鄂尔多斯克拉通盆地寒武纪古构造与岩相古地理再认识

doi:10.11743/ogg20170208

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 依据野外露头、钻井和地震等资料，对鄂尔多斯盆地寒武纪古构造和岩相古地理开展研究。厚度图法研究表明，寒武纪的沉积格局与中新元古代的沉积格局具有继承性，古构造整体呈现“三槽二陆一洼”的特征。以此为指导，运用碳酸盐岩沉积学，将鄂尔多斯寒武系划分为滨岸、碳酸盐岩开阔台地、陆棚缓坡和海槽四大沉积体系，编制了5张鄂尔多斯地区寒武纪岩相古地理图。岩相古地理总体特征表现为古陆之外为滨岸，滨岸之外为台地，台地内部有洼地，台地外部为缓坡，缓坡边缘见海槽。鄂尔多斯地区在寒武纪经历了一个完整的海进-海退的演化过程。早寒武世表现为广大地区仍为古陆，仅在西南缘环陆发育了一套滨岸和开阔台地相沉积；中寒武世海侵扩大，古陆面积缩小，并被分割成3个独立的古陆，至张夏期吕梁古陆消失，中东部广大地区表现为广阔的开阔台地相沉积，西南缘为陆棚缓坡和海槽相沉积；晚寒武世，海退开始，鄂尔多斯古陆呈南北向条带状分布于鄂尔多斯中部地区。

关键词: 岩相古地理, 拗拉槽, 古构造, 寒武纪, 克拉通, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: A study was carried out on the Cambiran paleotectonic and lithofacies paleogeography of Ordos craton basin based on relevant outcrops,drilling and seismic data.Isopach showed that the Cambrian sedimentary framework inherited the Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary framework and can be described as "three troughs,two lands and one depression".Based on this understanding and guided by carbonates sedimentology,we divided the Cambrian into four sedimentary systems:the shoreland,the open carbonate platform,the shelf slope and the trough;and compiled 5 lithofacies paleogeographic maps.The overall lithofacies paleogeographic outlook may be described as the following:in the direction from ancient land to sea successively occurring shoreland,platform with depression,ramp and trough.The Ordos area had experienced a complete transgression-regression process in the Cambrian.A massive ancient land still existed in the Early Cambrian with only a set of shoreland and an open platform sedimentary facies around southwestern margin.During the Middle Cambrian,ancient land shrunk and was segmented into three isolated ancient lands along with transgression of sea.After the Luliang ancient land finally disappeared in Zhangxia Stage,the central and eastern part was featured by open platforms and the southwestern part contained mainly shelf slopes and through.During the Later Cambrian,with the beginning of regression of sea,the ancient land wound southnorth-ward in central Ordos area.

Key words: lithofacies palaeogeography, aulacogen, paleotectonic, Cambrian, craton, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.2

张春林,张福东,朱秋影,等. 鄂尔多斯克拉通盆地寒武纪古构造与岩相古地理再认识[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(2): 281-291. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170208 Zhang Chunlin,Zhang Fudong,Zhu Qiuying,et al. New understanding of the Cambrian palaeotectonic and lithofacies palaeogeography in the Ordos Craton Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(2): 281-291. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170208

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