鄂尔多斯盆地西南部王全口组碳酸盐岩层系沉积环境及其构造背景

doi:10.11743/ogg20160211

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 224-237.doi: 10.11743/ogg20160211

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部王全口组碳酸盐岩层系沉积环境及其构造背景

宋立军^1,2, 刘池阳^2,3, 李光祥¹, 赵红格^2,3, 王建强^2,3, 张小龙^2,3, 王宇平^2,3

1. 西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院, 陕西西安 710065;
2. 西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室, 陕西西安 710069;
3. 西北大学地质系, 陕西西安 710069

收稿日期:2015-10-23 修回日期:2016-01-20 出版日期:2016-04-08 发布日期:2016-04-29
通讯作者: 刘池阳(1953-),教授、博士生导师,盆地动力学、构造地质学、油气地质与勘探。E-mail:lcy@nwu.edu.cn。 E-mail:lcy@nwu.edu.cn
第一作者简介:宋立军(1977-),男,副教授,盆地分析与构造地质。E-mail:slj2003150@126.com。
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金青年项目(41102072);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2013JM5006);大陆动力学国家重点实验室联合重点课题(J081334);构造地质与油气资源教育部重点实验室基金项目(TPR-2012-20);中国地质调查局基础地质调查项目(12120113039900)。

Sedimentary environment and tectonic backgrounds of the Wangquankou Formation carbonate rock sequences in southwestern Ordos Basin

Song Lijun^1,2, Liu Chiyang^2,3, Li Guangxiang¹, Zhao Hongge^2,3, Wang Jianqiang^2,3, Zhang Xiaolong^2,3, Wang Yuping^2,3

1. Geosciences and Engineering Faculty, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China;
3. Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China

Received:2015-10-23 Revised:2016-01-20 Online:2016-04-08 Published:2016-04-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部沉积了一套巨厚的以王全口组为代表的中元古代碳酸盐岩层系。为预测其油气勘探前景，文章采用主、微量元素地球化学方法，探讨王全口组的岩石特征、沉积环境、构造背景及其内硅质岩的成因。结果表明，王全口组以白云岩、硅质白云岩和硅质岩为主，并含有少量石英砂岩。其中，硅质岩和硅质白云岩内硅质为生物化学成因，且几乎未遭受到陆源碎屑物质影响。V/Cr，Ni/Co，V/（V+Ni）和Ce/La氧化还原环境判别图显示，王全口组整体形成于富氧或贫氧过渡状态下的浅水沉积环境。古水温数据与Sr/Cu比值反映的结果一致，即王全口组沉积期区域古水温相对最高，应为干燥炎热的气候背景。Sr/Ba，CaO/（CaO+MgO）海陆环境判别图、Y异常和（La/Nd）_pass值表明，除砂岩样品外，王全口组碳酸盐岩整体形成于海相咸水环境或次咸水过渡沉积环境。综合La-Th-Sc，Th-Co-Zr/10和100Eu/∑REE-LREE/HREE图解，王全口组碳酸盐岩样品具有大陆岛弧,活动陆缘和陆壳-浅海沉积体系特征,且陇县固关、炭山和盆缘桌子山地区样品同样具有高稀土含量特征，进一步表明王全口期研究区应具有大陆岛弧弧后坳陷构造背景特征。总而言之，在陆缘弧后坳陷背景和干热气候、弱氧化的浅水海陆过渡环境下，区域发育了生物化学成因的碳酸盐岩与硅质岩。

关键词: 沉积环境, 构造背景, 碳酸盐岩, 王全口组, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract: A very thick Middle Proterozoic carbonate strata represented by the Wangquankou Formation is distributed in the southwestern Ordos basin.In order to forecast its petroleum exploration prospects, major and trace elements were measured on samples to reveal the rock characteristics, sedimentary environment, tectonic settings and origin of siliceous rocks of the Wangquankou Formation.The Wangquankou Formation mainly consists of dolomites, siliceous dolomites and silicalites, with minor quartz sandstones.Geochemical features of siliceous materials in silicalites and siliceous dolomites clearly show a biochemical origin, with almost no influences from epicontinental clastic input.Discrimination diagrams of redox environment, such as V/Cr, Ni/Co, V/(V+Ni) and Ce/La, indicate that the Wangquankou Formation was deposited in aerobic or transitional dysaerobic shallow water.Paleo-temperature data, in good agreement with Sr/Cu values, suggest that regional temperatures were highest during deposition of the Wangquankou Formation, further indicating an arid and scorching climate background.Sr/Ba and CaO/(CaO+MgO) environment discriminant graphs, Y abnormity and (La/Nd)_pass ratio show that the carbonate rocks formed in marine saltwater or transitional semi-saltwater environment.A comprehensive analysis of various diagrams, such as La-Th-Sc，Th-Co-Zr/10 and 100Eu/∑REE- LREE/HREE graphs, indicates that carbonate samples from the Wangquankou Formation carry information of active continental margin, continental island arc and middle continent-shallow water sedimentary system.Samples from regions of Long Country Guguan, Tanshan, and Zhuozishan located at the basin margin are all characterized by high REEs, indicating a tectonic background of continental back-arc depression during the Wangquankou Stage.In conclusion, siliceous rocks and carbonate rocks of biochemical origin in this region were deposited in mild-oxidizing, marine-continental transition environment, with the backgrounds of desiccation and torridness with the tectonic settings of epicontinental back-arc depression.

Key words: sedimentary environment, tectonic setting, carbonate rock, Wangquankou Formation, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.3

宋立军,刘池阳,李光祥,等. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部王全口组碳酸盐岩层系沉积环境及其构造背景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(2): 224-237. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160211 Song Lijun,Liu Chiyang,Li Guangxiang,et al. Sedimentary environment and tectonic backgrounds of the Wangquankou Formation carbonate rock sequences in southwestern Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(2): 224-237. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160211

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鄂尔多斯盆地西南部王全口组碳酸盐岩层系沉积环境及其构造背景

Sedimentary environment and tectonic backgrounds of the Wangquankou Formation carbonate rock sequences in southwestern Ordos Basin

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