石油与天然气地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 390-406.doi: 10.11743/ogg20220212
收稿日期:
2021-07-02
修回日期:
2022-01-18
出版日期:
2022-04-01
发布日期:
2022-03-11
第一作者简介:
刘晓宁(1996—),男,硕士研究生,沉积学。E?mail: 基金项目:
Xiaoning Liu(), Zaixing Jiang, Xiaodong Yuan, Chen Chen, Cheng Wang
Received:
2021-07-02
Revised:
2022-01-18
Online:
2022-04-01
Published:
2022-03-11
摘要:
滦页1井压裂试产成功地开采出工业性页岩油气,使滦平盆地中生代白垩系西瓜园组成为该地区目前勘探研究的重点层位。近期的对滦页1井的岩石学研究表明,生油层发现有细粒火山物质沉积,并与页岩油气生成和聚集存在紧密关系。因而探明火山细粒物质与页岩油气形成的关系成为新的命题。以滦平盆地西瓜园组下段为研究层位,结合岩心、薄片、测井、X衍射和地化测试数据等资料,对含凝灰质细粒沉积岩的沉积特征和有机质发育情况进行分析,旨在为该地区页岩油气的进一步勘探开发提供理论支持。西瓜园组下段受火山-湖泊作用控制,发育湖相泥页岩、受火山活动影响的含凝灰质细粒沉积岩、火山相的安山岩以及火山碎屑岩等。结果显示,泥页岩的平均总有机碳含量(TOC)为0.64 %,平均S1+S2含量为0.41 mg/g;含凝灰质细粒沉积岩的平均TOC为1.92 %,平均S1+S2含量为2.64 mg/g。含凝灰质细粒沉积岩层位有机质含量明显更富集。细粒火山物质发育的层段中大量发育草莓状黄铁矿,同时Pr/Ph较小,V/(V+Ni)偏大也指示了火山喷发后强还原的水体环境,及火山细粒物质沉积后快速埋藏都有利于有机质的保存。湖相碳酸盐岩发育,与纹层状富有机质泥岩、凝灰岩交互,层间裂缝利于油气的运移,凝灰岩纹层和白云岩纹层提供了储集空间。页岩油气具有源-储一体的特点,细粒火山物质的存在从有机质的富集和成烃演化到油气的储集、保存条件都产生了积极的作用。
中图分类号:
表1
滦平盆地滦页1井样品实验内容"
样品 编号 | 深度/m | 岩性 | 岩石 热解 分析 | 镜质体 反射率 (Ro) | 全岩 衍射 分析 | 有机碳 稳定 同位素 | 微量 元素 分析 | 样品 编号 | 深度/m | 岩性 | 岩石 热解 分析 | 镜质体 反射率 (Ro) | 全岩 衍射 分析 | 有机碳 稳定 同位素 | 微量 元素 分析 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 704.30 | 泥页岩 | √ | 35 | 985.30 | 粉砂质白云岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
2 | 704.67 | 泥页岩 | √ | √ | 36 | 992.85 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
3 | 713.55 | 泥页岩 | √ | 37 | 999.70 | 白云岩 | √ | ||||||||
4 | 713.75 | 泥页岩 | √ | 38 | 1 005.70 | 白云质混合细粒岩 | √ | ||||||||
5 | 729.65 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | 39 | 1 013.15 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
6 | 773.30 | 泥质粉砂岩 | √ | √ | √ | 40 | 1 016.65 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | √ | ||||
7 | 777.50 | 泥质粉砂岩 | √ | 41 | 1 022.68 | 白云岩 | √ | ||||||||
8 | 781.60 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | 42 | 1 028.20 | 粉砂质白云岩 | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
9 | 782.50 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | 43 | 1 032.92 | 粉砂岩 | √ | ||||||||
10 | 798.00 | 泥页岩 | √ | 44 | 1 041.50 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | √ | ||||||
11 | 799.52 | 泥页岩 | √ | 45 | 1 046.32 | 白云质粉砂岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
12 | 808.20 | 泥页岩 | √ | 46 | 1 122.20 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
13 | 808.56 | 泥页岩 | √ | 47 | 1 122.88 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
14 | 811.30 | 泥页岩 | √ | √ | 48 | 1 126.27 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | |||||||
15 | 822.16 | 泥页岩 | √ | 49 | 1 126.27 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | ||||||||
16 | 822.26 | 泥页岩 | √ | 50 | 1 128.40 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
17 | 831.40 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | 51 | 1 129.33 | 泥页岩 | √ | ||||||||
18 | 837.18 | 粉砂岩 | √ | 52 | 1 129.80 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
19 | 837.20 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | √ | 53 | 1 135.20 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | ||||||
20 | 847.10 | 泥质粉砂岩 | √ | √ | 54 | 1 136.70 | 凝灰岩 | √ | √ | √ | |||||
21 | 868.17 | 粘土型混合细粒岩 | √ | 55 | 1 136.73 | 凝灰岩 | √ | ||||||||
22 | 869.45 | 粘土型混合细粒岩 | √ | 56 | 1 147.00 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | ||||||||
23 | 877.73 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | 57 | 1 150.19 | 泥页岩 | √ | ||||||||
24 | 881.32 | 白云岩 | √ | √ | 58 | 1 153.67 | 粉砂质白云岩 | √ | |||||||
25 | 911.36 | 白云质混合细粒岩 | √ | 59 | 1 157.88 | 粉砂质白云岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
26 | 911.40 | 白云质混合细粒岩 | √ | 60 | 1 167.12 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
27 | 921.15 | 白云岩 | √ | √ | 61 | 1 173.01 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | |||||||
28 | 928.60 | 泥质粉砂岩 | √ | 62 | 1 175.04 | 泥页岩 | √ | ||||||||
29 | 945.45 | 白云岩 | √ | 63 | 1 175.80 | 泥页岩 | √ | √ | |||||||
30 | 947.30 | 白云岩 | √ | 64 | 1 176.20 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | ||||||||
31 | 956.80 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | 65 | 1 180.51 | 泥质粉砂岩 | √ | |||||||
32 | 975.90 | 粉砂岩 | √ | √ | 66 | 1 243.90 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | |||||||
33 | 976.02 | 粉砂质泥页岩 | √ | 67 | 1 249.25 | 粉砂岩 | √ | ||||||||
34 | 982.45 | 粉砂质白云岩 | √ | √ | √ | √ | 68 | 1 254.63 | 长英质混合细粒岩 | √ | √ | √ |
表2
滦平盆地滦页1井西瓜园组下段细粒沉积岩矿物成分百分含量(%)"
样品编号 | 井深/m | 赤铁矿 | 硬石膏 | 方沸石 | 石英 | 钾长石 | 斜长石 | 方解石 | 铁白云石 | 白云石 | 黄铁矿 | 斜发沸石 | 粘土矿物总量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 729.65 | 0 | 0.9 | 0 | 16.4 | 3.7 | 22.1 | 7.2 | 0 | 3.2 | 0 | 0 | 46.5 |
6 | 773.30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37.4 | 8.4 | 18.4 | 9.5 | 0 | 2.4 | 0 | 0 | 23.9 |
14 | 811.30 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 14.8 | 6.7 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 0 | 2.0 | 0 | 0 | 59.3 |
19 | 837.20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19.1 | 9.3 | 52.4 | 0.4 | 0 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 12.6 |
20 | 847.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18.7 | 7.4 | 18.3 | 8.5 | 0 | 4.7 | 0.3 | 0 | 42.1 |
24 | 881.32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | 3.3 | 11.4 | 0.2 | 0 | 83.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | 921.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.8 | 6.4 | 28.2 | 0.1 | 0 | 50.0 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 |
31 | 956.80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18.4 | 11.5 | 50.7 | 3.1 | 0 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 0 | 11.8 |
32 | 975.90 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33.4 | 2.5 | 22.4 | 5.5 | 18.6 | 0 | 1.7 | 0 | 15.9 |
34 | 982.45 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16.9 | 6.3 | 23.5 | 8.5 | 35.3 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 7.6 |
35 | 985.30 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 14.2 | 6.8 | 22.6 | 9.2 | 34.1 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 11.4 |
36 | 992.85 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.8 | 6.4 | 39.4 | 1.6 | 31.9 | 0 | 3.3 | 0 | 8.6 |
37 | 999.70 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.2 | 5.2 | 12.5 | 1.8 | 59.1 | 0 | 5.6 | 0 | 6.6 |
39 | 1 013.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17.9 | 4.0 | 36.1 | 3.7 | 22.6 | 0 | 3.3 | 0 | 12.4 |
40 | 1 016.65 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.4 | 15.8 | 23.8 | 5.2 | 0 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 0 | 21.9 |
41 | 1 022.68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 12.8 | 0.1 | 71.0 | 0 | 1.5 | 0 | 6.1 |
43 | 1 032.92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.1 | 15.3 | 26.9 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 0 | 2.9 | 0 | 18.4 |
44 | 1 041.50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25.5 | 10.2 | 21.3 | 7.9 | 0 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 1.5 | 23.7 |
67 | 1 249.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29.2 | 35.8 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 0 | 1.6 | 5.2 | 0 | 11.3 |
68 | 1 254.63 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.1 | 6.6 | 13.2 | 29.4 | 0 | 2.9 | 4.1 | 0 | 19.7 |
表3
滦平盆地滦页1井西瓜园组下段泥岩与含凝灰质细粒沉积岩有机质丰度"
样品编号 | 深度/m | TOC/% | (S1+S2) /(mg·g-1) | Tmax/℃ | 样品编号 | 深度/m | TOC/% | (S1+S2) /(mg·g-1) | Tmax/℃ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 704.30 | 0.75 | 0.370 4 | 446.7 | 33 | 976.02 | 2.45 | 4.690 0 | 437.0 |
2 | 704.67 | 1.10 | 0.450 0 | 448.0 | 34 | 982.45 | 2.97 | 3.572 6 | 457.1 |
3 | 713.55 | 0.43 | 0.076 9 | 561.7 | 35 | 985.30 | 1.77 | 1.972 7 | 457.1 |
4 | 713.75 | 0.28 | 0.030 0 | 466.0 | 36 | 992.85 | 1.90 | 1.905 6 | 463.5 |
8 | 781.60 | 0.47 | 0.062 5 | 460.1 | 39 | 1 013.15 | 1.22 | 1.095 6 | 455.2 |
9 | 782.50 | 0.62 | 0.150 0 | 458.0 | 42 | 1 028.20 | 1.52 | 2.480 4 | 447.0 |
10 | 798.00 | 0.62 | 0.339 4 | 451.3 | 44 | 1 041.50 | 0.55 | 0.264 8 | 448.5 |
11 | 799.52 | 1.34 | 0.650 0 | 451.0 | 45 | 1 046.32 | 2.98 | 4.850 0 | 461.0 |
12 | 808.20 | 0.32 | 0.010 0 | 476.0 | 46 | 1 122.20 | 1.66 | 2.360 0 | 466.0 |
13 | 808.56 | 0.36 | 0.147 0 | 562.2 | 47 | 1 122.88 | 1.98 | 2.166 8 | 457.8 |
14 | 811.30 | 0.35 | 0.155 6 | 561.7 | 48 | 1 126.27 | 1.70 | 3.180 0 | 447.0 |
15 | 822.16 | 0.35 | 0.050 0 | 550.0 | 49 | 1 126.27 | 1.69 | 2.140 2 | 452.0 |
16 | 822.26 | 0.38 | 0.137 1 | 562.0 | 51 | 1 129.33 | 1.91 | 2.610 0 | 461.0 |
18 | 837.18 | 0.90 | 0.515 3 | 458.6 | 52 | 1 129.80 | 2.44 | 5.564 1 | 444.6 |
20 | 847.10 | 0.22 | 0.139 2 | 468.2 | 53 | 1 135.20 | 2.07 | 2.044 3 | 452.7 |
21 | 868.17 | 1.35 | 2.237 0 | 447.0 | 54 | 1 136.70 | 2.96 | 3.497 8 | 455.2 |
22 | 869.45 | 0.84 | 0.360 0 | 446.0 | 55 | 1 136.73 | 2.34 | 2.920 0 | 465.0 |
23 | 877.73 | 0.42 | 0.120 0 | 474.0 | 57 | 1 150.19 | 1.81 | 2.732 8 | 453.2 |
24 | 881.32 | 0.34 | 0.335 9 | 453.1 | 58 | 1 153.67 | 1.42 | 1.905 7 | 454.8 |
25 | 911.36 | 1.87 | 2.260 0 | 457.0 | 60 | 1 167.12 | 2.02 | 2.760 0 | 468.0 |
26 | 911.40 | 1.69 | 2.234 3 | 450.6 | 61 | 1 173.01 | 1.75 | 1.520 0 | 448.0 |
29 | 945.45 | 1.82 | 2.923 5 | 447.5 | 62 | 1 175.04 | 0.50 | 0.210 0 | 449.0 |
30 | 947.30 | 1.57 | 2.750 0 | 437.0 | 63 | 1 175.80 | 0.68 | 0.952 2 | 461.3 |
31 | 956.80 | 1.59 | 2.313 0 | 453.3 | 64 | 1 176.20 | 1.66 | 1.569 5 | 455.7 |
32 | 975.90 | 2.09 | 3.060 5 | 455.1 | 65 | 1 180.51 | 1.70 | 2.050 0 | 459.0 |
表5
滦平盆地滦页1井规则甾烷C27—C29含量"
样品编号 | 深度/m | C27甾烷含量/% | C28甾烷含量/% | C29甾烷含量/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 773.30 | 34.19 | 30.62 | 35.19 |
19 | 837.20 | 48.72 | 29.38 | 21.90 |
27 | 921.15 | 29.26 | 25.19 | 45.55 |
34 | 982.45 | 55.60 | 25.09 | 19.31 |
36 | 992.85 | 37.40 | 22.61 | 39.99 |
40 | 1 016.65 | 40.83 | 23.64 | 35.53 |
42 | 1 028.20 | 36.33 | 27.36 | 36.31 |
44 | 1 041.50 | 35.09 | 28.65 | 36.25 |
47 | 1 122.88 | 38.87 | 26.29 | 34.84 |
50 | 1 128.40 | 51.44 | 26.21 | 22.35 |
52 | 1 129.80 | 44.84 | 12.68 | 42.48 |
54 | 1 136.70 | 32.71 | 30.80 | 36.49 |
59 | 1 157.88 | 40.58 | 24.55 | 34.87 |
68 | 1 254.63 | 50.41 | 30.86 | 18.72 |
表6
滦平盆地滦页1井西瓜园组下段微量元素含量"
样品编号 | 深度/m | 微量元素含量/(μg·g-1) | V/(V+Ni) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cr | Ni | V | Mo | |||
7 | 777.50 | 63.58 | 26.53 | 83.30 | 0.49 | 0.76 |
17 | 831.40 | 63.12 | 29.57 | 90.22 | 0.70 | 0.75 |
28 | 928.60 | 190.41 | 42.14 | 128.24 | 0.65 | 0.75 |
36 | 992.85 | 58.89 | 26.61 | 75.96 | 36.10 | 0.74 |
38 | 1 005.70 | 94.45 | 31.79 | 82.97 | 11.95 | 0.72 |
42 | 1 028.20 | 35.39 | 23.96 | 63.78 | 8.18 | 0.73 |
50 | 1 128.40 | 49.37 | 25.88 | 78.83 | 4.74 | 0.75 |
54 | 1 136.70 | 81.59 | 30.82 | 96.07 | 1.60 | 0.76 |
59 | 1 157.88 | 54.13 | 25.87 | 80.13 | 27.15 | 0.76 |
66 | 1 243.90 | 49.99 | 27.56 | 97.20 | 14.42 | 0.78 |
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