石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 1129-1140.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230505

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    

准噶尔盆地红车断裂带石炭系火山岩储层特征及质量控制因素

赵耀1(), 潘虹1, 骆飞飞1, 李亮1, 李丹杨1, 谢宗瑞1, 卢东连2, 张琴2   

  1. 1.中国石油 新疆油田公司 勘探开发研究院,新疆 克拉玛依,834000
    2.中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院,北京 102249
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-20 修回日期:2023-08-09 出版日期:2023-10-01 发布日期:2023-10-19
  • 第一作者简介:赵耀(1994—),男,工程师,综合地质研究。E-mail: xjzhaoy@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金项目:
    中国石油集团公司前瞻性基础性项目(2021DJ1004);国家自然科学基金项目(41872134)

Characteristics and quality determinants of Carboniferous volcanic reservoirs in the Hongche Fault Zone, Junggar Basin

Yao ZHAO1(), Hong PAN1, Feifei LUO1, Liang LI1, Danyang LI1, Zongrui XIE1, Donglian LU2, Qin ZHANG2   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay,Xinjiang 834000,China
    2.College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum (Beijing),Beijing 102249,China
  • Received:2023-06-20 Revised:2023-08-09 Online:2023-10-01 Published:2023-10-19

摘要:

石炭系火山岩是准噶尔盆地红车断裂带主要的勘探开发目的层,但目前对于火山岩储层特征及质量主控因素尚不明确,制约了下一步的勘探和开发部署。基于岩心、普通薄片、铸体薄片和成像测井等资料,对研究区火山岩储层的岩性进行精细划分,识别储集空间类型并揭示其质量控制因素,以期为有利目标优选提供科学依据。研究表明,研究区火山岩储层以火山角砾岩、凝灰质火山角砾岩、凝灰岩、玄武岩和安山岩为主,储集空间以次生孔隙和微裂缝为主,储层孔隙度平均为9.69 %,渗透率平均为0.24×10-3 μm2,为特低孔、特低渗储层。石炭系火山角砾岩储集物性最好,而安山岩和玄武岩次之。储层物性受火山岩岩性、岩相、成岩作用和构造作用的共同控制,岩相控制了岩性的类型及分布,从物质成分上根本控制了压实作用及后期溶蚀作用的进行,从而主要控制了储层质量;风化淋滤作用、溶蚀作用及断裂活动可以形成裂缝-溶蚀孔体系,大大改善了储层质量;而压实作用和充填作用使得原生孔隙大量减少,储层物性变差。

关键词: 岩相, 火山岩储层, 石炭系, 红车断裂带, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract:

The Carboniferous volcanic rocks within the Hongche Fault Zone in the Junggar Basin serve as pivotal exploration and exploitation targets. However, ambiguities regarding the characteristics and quality determinants of the volcanic reservoirs pose challenges for the forthcoming emplacement of exploratory and exploitation wells. Leveraging the data from core, ordinary thin section, and casting thin section observation, as well as image logs, we conduct a fine-scale lithological classification for these reservoirs. Furthermore, we identify the types of reservoir spaces and reveal the factors influencing the reservoir quality. This study seeks to provide a scientific basis for selecting the optimal exploration and exploitation targets. The results are as follows: (1) The volcanic reservoirs predominantly consist of volcanic breccia, tuffaceous volcanic breccia, tuff, basalt, and andesite. Their storage spaces are dominated by secondary pores and micro-fractures. These reservoirs are characterized by ultra-low porosity (average: 9.69 %) and ultra-low permeability (average: 0.24 × 10-3 μm2). Notably, the Carboniferous volcanic breccia exhibits the most favorable physical properties, followed by andesite and basalt; (2) The physical properties of these reservoirs are collectively molded by volcanic rocks’ lithologies and lithofacies, diagenism, and tectonism. Specifically, the lithologies determine the types of primary pores and their development degree. In comparison, the lithofacies are instrumental in governing the types and distributions of lithologies, determining the material composition of volcanic rocks and fundamentally influencing the compaction and subsequent dissolution of volcanic rocks. Therefore, the lithofacies serve as the predominant factor influencing the reservoir quality. Several processes, including weathering, leaching, dissolution, and fault activity, contribute to the formation of a fracture-dissolution pore system, significantly enhancing the reservoir quality. In contrast, compaction and the filling process greatly reduce the number of primary pores, leading to poor physical properties of reservoirs.

Key words: lithofacies, volcanic reservoir, Carboniferous, Hongche Fault Zone, Junggar Basin

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