石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 651-661.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230310
吴克强1(), 解习农2, 裴健翔1, 任建业2, 尤丽1, 姜涛2, 权永彬2
收稿日期:
2023-02-16
修回日期:
2023-03-20
出版日期:
2023-06-01
发布日期:
2023-06-05
第一作者简介:
吴克强(1970—),男,教授级高级工程师,石油地质综合研究与管理。E-mail:基金项目:
Keqiang WU1(), Xinong XIE2, Jianxiang PEI1, Jianye REN2, Li YOU1, Tao JIANG2, Yongbin QUAN2
Received:
2023-02-16
Revised:
2023-03-20
Online:
2023-06-01
Published:
2023-06-05
摘要:
南海北部被动陆缘盆地是中国海域重要的油气基地。以琼东南盆地为例,通过大量地震、钻井资料的综合分析,从被动陆缘深部地壳形变与盆地充填耦合的角度,揭示了超伸展陆缘裂谷盆地沉积充填特点及地层样式。研究表明,位于南海西北次海盆西延长线上的琼东南盆地属于夭折型陆缘裂谷盆地,沿中央坳陷带岩石圈拆离减薄形成了细颈带和远端带,盆地裂陷期经历3幕伸展作用,早期断陷幕发育以高角度正断裂为特征的孤立断陷,中期拆离幕发育以低角度拆离断裂为特征的拆离断陷,且拆离断裂作用具有明显自东向西迁移的特点,晚期断-拗幕沉积中心位于凹陷中央。正是由于变形构造活动迁移特征构成了琼东南盆地独特的深部构造格局,进而导致不同构造单元的沉积充填及地层样式存在明显差异,其主拆离断裂侧以发育扇三角洲为主,而相向的滚动背斜侧则以发育辫状河三角洲为特征。这些因素制约裂陷期烃源岩分布以及深部储层展布,进而约束油气地质条件的差异。因此,基于岩石圈非瞬时破裂过程所建立的超伸展陆缘裂谷盆地深部结构及沉积充填特点认识,对琼东南盆地油气勘探具有重要的指导意义,同时也为被动陆缘盆地深层地层样式及沉积充填研究提供可参考范例。
中图分类号:
表1
琼东南盆地天然气类型特征"
分类 | 源岩类型 | 源岩层位 | 天然气碳同位素值 | 干燥系数 | 成熟度及类型 | 主要气藏 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | A1 松东凹陷 | 海相陆源、湖相源岩 | 崖城组 陵水组 梅山组 | δ13C1:-51.0 ‰ ~ -45.0 ‰ δ13C2:-31.0 ‰ ~ -29.0 ‰ δ13C3:-31.0 ‰ ~ -28.0 ‰ | 0.88~0.92(均值0.90) | 低熟-成熟 油型气 | BD13-1/3, ST34-3 |
A2 松南-宝岛 | 海相陆源源岩 | 陵水组 三亚组 | δ13C1:-47.0 ‰ ~ -42.0 ‰ δ13C2:-28.0 ‰ ~ -25.5 ‰ δ13C3:-28.0 ‰ ~ -25.5 ‰ | 0.87~0.98(均值0.94) | 低熟-成熟 煤型气 | ST36-1/2, LS18-2, YL8-1/3 | |
B | B1 宝岛北坡 | 海相陆源 源岩 | 崖城组 陵水组 三亚组 | δ13C1:-40.0 ‰ ~ -34.0 ‰ δ13C2:-27.0 ‰ ~ -23.0 ‰ δ13C3:-24.0 ‰ ~ -23.0 ‰ | 成熟煤型气 | BD21-1, BD19-2, WN1-1 | |
B2 中央峡谷 | 海相陆源 源岩 | 崖城组 陵水组 | δ13C1:-42.0 ‰ ~ -36.0 ‰ δ13C2:-27.0 ‰ ~ -23.0 ‰ δ13C3:-24.0 ‰ ~ -23.0 ‰ | 0.91~0.96(均值0.94) | 成熟煤型气 | LS17-2/18-1, LS22-1/25-1, YC24-1, LS13-2W | |
C | 海-陆过渡相煤系 | 崖城组 | δ13C1:-40.0 ‰ ~ -35.0 ‰ δ13C2:-28.0 ‰ ~ -24.0 ‰ δ13C3:-28.0 ‰ ~ -22.0 ‰ | 0.91~0.98(均值0.95) | 成熟-高熟煤型气 | YC13-1, YC13-4/6, LS13-2N |
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