石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1595-1608.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230620
雷涛1,2(), 任广磊2, 李晓慧2, 冯文杰3(), 孙华超2
收稿日期:
2023-05-08
修回日期:
2023-10-20
出版日期:
2023-12-01
发布日期:
2023-12-20
通讯作者:
冯文杰
E-mail:leitao.hbsj@sinopec.com;fwj1017@yangtzeu.edu.cn
第一作者简介:
雷涛(1983—),男,博士、高级工程师,沉积学、储层地质学。E-mail: 基金项目:
Tao LEI1,2(), Guanglei REN2, Xiaohui LI2, Wenjie FENG3(), Huachao SUN2
Received:
2023-05-08
Revised:
2023-10-20
Online:
2023-12-01
Published:
2023-12-20
Contact:
Wenjie FENG
E-mail:leitao.hbsj@sinopec.com;fwj1017@yangtzeu.edu.cn
摘要:
砂质辫状河心滩砂体规模大、连通性强、物性较好,是一类重要的油气储层。受到复杂多变的水动力条件影响,心滩呈现出类型多样、内部构型特征复杂等特征,制约了油气资源高效开发。为探索砂质辫状河心滩沉积演化规律及其控制的沉积构型特征,采用基于水动力场实时求解的沉积数值模拟方法,开展砂质辫状河沉积演化动态模拟和过程解析,结果表明:①砂质辫状河心滩的演化过程包括5个阶段,表现为菱形坝、舌形坝、单元坝、复合坝及改造复合坝的顺次形成和连续转换,各类心滩平面形态、剖面结构样式及定量规模存在显著差异;②水流与心滩的交互作用是主导砂质辫状河沉积演化的主控机理,即水流聚散特征与分布样式的持续变化导致心滩形成、增生、迁移、形变并遭受频繁、复杂的叠切,而心滩的演化又进一步导致水流聚散特征与分布样式的变化;③心滩内部发育前积、侧积及加积3类增生体,从菱形坝形成到改造复合坝发育,心滩内部增生体类型由前积主导转变为前积与侧积共生并最终变为前积、侧积及加积复杂复合,心滩长度、宽度由快速增加转变为缓慢增加并最终维持稳定,沉积记录中终止于不同演化阶段的辫状河心滩储层平面分布样式、内部构型特征及定量规模存在较大差异。
中图分类号:
表1
砂质辫状河沉积数值模拟参数"
参数项 | 模拟设定值 | 说明 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
沉积物粒度中值/um | 300 | — | |||
泥质沉积物供应量/(kg/m3) | 10 | 参考现代沉积数据 | |||
砂质沉积物浓度/(kg/m3) | 2.5 | ||||
沉积物组分 | 细砂 | 中砂 | 粗砂 | 巨砂 | 多种组分混合后中值粒径约为300 μm |
砂质沉积物组分粒度中值/μm | 150 | 300 | 750 | 1 500 | |
砂质沉积物组分含量(质量占比)/% | 25 | 50 | 15 | 10 | |
沉积物浓度/(kg/m3) | 1.25 | 2.50 | 0.75 | 0.50 | |
砂质沉积物密度/(g/cm3) | 2.65 | ||||
底床坡度/(°) | 0.005 ~ 0.060 | 冲积平原坡度平缓 | |||
河道宽度/km | 3.2 | ||||
水流量/(m3/s) | 40 000 | ||||
平均水深/m | 4 ~ 6 m | 取决于河宽、底床坡度及水流量 | |||
控制流速/(m/s) | 0 ~ 4.5 | ||||
网格单元大小/m | 50×20 | ||||
平面网格单元总量/个 | 1 600×160 | ||||
模拟区域尺寸/m | 80 000×3 200 | ||||
地貌演化系数 | 48 | 地貌模拟加速48倍 | |||
底床糙度-chezy值/(m1/2/s) | 45 | (参考Schuurman等, 2013) | |||
水平涡粘系数/(m2/s) | 1 000 | ||||
垂向涡粘系数/(m2/s) | 0.001 | ||||
临近干网格侵蚀系数 | 0.25 | ||||
水动力计算时间步长/min | 0.2 | ||||
沉积模拟数据保存时间步长/min | 15 |
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