石油与天然气地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 816-828.doi: 10.11743/ogg20210404
林良彪1,2(), 余瑜1,2,*(), 南红丽3, 陈洪德1,2, 刘磊1,2, 吴冬1, 王志康1,2
收稿日期:
2020-10-10
出版日期:
2021-08-28
发布日期:
2021-08-27
通讯作者:
余瑜
E-mail:linliangbiao08@cdut.cn;yuyucdut@163.com
第一作者简介:
林良彪(1979—),男,博士、教授,沉积岩石学。E-mail: 基金项目:
Liangbiao Lin1,2(), Yu Yu1,2,*(), Hongli Nan3, Hongde Chen1,2, Lei Liu1,2, Dong Wu1, Zhikang Wang1,2
Received:
2020-10-10
Online:
2021-08-28
Published:
2021-08-27
Contact:
Yu Yu
E-mail:linliangbiao08@cdut.cn;yuyucdut@163.com
摘要:
川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组油气资源丰富,是四川盆地主要的致密砂岩气产气层段之一。以川西坳陷须家河组四段(须四段)致密砂岩为研究对象,基于岩石学特征、物性分析和成岩作用的研究,分析须四段砂岩的致密化过程及致密因素,并结合油气成藏史,探究须四段储层的致密-成藏耦合关系。结果表明,造成须四段孔隙损失的主因是压实作用,但导致储层致密的关键因素是成岩系统处于半封闭-封闭状态下沉淀的晚期碳酸盐胶结物,使得须四段相对有利储层在中成岩A期的中、晚阶段砂岩孔隙度降至10 % 以下,对应地质历史时期为早白垩世。包裹体及激光拉曼成分分析表明,须四段具有两个成藏时期,其中处于晚侏罗世—早白垩世的晚期成藏为主成藏期。以储层孔隙度低于10 % 为标准,川西坳陷不同类型储层进入致密演化阶段时,须四段的主成藏期(晚侏罗世—早白垩世)尚未结束,表明须四段储层是“先致密后成藏”型储层。
中图分类号:
图4
川西坳陷上三叠统须四段砂岩成岩作用现象微观特征 a.泥岩杂基压实变形,埋深3 923.78 m,广汉2井,铸体薄片,正交偏光;b.碳酸盐胶结充填原生孔隙,茜素红染色,川合139井,埋深3 774.63 m,铸体薄片,单偏光;c.方解石胶结物充填粒内溶孔,茜素红染色,广汉2井,埋深3 923.78 m,铸体薄片,单偏光;d.方解石胶结物充填钾长石粒内溶孔,川丰563井,埋深3 891.3 m,SEM;e.白云石胶结物充填剩余粒间孔,川绵39井,埋深3 108.8 m,铸体薄片,单偏光;f.石英次生加大,新盛1井,埋深3 505.66m,铸体薄片,正交偏光;g.自生石英矿物和伊利石充填粒间孔隙,川孝568井,埋深3 412.35 m,SEM;h.书页状高岭石和少量伊利石充填粒间孔隙,新11井,埋深3 466.56 m,SEM;i.叶片状绿泥石围绕颗粒表面生长,呈环边绿泥石,川丰563井,埋深3 511.8 m,SEM"
表3
川西坳陷上三叠统须四段不同类型储层成岩作用造成的孔隙度变化"
成岩期次 | 孔隙演化 | 储层孔隙度/% | ||
含长石砂岩 | 贫长石砂岩 | 钙屑砂岩 | ||
早成岩A期末 | 初始孔隙 | 38.0 | 38.0 | 38.0 |
压实减孔 | 11.49 | 11.75 | 3.91 | |
胶结减孔 | 0 | 0 | 6.50 | |
溶蚀增孔 | 0 | 0.50 | 0 | |
定量孔隙 | 26.51 | 26.75 | 27.59 | |
早成岩B期末 | 压实减孔 | 8.00 | 8.11 | 7.55 |
胶结减孔 | 1.20 | 1.50 | 0 | |
溶蚀增孔 | 1.00 | 1.20 | 0.80 | |
定量孔隙 | 18.31 | 18.34 | 20.84 | |
中成岩A期末 | 压实减孔 | 9.50 | 9.48 | 9.46 |
胶结减孔 | 3.00 | 3.20 | 2.70 | |
溶蚀增孔 | 2.80 | 3.08 | 2.05 | |
定量孔隙 | 8.61 | 8.74 | 10.73 | |
中成岩B期末 | 压实减孔 | 2.72 | 2.67 | 2.90 |
胶结减孔 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
溶蚀增孔 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
最终孔隙度计算值 | 5.89 | 6.07 | 7.83 |
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