured horizontal wells in tight-oil reservoirs.To begin with, a mathematical model of well testing that takes into consideration the nonhomogeneous and insufficient fluid supply of the networks is developed based on seepage activities and fracture network geometry.The bottom pressure of wells is obtained through an analytical method from the mathematical model and then used to establish a method for evaluating the fracture-networks.Subsequently, a field application in Jimusar tight oil reservoirs in the Junggar Basin is performed to prove the reliability of the method.The results show that the flow stages in the fracture networks of horizontal wells in the reservoirs involve the wellbore storage and skin effects, fracture bilinear flow, formation linear flow as well as fluid channeling, linear and quasi-stable flow in stimulated areas.It is also found that after fracturing, networks composed of major hydraulic fractures with a half-length of 135 m and a conductivity of 118.87×10^-3 μm² are generated near wellbores.The storability of the minor fracture networks ranges between 6.30% and 17.99%, and the permeability of the stimulated areas is 100.8×10^-3 μm².This study provides a theoretical basis for research works or operations such as reservoir parameter inversion, fracturing evaluation and dynamic monitoring of tight oil reservoirs in the Junggar Basin.

Key words: well test model, dynamic inversion, fractured network system, fractured horizontal well, tight oil, Jimusar area, Junggar Basin

中图分类号:

TE319

陈志明,陈昊枢,廖新维,等. 致密油藏压裂水平井缝网系统评价方法——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔地区为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1288-1298. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200617 Zhiming Chen,Haoshu Chen,Xinwei Liao,et al. Evaluation of fracture networks along fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs:A case study of Jimusar oilfield in the Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1288-1298. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200617

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储层类型	参数	数值
原始储层	初始压力/MPa	30
	厚度/m	10
	孔隙度/%	10
	综合压缩系数/ MPa^-1	0.001
主裂缝	裂缝间距/m	200
	裂缝数目/条	30
	裂缝半长/m	100
	裂缝导流能力/(10^-3 μm²·m)	1.2
压裂改造区	改造区渗透率/(10^-3μm²)	1
	次裂缝网络储容比	0.2
	基质窜流系数	10
压裂受效区	半径/m	200
压裂受效区	孔隙度/%	10

储层类型	参数	数值
原始储层	初始压力/MPa	40.03
	厚度/m	10.1
	孔隙度/%	11
	渗透率/(10^-3 μm²)	0.013
	综合压缩系数/MPa^-1	0.001 02
	无因次应力敏感系数	5.0×10^-5
	无因次补给阻力系数	57.4
主裂缝	裂缝间距/m	15.66
	裂缝数目/条	79
	裂缝半长/m	135
	裂缝导流能力/(10^-3 μm²·m)	118.87
压裂改造区	改造区渗透率/(10^-3 μm²)	100.8
	非均匀次裂缝网络储容比/%	6.30 ~ 17.99
	平均次裂缝网络储容比/%	11.58
	非均匀基质窜流系数	1.93×10^-2~5.54×10^-2
	平均基质窜流系数	3.74×10^-2
压裂受效区	受效区半宽/m	335.54
压裂受效区	受效区渗透率/(10^-3 μm²)	1.71

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