石油与天然气地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 200-214.doi: 10.11743/ogg20240114
张自力1(), 乔艳萍1, 豆霜1, 李堃宇1(), 钟原1, 武鲁亚1, 张宝收1, 戴鑫1, 金鑫2, 王斌2, 宋金民2
收稿日期:
2023-09-02
修回日期:
2023-12-07
出版日期:
2024-02-01
发布日期:
2024-02-29
通讯作者:
李堃宇
E-mail:zzl_kyy@petrochina.com.cn;likunyu2018@petrochina.com.cn
第一作者简介:
张自力(1986—),男,博士、高级工程师,沉积盆地分析与油气地质。E-mail: zzl_kyy@petrochina.com.cn。
基金项目:
Zhili ZHANG1(), Yanping QIAO1, Shuang DOU1, Kunyu LI1(), Yuan ZHONG1, Luya WU1, Baoshou ZHANG1, Xin Dai1, Xin JIN2, Bin WANG2, Jinmin SONG2
Received:
2023-09-02
Revised:
2023-12-07
Online:
2024-02-01
Published:
2024-02-29
Contact:
Kunyu LI
E-mail:zzl_kyy@petrochina.com.cn;likunyu2018@petrochina.com.cn
摘要:
基于钻井岩心描述、薄片鉴定、测井资料以及三维地震资料,对四川盆地蓬莱气区震旦系灯影组二段(灯二段)表生岩溶古地貌与储层发育规律进行系统研究。结果表明:①蓬莱气区灯二段垂向上可划分为地表岩溶带、垂直渗流带、叠合带、水平潜流带和深部缓流带,其中水平潜流带发育储层厚度最大。②采用双界面法恢复了蓬莱气区灯二段岩溶古地貌,划分为4个一级古地貌单元:岩溶高地、岩溶斜坡、岩溶洼地和岩溶盆地,整体表现为“一高、一斜、两洼”的古地貌特征。③东部高石梯—磨溪地区为岩溶高地,中部发育岩溶斜坡,西北侧及西南侧为岩溶洼地。岩溶高地主要发育垂直渗流带,岩溶斜坡主要发育水平潜流带。蓬莱气区灯二段储层的发育由岩溶古地貌与沉积相联合控制。④表生岩溶储层是四川盆地蓬莱气区灯二段的主要储层类型,岩溶斜坡叠合丘滩体微相形成了优质储层。
中图分类号:
图2
四川盆地蓬莱气区灯二段表生岩溶特征a. Pt103井,埋深5 719.07~5 719.25 m,岩溶角砾,泥质充填;b. Pt102井,埋深5 865.44~5 865.50 m,泥晶白云岩,网状溶蚀;c. Ps4井,埋深6 186.32~6 186.53 m,凝块石白云岩,溶沟;d. Ps5井,埋深5 677.25~5 677.34 m,砂屑白云岩,蜂窝状溶蚀孔;e. Pt1井,埋深5 750.83~5 750.90 m,泥晶白云岩,水平层状溶蚀孔洞;f. Ps4井,埋深6 214.13~6 214.27 m,凝块石白云岩,溶洞(各小图中,左、中、右分别是成像测井图像、岩心照片和岩心铸体和普通薄片照片。)"
表2
四川盆地蓬莱气区灯二段岩溶古地貌划分[37, 41]"
古地貌单元 | 划分标准 | 岩溶流体 | 岩溶带 | 地貌主成因 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
一级 | 二级 | ||||
岩溶高地 | 残丘 | 整体呈丘状,底部直径<20 km | 大气淡水淋滤 | 发育垂直渗流带 | 风化-溶蚀作用 |
浅凹 | 高地内部相对低洼的凹陷区,内部较为平缓,坡降≤1% | 地表径流 | 溶蚀作用 | ||
高地平原 | 高地内部地势平坦的区域,坡降<0.5 % | 大气淡水淋滤 | 溶蚀作用 | ||
岩溶斜坡 | 岩溶陡坡 | 大范围分布的陡坡,坡降>5 % | 地下径流 | 发育水平潜流带 | 溶蚀-侵蚀作用 |
岩溶缓坡 | 大范围分布的缓坡,2 %≤坡降≤5 % | 溶蚀-侵蚀作用 | |||
岩溶洼地 | — | 盆地内的相对低洼区,最大开口直径>20 km | 地表径流 | 岩溶带欠发育 | 溶蚀-沉淀作用 |
岩溶盆地 | — | 主要在川西北盆地边缘地带,为盆地内最高程最低的区域,与广海相连 | 停滞水 | 岩溶带不发育 | 沉淀作用 |
图8
四川盆地蓬莱气区灯二段储层发育特征照片a. PS5井,埋深5 819.84 m,凝块石白云岩,岩溶孔洞储层,岩心;b. PT102井,埋深5 877.94 m,砂屑白云岩,岩溶缝洞储层,岩心;c. Ps101井,埋深5 755.04 m,凝块石白云岩,岩溶孔洞储层,岩心;d. PT103井,埋深5 945.99 m,泡沫绵层白云岩,粒间孔,蓝色铸体薄片 (-);e. PS3井,埋深5 769.46 m,中-粗晶白云岩,晶间孔,蓝色铸体薄片(-);f. ZS101井,埋深6 233.54 m,凝块石白云岩,格架孔,蓝色铸体薄片(-);g. ZS101井,埋深6 265.64 m,泡沫绵层白云岩,溶蚀孔洞,蓝色铸体薄片 (-);h. ZS103井,埋深6 015.78 m,凝块石白云岩,溶蚀缝,白云石、沥青充填,蓝色铸体薄片 (-);i. PT101井,埋深5 755.06 m,凝块石白云岩,岩溶洞穴,蓝色铸体薄片 (-)"
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