石油与天然气地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 107-118.doi: 10.11743/ogg20180111

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地玉北地区中-下奥陶统储层发育特征及控制因素

刘红光1,2,3, 刘波3, 曹鉴华4, 黄臣军2,3, 刘格云5   

  1. 1. 中国石油化工集团公司 经济技术研究院, 北京 100029;
    2. 北京大学 地球与空间科学学院, 北京 100871;
    3. 北京大学 石油与天然气研究中心, 北京 100871;
    4. 天津科技大学, 天津 300222;
    5. 中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-08 修回日期:2017-10-10 出版日期:2018-02-28 发布日期:2018-03-12
  • 作者简介:刘红光(1989-),男,博士、工程师,碳酸盐岩沉积学。E-mail:hgliu@puk.cdu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油化工股份有限公司科技开发部项目(P14128,P16112);国家自然科学基金项目(41572117,41672123);国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05005-003-005)。

Characteristics and controlling factors of Lower-Middle Ordovician Reservoirs in Yubei area, Tarim Basin

Liu Hongguang1,2,3, Liu Bo3, Cao Jianhua4, Huang Chenjun2,3, Liu Geyun5   

  1. 1. SINOPEC Economics & Development Research Institute, Beijing 100029, China;
    2. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    3. Institute of Oil and Gas, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
    4. Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300222, China;
    5. China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2016-10-08 Revised:2017-10-10 Online:2018-02-28 Published:2018-03-12

摘要: 塔里木盆地玉北地区中-下奥陶统碳酸盐岩具有良好油气勘探潜力,但储层发育的控制因素及分布规律不明制约了勘探进程。通过岩石学、物性测试与地化分析等手段,总结出玉北地区中-下奥陶统主要发育溶洞型、溶孔型、裂缝-溶蚀孔洞型、溶蚀孔洞-裂缝型与裂缝型等5种储层类型。溶蚀作用、白云岩化作用以及裂缝活动为储层发育的主要控制因素。早-中奥陶世相对较低的海平面,导致微古地貌高部位在准同生期反复暴露地表遭受溶蚀,形成不受单一统一暴露界面控制的小尺度溶蚀孔洞、顺层溶蚀与示顶底充填等现象。总体来看蓬莱坝组溶蚀作用强度大于鹰山组。主要发育于准同生阶段和浅埋藏阶段的白云岩化作用增强了岩石的抗压实压溶能力,有利于早期溶蚀孔洞的保存,对储层具有间接贡献。裂缝具有多期活动特征,海西晚期之前的裂缝多被方解石、白云石和硅质等流体充填,对储层贡献较少,海西晚期及喜马拉雅期裂缝经历的成岩改造较弱而成为有效裂缝。

关键词: 白云岩化作用, 储层, 碳酸盐岩, 中-下奥陶统, 玉北地区, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: The Lower-Middle Ordovician carbonates in the Yubei Area, Tarim Basin, are considered promising exploration targets.However, the complexity of the controlling factors and distribution patterns of the reservoirs hindered the exploration process in the area.By using petrologic, physical and geochemical methods, we classified the reservoirs into five types:cavern type, dissolution pore type, fracture-vug type, vug-fracture type and fracture type.The main controlling factors of the reservoirs were determined to be dissolution, dolomitization and fracturing.It is suggested that the relative low stand sea level during the Early-Middle Ordovician caused the relative paleogeomorphic highs being repeatedly exposed to penecontemporaneous dissolution, which resulted in the formation of centimeter-scale caves, millimeter-scale mold pores, along-bedding dissolution and geopetal cements that are not cotrolled by single uniform exposure surface.The dissolution degree in the Penglaiba Formation was overly stronger than that in the Yingshan Formation.The dolomitization processes that mainly occurred in penecontemporaneous and shallow burial stages strengthened the resistance of carbonates to compaction and pressure dissolution, thus provided favorable condition for the preservation of early dissolution pores and caves and contributed indirectly to the forming of reservoirs in the area.The fractures formed through multiple tectonic stages.The fractures formed before the Late Hercynian epoch were filled up by calcite, dolomite and silica and made less contribution to the formation of reservoirs.However, the fractures formed during the Late Hercynian and Himalayan epoch were effective in contributing to the formation of reservoirs due to weak diagenetic processes.

Key words: dolomitization, reservoir, carbonate, Lower-Middle Ordovician, Yubei area, Tarim Basin

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