一种考虑气藏特征的页岩含气量计算方法——以四川盆地及其周缘焦页1井和彭页1井为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20190616

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 损失气含量是页岩气含气量的重要组成部分，是页岩气总气量的确定、页岩气资源量和储量计算的重要参数。基于煤层气岩心解吸测试中采用的损失气计算方法——USBM方法及其改进方法不能真实反映页岩气藏损失气含量。综合考虑页岩气藏特征、储层类型及特征、孔隙结构、孔喉大小、气藏压力、取心时间、解吸气含量和解吸时间等因素，重点考虑了钻遇岩心时的瞬间散失气量和解吸速率，提出了一种页岩损失气含量和含气量的计算方法。以超压页岩气藏JY1井和常压页岩气藏PY1井为例，采用该方法计算JY1井下部优质页岩层段的总含气量为6.87~9.02 m³/t，平均7.47 m³/t，上部页岩层段的总含气量为3.25~3.82 m³/t，平均3.64 m³/t；PY1井下部优质页岩层段的总含气量为3.18~4.29 m³/t，平均3.83 m³/t；上部页岩层段的总含气量为1.67~2.28 m³/t，平均1.94 m³/t。明显高于常用算法计算的总含气量数值。采用理论计算法和依据焦石坝页岩气井生产特征计算法两种方法对本文提出的页岩含气量计算方法进行了验证，吻合度较好。研究成果为页岩气藏、尤其是超高压页岩气藏含气量、储量计算和产能评价提供理论依据和计算方法支撑。

关键词: 损失气, 孔隙结构, 气藏压力, 含气量, 页岩气, 焦石坝地区, 四川盆地

Abstract: Lost gas content is an integral part of the total shale gas content,and also a significant parameter for determination of total shale gas volume and evaluation of shale gas in place and reserves.However,the USBM method,the existing calculation method of lost gas content based on core desorption test of coal-bed methane,along with its modified methods,cannot truly reflect the loss of gas content in shale gas reservoirs.Focusing on the instantaneous lost gas content and desorption rate during the core-drilling,we proposed a new method to calculate the lost gas content and the total shale gas content after performing a series of analyses,including characteristics of shale gas reservoirs,reservoir types,pore structure,pore throat size,gas reservoir pressure,coring time,desorbed gas content,and desorption time.The Well JY1 in the shale gas reservoir of overpressure and Well PY1 in the gas reservoir of normal pressure were taken as examples in the study.In applying the new method to Well JY1,we figured out the total gas content of the high-quality lower shale interval,varying from 6.87 m³/t to 9.02 m³/t with an average of 7.47 m³/t,and the total gas content of the upper shale interval,varying from 3.25 m³/t to 3.82 m³/t with an ave-rage of 3.64 m³/t; while in the Well PY1,the total gas content of the high-quality shale intervals ranges from 3.18 m³/t to 4.29 m³/t with an average of 3.83 m³/t,and the total gas content of the upper shale layers ranges from 1.67 m³/t to 2.28 m³/t with an average of 1.94 m³/t.Obviously,these values above are significantly higher than those calculated by using conventional methods.The new method proposed above has been verified by both the theoretical calculation method and performance-based calculation method with the shale gas production wells in Jiaoshiba area as examples.For shale gas reservoirs,especially the overpressured shale gas reservoirs,the new method highlighted in the study serves to provide not only a great theoretical support but also a practical way to calculate shale gas content and reserves,so as to evaluate the reservoir productivity.

Key words: lost gas, pore structure, gas reservoir pressure, gas content, shale gas, Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

李东晖,聂海宽. 一种考虑气藏特征的页岩含气量计算方法——以四川盆地及其周缘焦页1井和彭页1井为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(6): 1324-1332. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190616 Li Donghui,Nie Haikuan. A new method to calculate shale gas content based on gas reservoir characterization-A case study of Wells JY 1 and PY 1 in Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(6): 1324-1332. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190616

参考文献 29

[1]	龙胜祥,曹艳,朱杰,等.中国页岩气发展前景及相关问题初探[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(6):847-853. Long Shengxiang,Cao Yan,Zhu Jie,et al.A preliminary study on prospects for shale gas industry in China and relevant issues[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(6):847-853.
[2]	Hao F,Zou H,Lu Y.Mechanisms of shale gas storage:Implications for shale gas exploration in China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(8):1325-1346.
[3]	刘莉,包汉勇,李凯,等.页岩储层含气性评价及影响因素分析-以涪陵页岩气田为例[J].石油实验地质,2018(1):58-63,70. Liu li,Bao hanyong,Li kai,et al.Evaluation of gas content in shale reservoirs and analysis of influencing factors in Fuling shale gas field[J].Petroleum Geology & Experimnt,2012,86(2):349-361.
[4]	聂海宽,张金川.页岩气聚集条件及含气量计算-以四川盆地及其周缘下古生界为例[J].地质学报,2012,86(2):349-361. Nie Haikuan,Zhang Jinchuan.Shale gas accumulation conditions and gas content calculation;a case study of Sichuan Basin and its periphery in the Lower Paleozoic[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(2):349-361.
[5]	李玉喜,乔德武,姜文利,等.页岩气含气量和页岩气地质评价综述[J].地质通报,2011,30(2/3):308-317. Li Yu Xi,Qiao De Wu,Jiang Wen Li,et al.Gas content of gas-bearing shale and its geological evaluation summary.Geological Bulletin of China,2011,30(2/3):308-317.
[6]	Shtepani E,Noll L A,Elrod L W,et al.A new regression-based method for accurate measurement of coal and shale gas content[J].SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering,2010,13(2):359-364.
[7]	魏强,晏波,肖贤明.页岩气解吸方法研究进展[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(9):1657-1665. Wei Qiang,Yan Bo,Xiao Xianming.Research progress on the desorption methods of shale gas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,,26(9):1657-1665.
[8]	唐颖,张金川,刘珠江,等.解吸法测量页岩含气量及其方法的改进[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):108-112. Tang Ying,Zhang Jinchuan,Liu Zhujiang,et al.Use and improvement of the desorption method in shale gas content tests[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(10):108-112.
[9]	刘洪林,邓泽,刘德勋,等.页岩含气量测试中有关损失气量估算方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(S1):156-158. Liu Honglin,Deng Ze,Liu Dexun,et al.Discussion on lost gas calculating methods in shale gas content testing[J].Oil Drilling and Production Technology,2010,32(S1);156-158.
[10]	赵群,王红岩,杨慎,等.一种计算页岩岩心解吸测试中损失气量的新方法[J].天然气工业,2013,33(5):30-34. Zhao Qun,Wang Hongyan,Yang Shen,et al.A new method of calculating the lost gas volume during the shale core desorption test[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(5):30-34.
[11]	郝进,姜振学,邢金艳,等.一种改进的页岩气损失气含量估算方法[J].现代地质,2015(6):1475-1482. Hao Jin,Jiang Zhenxue,Xing Jinyan,et al.An improved method of calculating lost gas content of shale gas[J].Geoscience,2015(6):1475-1482.
[12]	董谦,刘小平,李武广,等.关于页岩含气量确定方法的探讨[J].天然气与石油,2012,30(5):34-37. Dong Qian,Liu Xiaoping,Li Wuguang,et al.Discussion on determination method of shale gas content[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2012,30(5):34-37.
[13]	薛晓辉,岳小金,韦巍.页岩含气量测定过程中的几点建议[J].中国煤炭地质,2013,25(4):27-29. Xue Xiaohui,Yue Xiaojin,Wei Wei.Some suggestions in shale gas content measuring process[J].Coal Geology of China,2013,25(4):27-29.
[14]	鲍云杰.从煤层含气量测定技术发展看页岩含气性评价的发展方向[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(6):762-766. Bao Yunjie.Prospect of shale gas evaluation in view of measurement techniques development of coal seam gas content[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2014,36(6):762-766.
[15]	李相方,蒲云超,孙长宇,等.煤层气与页岩气吸附/解吸的理论再认识[J].石油学报,2014,35(6):1113-1129. Li Xiangfang,Pu Yunchao,Sun Changyu,et al.Recognition of absorption/desorption theory in coalbed methane reservoir and shale gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(6):1113-1129.
[16]	庞湘伟.煤层气含量快速测定方法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2010,38(1):29-32. Pang Xiangwei.Rapid determination of coalbed methane content[J].Coal Geology and Exploration,2010,38(1):29-32.
[17]	姚光华,王晓泉,杜宏宇,等.USBM方法在页岩气含气量测试中的适应性[J].石油学报,2016,37(6):802-806. Yao Guanghua,Wang Xiaoquan,Du Hongyu,et al.Applicability of USBM method in the test on shale gas content[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(6):802-806.
[18]	姚光华,熊伟,胥云,等.预加压测试页岩含气量新方法[J].石油学报,2017,38(10):1189-1193. Yao Guanghua,Xiong Wei,Xu Yun,et al.A new method of pre-pressurized test on shale gas content[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(10):1189-1193.
[19]	李军,金武军,王亮,等.利用核磁共振技术确定有机孔与无机孔孔径分布-以四川盆地涪陵地区志留系龙马溪组页岩气储层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(1):129-134. Li Jun,Jin Wujun,Wang Liang,et al.Quantitative evaluation of organic and inorganic pore size distribution by NMR:A case from the Silurian Longmaxi Formation gas shale in Fuling area,Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(1):129-134.
[20]	周尚文,王红岩,薛华庆,等.页岩气超临界吸附机理及模型[J].科学通报,2017,62(35):4189-4200. Zhou Shangwen,Wang Hongyan,Xue Huaqing,et al.Supercritical methane adsorption on shale gas:Mechanism and model[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2017,62(35):4189-4200.
[21]	何陈诚,何生,郭旭升,等.焦石坝区块五峰组与龙马溪组一段页岩有机孔隙结构差异性[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(3):472-484. He Chencheng,He Sheng,Guo Xusheng,et al.Structural differences in organic pores between shales of the Wufeng Formation and of the Longmaxi Formation's first Member,Jiaoshiba Block,Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2018,39(3):472-484.
[22]	彭勇民,龙胜祥,胡宗全,等.四川盆地涪陵地区页岩岩石相标定方法与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(6):964-970. Peng Yongmin,Long Shengxiang,Hu Zongquan,et al.Calibration method of shale petrological facies and its application in Fuling area,the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(6):964-970.
[23]	李军,武清钊,路菁,等.页岩气储层总孔隙度与有效孔隙度测量及测井评价——以四川盆地龙马溪组页岩气储层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):602-609. Li Jun,Wu Qingzhao,Lu Jing,et al.Measurement and logging evaluation of total porosity and effective porosity of shale gas reservoirs:A case from the Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(3):602-609.
[24]	Curtis J B.Fractured shale-gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,200286,(1)1921-1938.
[25]	张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18. Zhang Jinchuan,Jin Zhijun,Yuan Mingsheng.Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):15-18.
[26]	左罗,王玉普,熊伟,等.页岩含气量计算新方法[J].石油学报,2015,36(4):469-474. Zuo Luo,Wang Yupu,Xiong Wei,et al.A new method to calculate the shale gas content[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(4)469-474.
[27]	俞凌杰,范明,陈红宇,等.富有机质页岩高温高压重量法等温吸附实验[J].石油学报,2015,36(5):557-563. Yu Lingjie,Fan Ming,Chen Hongyu,et al.Isothermal adsorption experiment of organic-rich shale under high temperature and pressure using gravimetric method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(5):557-563.
[28]	周尚文,王红岩,薛华庆,等.基于Ono-Kondo格子模型的页岩气超临界吸附机理探讨[J].地球科学,2017,42(8):1421-1430. Zhou Shangwen,Wang Hongyan,Xue Huaqing,et al.Discussion on the supercritical adsorption mechanism of shale gas based on Ono-Kondo lattice model[J].Earth Science,2017,42(8):1421-1430.
[29]	李海涛,王科,张庆,等.基于修正容积法计算页岩气井改造区原始天然气地质储量[J].天然气工业,2017,37(11). Li Haitao,Wang Ke,Zhang Qing,et al.Calculation of OGIP in the stimulated zone of a shale gas well based on the modified volumetric method[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(11).