石油与天然气地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 31-43.doi: 10.11743/ogg20240103
侯读杰1,2(), 吴克强3, 尤丽3, 张自鸣1,2, 李雅君1,2, 熊小峰3, 徐敏1,2, 严夏泽1,2, 陈威合1,2, 程熊1,2
收稿日期:
2023-03-09
修回日期:
2023-10-27
出版日期:
2024-02-01
发布日期:
2024-02-29
第一作者简介:
侯读杰(1964—),男,教授、博士研究生导师,油气地球化学及成藏研究。 E-mail: hdj@ cugb.edu.cn。
基金项目:
Dujie HOU1,2(), Keqiang WU3, Li YOU3, Ziming ZHANG1,2, Yajun LI1,2, Xiaofeng XIONG3, Min XU1,2, Xiazhe YAN1,2, Weihe CHEN1,2, Xiong CHENG1,2
Received:
2023-03-09
Revised:
2023-10-27
Online:
2024-02-01
Published:
2024-02-29
摘要:
琼东南盆地渐新统陆源海相烃源岩是深水区的一套重要烃源岩。从盆地构造格局、古气候、沉积相和三角洲规模4个方面对琼东南盆地渐新统陆源海相烃源岩的形成机理进行了分析。结果表明:盆地构造格局整体上控制了烃源岩的发育类型,断陷期的崖城组陆源有机质主要以近岸堆积形式形成煤系烃源岩;而陵水组(E3l)陆源有机质则以河流-三角洲搬运形式形成陆源海相烃源岩。崖城组三段(崖三段,E3y3)和三亚组二段(三二段,N1s2)沉积期陆源高等植物最繁盛;崖二段(E3y2)-崖一段(E3y1)和陵水组二段(陵二段,E3l2)-陵一段(E3l1)沉积期次之,陆源高等植物供给充足。沉积相带控制陆源有机质的差异,同时卸载的不同形成了明显差异的陆源海相烃源岩。陆源海相烃源岩有利的发育区域为三角洲前缘-内浅海以及海底扇。大规模的三角洲可以输送更高生物通量的陆源有机质,提高了烃源岩有机质丰度,从而形成海域最为重要的一类有特色的气源岩。
中图分类号:
表2
琼东南盆地不同类型烃源岩特征"
烃源岩发育类型 | 地质特征 | 烃源岩数据 | 奥利烷和 T化合物 | 陆相生源 比例/% | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
有利相带 | 发育层位 | 发育区域 | 平均TOC/% | 类型 | δ13C/‰ | 源岩 等级 | ||||
煤系 | 三角洲平原、 滨岸沼泽、 潮坪-潟湖 | 崖城组 | 边缘凹陷的滨岸带、凸起边缘 | 0.4~95.9 | Ⅲ型 | -28.0~-29.0 | 好 | 含量异常高 | >90 | |
海相陆源 | 大三角洲 | 三角洲前缘、 前三角洲- 内浅海 | 陵二段—三二段 | 宝岛、长昌、 乐东、崖北 | ~ 0.8 | Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型 | -25.5~-27.5 | 中等-好 | 含量相对高, 丰度出现分异 | 50~90 |
小三角洲 | 各层段均可发育 | 盆地边缘、 凸起边缘 | ~ 0.5 | Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型 | -25.5~-27.5 | 差-中等 | 50~90 | |||
滨岸体系 | — | 各层段均可发育 | 凹陷边缘、 凸起边缘 | ~ 0.4 | Ⅲ型 | -24.5~-26.5 | 差 | 低 | 30~70 | |
海底扇体系 | — | 三二段 | 中央凹陷带中心 | ~ 0.7 | Ⅱ2-Ⅲ型 | -25~-27 | 中等-好 | 有奥利烷, T化合物含量低 | 40~80 |
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