渤海湾盆地秦南凹陷东南缘中深层砂砾岩优质储层发育的控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20180212

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 渤海湾盆地秦南凹陷东南缘中深层沙一、二段普遍发育扇三角洲相的砂砾岩低孔低渗储层，局部层段发育高孔高渗带，储集空间以溶蚀孔、生物体腔孔为主，有利储层发育机理与目前所发现的一般致密砂砾岩不完全相同。利用岩心、铸体薄片、埋藏史及流体包裹体等分析手段，对秦南凹陷中深层沙一、二段砂砾岩优质储层发育特征和控制因素进行了研究。结果表明：研究区沙一、二段扇三角洲砂砾岩中常夹含螺砂砾岩，属于扇三角洲间歇性废弃的水下分流河道经波浪改造后，与螺屑混合沉积而成。砂砾岩中方解石胶结作用比较强烈，是储层致密的主要原因。含螺砂砾岩是优质储层发育的主要岩石类型。颗粒支撑、分选较好、螺化石富体腔孔、具一定程度的早期隐晶白云石包壳胶结的砂砾岩是形成优质储层的主要岩性因素；因颗粒支撑造成压实程度弱，成岩流体易于渗入，酸性孔隙水对中酸性火山岩岩屑、白云石胶结物和长石的强烈溶蚀，过早注入的油气对孔隙的后期保护，是砂砾岩优质储层发育的主要成岩因素。这种有利储层的形成机理，对陡坡带半咸水环境下的致密砂砾岩储层油气勘探具有较好的参考意义。

关键词: 半咸水湖, 砂砾岩, 中深层, 优质储层, 秦南凹陷

Abstract: Coarse siliciclastic reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability of fan-delta facies are common in the medium-to-deep first and second members of the Eocene Shahejie Formation (Es_1-2) at the southeastern margin of Qinnan Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin,but there are also some zones with high porosity and high permeability in some intervals.The reservoir spaces are largely dissolution pores and biological coelomopores,and the mechanisms of favorable reservoir development are different from that of the common tight coarse siliciclastic reservoirs.So we integrated data from core samples,casting thin sections,burial history,and fluid inclusion to investigate the characteristics and controlling factors of the high-quality coarse siliciclastic reservoirs in the Es_1-2.The results indicate that spiral-shell-bearing coarse siliciclastic interbeds are common in the Es_1-2 coarse siliciclastic reservoirs of fan-delta facies in the study area and are interpreted as wave-modified,intermittently abandoned underwater distributary channel deposits.Intensive calcite cementation plays a major role in the formation of tight reservoirs.The spiral-shell-bearing coarse siliciclastic rock is the major rock type for the development of high-quality reservoirs.Both lithological factors and diagenetic factors contributed to the development of high-quality reservoirs.The former include particle supporting,good sorting,coelomopores being rich in spiral shell fossils and early cryptocrystalline dolomite cementation,while the latter are mainly poor compaction and infiltration of diagenetic fluids due to particle supporting,strong dissolution of intermediate-acidic volcanic detritus,dolomite cements and feldspars by acidic pore-space waters as well as protection of pores by early charged hydrocarbons.This mechanism of favorable reservoir formation is of great referential significance for petroleum exploration in tight coarse siliciclastic reservoirs formed in brackish settings on steep-slope zones.

Key words: brackish lake, coarse siliciclastic rock, medium-to-deep strata, high-quality reservoir, Qinnan Sag

中图分类号:

TE122.2

王冠民,张婕,王清斌,等. 渤海湾盆地秦南凹陷东南缘中深层砂砾岩优质储层发育的控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(2): 330-339. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180212 Wang Guanmin,Zhang Jie,Wang Qingbin,et al. Factors controlling medium-to-deep coarse siliciclastic reservoirs of high quality at the southeastern margin of Qinnan Sag, Bohai Bay Basin,China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(2): 330-339. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180212

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