四川盆地川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组四段储层致密化过程及其与油气成藏的耦合关系

doi:10.11743/ogg20210404

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 816-828.doi: 10.11743/ogg20210404

四川盆地川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组四段储层致密化过程及其与油气成藏的耦合关系

林良彪^1,²(), 余瑜^1,^2,*(), 南红丽³, 陈洪德^1,², 刘磊^1,², 吴冬¹, 王志康^1,²

1. 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室，四川成都 610059
2. 成都理工大学沉积地质研究院，四川成都 610059
3. 中国石化西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院，四川成都 61004

收稿日期:2020-10-10 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-08-27
通讯作者: 余瑜 E-mail:linliangbiao08@cdut.cn;yuyucdut@163.com
作者简介:林良彪(1979—)，男，博士、教授，沉积岩石学。E-mail: linliangbiao08@cdut.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05002004-010);油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(成都理工大学)开放基金资助项目(PLC20210110)

Reservoir tightening process and its coupling relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the fourth member of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in theWestern Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin

Liangbiao Lin^1,²(), Yu Yu^1,^2,*(), Hongli Nan³, Hongde Chen^1,², Lei Liu^1,², Dong Wu¹, Zhikang Wang^1,²

1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
2. Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
3. Exploration & Production Research Institute, Southwest Oil & Gas Company, SINOPEC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China

Received:2020-10-10 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-08-27
Contact: Yu Yu E-mail:linliangbiao08@cdut.cn;yuyucdut@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组油气资源丰富，是四川盆地主要的致密砂岩气产气层段之一。以川西坳陷须家河组四段(须四段)致密砂岩为研究对象，基于岩石学特征、物性分析和成岩作用的研究，分析须四段砂岩的致密化过程及致密因素，并结合油气成藏史，探究须四段储层的致密-成藏耦合关系。结果表明，造成须四段孔隙损失的主因是压实作用，但导致储层致密的关键因素是成岩系统处于半封闭-封闭状态下沉淀的晚期碳酸盐胶结物，使得须四段相对有利储层在中成岩A期的中、晚阶段砂岩孔隙度降至10 % 以下，对应地质历史时期为早白垩世。包裹体及激光拉曼成分分析表明，须四段具有两个成藏时期，其中处于晚侏罗世—早白垩世的晚期成藏为主成藏期。以储层孔隙度低于10 % 为标准，川西坳陷不同类型储层进入致密演化阶段时，须四段的主成藏期(晚侏罗世—早白垩世)尚未结束，表明须四段储层是“先致密后成藏”型储层。

关键词: 成藏, 致密化过程, 致密砂岩, 须家河组, 川西坳陷, 四川盆地

Abstract:

The Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in Western Sichuan Depression is rich in hydrocarbon resources and has been one of the major tight gas pay zones in the area. By focusing on the tight sandstone of the fourth member of the formation, this study aims to answer why the stone is so tight and what factors had affected its tightening-up process based on petrological characteristics, reservoir physical property and diagenesis analyses, which are also combined with hydrocarbon accumulation history to confirm a possible coupling relationship between the two processes. It reveals that compaction caused great porosity loss in the stone. However, it was the late-stage precipitation of carbonate cements in a semi-closed to a closed setting that played a key role in the process by reducing the porosity of high-quality reservoirs in the formation to less than 10 % during the middle and late stages of mesodiagenesis (corresponding to the Early Cretaceous). Fluid inclusions and laser Raman compositional analyses suggest two hydrocarbon accumulation periods, of which the second period (the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous) contributed more. It also suggests that when other types of reservoirs in the basin were entering the tightening-up stage, i.e. when their porosity was reduced to less than 10 %, hydrocarbon accumulation in the fourth member of Xujiahe Formation was still ongoing, indicating a precedence of reservoir tightening to hydrocarbon accumulation.

Key words: hydrocarbon accumulation, reservoir tightening process, tight sandstone, Xujiahe Formation, Western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

林良彪,余瑜,南红丽,等. 四川盆地川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组四段储层致密化过程及其与油气成藏的耦合关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(4): 816-828. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210404 Liangbiao Lin,Yu Yu,Hongli Nan,et al. Reservoir tightening process and its coupling relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the fourth member of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in theWestern Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(4): 816-828. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210404

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胶结物类型		胶结物含量/%
胶结物类型		含长石砂岩	贫长石砂岩	钙屑砂岩
碳酸盐胶结物	早期	1.2	1.3	6.5
碳酸盐胶结物	晚期	2.5	2.5	2.7
硅质胶结物	早期	0	0.2	0
硅质胶结物	晚期	0.5	0.7	0

储层类型	压实因子	不同深度孔隙度/%
储层类型	压实因子	1000m	2000m	3000m	4000m	5000m
含长石砂岩	0.00036	26.51	18.50	12.90	9.00	6.28
贫长石砂岩	0.00037	26.25	18.13	12.52	8.65	5.98
钙屑砂岩	0.00032	27.59	20.04	14.55	10.57	7.67

成岩期次	孔隙演化	储层孔隙度/%
成岩期次	孔隙演化	含长石砂岩	贫长石砂岩	钙屑砂岩
早成岩A期末	初始孔隙	38.0	38.0	38.0
	压实减孔	11.49	11.75	3.91
	胶结减孔	0	0	6.50
	溶蚀增孔	0	0.50	0
	定量孔隙	26.51	26.75	27.59
早成岩B期末	压实减孔	8.00	8.11	7.55
	胶结减孔	1.20	1.50	0
	溶蚀增孔	1.00	1.20	0.80
	定量孔隙	18.31	18.34	20.84
中成岩A期末	压实减孔	9.50	9.48	9.46
	胶结减孔	3.00	3.20	2.70
	溶蚀增孔	2.80	3.08	2.05
	定量孔隙	8.61	8.74	10.73
中成岩B期末	压实减孔	2.72	2.67	2.90
	胶结减孔	0	0	0
	溶蚀增孔	0	0	0
最终孔隙度计算值		5.89	6.07	7.83

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四川盆地川西坳陷上三叠统须家河组四段储层致密化过程及其与油气成藏的耦合关系

Reservoir tightening process and its coupling relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the fourth member of Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in theWestern Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin

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