石油与天然气地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 1502-1510.doi: 10.11743/ogg20240520

• 方法技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

非洲马里气田天然氢气井勘探案例介绍及全球天然氢气勘探进展

苏宇通1,2(), 金之钧1,2,3,4, 刘润超1,4, 王璐1,2   

  1. 1.北京大学 能源研究院,北京 100871
    2.北京大学 地球与空间科学学院,北京 100871
    3.中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102206
    4.北京大学 鄂尔多斯能源研究院,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017010
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-09 修回日期:2024-07-06 出版日期:2024-10-30 发布日期:2024-11-06
  • 第一作者简介:苏宇通(1998—),男,博士研究生,天然氢相关研究。E-mail:2101110635@stu.pku.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42090025);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0708504)

Natural hydrogen exploration: A case study of hydrogen wells in the Mali gas field in Africa and global advances

Yutong SU1,2(), Zhijun JIN1,2,3,4, Runchao LIU1,4, Lu WANG1,2   

  1. 1.Institute of Energy,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    2.School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
    3.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206,China
    4.Ordos Research Institute of Energy,Peking University,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017010,China
  • Received:2024-01-09 Revised:2024-07-06 Online:2024-10-30 Published:2024-11-06

摘要:

为了促进中国天然氢气藏的勘探和开发,推动天然氢气分布、富集机制以及成藏条件等方面的研究,基于文献调研剖析了非洲陶德尼盆地马里天然氢气勘探实例,同时介绍了全球天然氢气勘探进展。研究表明:马里氢气田的氢最可能的来源是西非克拉通 Leo-Man地盾2.2 ~ 2.1 Ga岩石的活跃蛇纹石化作用,是岩石中的二价铁与水反应的产物。该氢气田发育两种类型的储层:上部储层为白云质碳酸盐岩,其中氢气主要以游离态存在;下部储层为砂岩,氢气主要以溶解态存在。氢气主要沿着断裂从氢源运移到储层,并在辉绿岩盖层的封闭下成藏。全球从事天然氢气勘探的公司数量已从2020年的3家增加到2023年的40家,多个国家已经开始发放氢气勘探许可证,但总体而言天然氢气的勘探和开发还处于起步阶段,成功案例较少,需要加强科学探索和技术突破。

关键词: 清洁能源, 碳中和, 天然氢气, 氢气勘探, 马里气田, 陶德尼盆地, 非洲

Abstract:

This study aims to enhance the exploration and exploitation of China's natural hydrogen reservoirs and to advance research on the distribution, enrichment mechanisms, and accumulation conditions of natural hydrogen. Based on a literature review, we perform a case study of natural hydrogen exploration in the Mali hydrogen field within the Taoudeni Basin in Africa and introduce global advances in natural hydrogen exploration. The results reveal that the hydrogen in the Mali gas field most likely originates from the active serpentinization of 2.2-2.1 Ga rocks in the Leo-Man Shield of the West African Craton and, thus, is the product of reactions of ferrous irons in rocks with water. The Mali hydrogen field contains two distinct types of reservoirs, namely the upper dolomitic carbonate reservoir and the lower sandstone reservoir, where free hydrogen and dissolved hydrogen are primarily found, respectively. Hydrogen migrates from the source to these reservoirs primarily along faults, subsequently accumulating beneath diabase cap rocks. Increasingly more companies have engaged in natural hydrogen exploration worldwide, with their number surging from three in 2020 to 40 in 2023, and multiple countries have started to issue hydrogen exploration licenses. Nevertheless, the exploration and production of natural hydrogen are still in their initial stages, with only a few successful cases. Therefore, greater efforts are necessary to conduct scientific exploration and achieve technological breakthroughs.

Key words: clean energy, carbon neutrality, natural hydrogen, hydrogen exploration, Mali gas field, Taoudeni Basin, Africa

中图分类号: