鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油缝网波及研究及其在体积开发中的应用

doi:10.11743/ogg20210515

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鄂尔多斯盆地庆城油田是中国发现的首个页岩油10亿吨级大油田，水平井体积开发是页岩油效益开发的关键技术。文中提出了一种细分切割体积压裂缝网波及体积计算模型，应用多元线性回归的方法建立了关键地质工程参数与微地震覆盖体积关系式，进一步利用矿场实际产量数据对关系式进行校正，建立了缝网波及体积定量表征经验公式，进而绘制了其与产能的相关性图版，为体积压裂工程参数优化给予指导。研究结果表明：鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油体积改造裂缝总体呈现以主裂缝为主、分支缝为辅的条带状缝网形态，形似“仙人掌”。影响缝网波及体积的主控因素依次为入地液量、裂缝密度、排量、油层厚度和砂量。经矿场实践证实，该研究建立的经验公式及相关性图版预测结果准确、可靠，可为庆城油田页岩油水平井体积压裂优化设计及效果评价提供科学依据。

关键词: 细分切割, 缝网波及体积, 水平井, 体积开发, 页岩油, 延长组, 庆城油田, 鄂尔多斯盆地

Abstract:

Qingcheng oilfield in the Ordos Basin is the first shale oilfield with over one-billion tons of reserves discovered in China.Volume fracturing of horizontal well is a key technology for effective development of shale oil in the oilfield.In this study, a fracture network swept volume (FSV) model for volume fracturing is built, the relation between key geologic and engineering parameters and microseismic coverage volume is established by multivariate linear regression, actual production data are applied to correct the relation to get an empirical formula for quantitative calculation of FSV, and then the correlation template between FSV and productivity is plotted to guide the optimization of engineering parameters of volume fracturing.The results show that fractures created during the volume fracturing of shale oil reservoirs appear as a stripped fracture network dominated by main fractures together with branch fractures in the shape of cactus; and the main factors affecting FSV include fracturing fluid volume, fracture density, pumping rate, oil layer thickness, and proppant load.Field practices prove that the empirical formula and correlation template proposed in the study can predict FSV with accuracy and provide scientific basis for design optimization and effect evaluation of volume fracturing of horizontal shale oil well in Qingcheng oilfield.

Key words: dense cluster spacing, FSV, horizontal well, development via volume fracturing, shale oil, Yanchang Formation, Qingcheng oilfield, Ordos Basin

中图分类号:

TE19

焦方正. 鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油缝网波及研究及其在体积开发中的应用[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(5): 1181-1188. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210515 Fangzheng Jiao. FSV estimation and its application to development of shale oil via volume fracturing in the Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(5): 1181-1188. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210515

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特征参数	鄂尔多斯盆地延长组	准噶尔盆地芦草沟组	三塘湖盆地条湖组	松辽盆地白垩系	北美二叠盆地
沉积环境	湖相	湖相	湖相	湖相	浅海相
埋深/m	1 600~2 200	2 700~3 900	2 000~2 800	1 700~2 200	2 134~2 895
油层厚度/m	5~15	10~13	5~20	10~30	400~600
孔隙度/%	6.0~11.0	8.0~14.6	8.0~18.0	5.0~18.0	8.0~12.0
渗透率/(10^-3μm²)	0.110~0.140	0.010~0.012	0.100~0.500	0.020~0.500	0.010~1.000
含油饱和度/%	67.7~72.4	78.0~80.0	55.0~76.5	48.0~55.0	75.0~88.0
气油比/(m³·t^-1)	75~122	18~22	—	—	50~140
原油粘度/(mPa·s)	1.21~1.96	11.70~21.50	58.00~83.00	4.00~8.00	0.15~0.53
压力系数	0.77~0.84	1.20~1.60	0.90	1.10~1.32	1.05~1.50
水平应力差/MPa	4~6	5~9	1~5	3~6	1~3
脆性指数/%	35~45	50~51	31~54	—	45~60

井号	水平段长度/m	压裂段数/簇数	加砂强度/(t·m^-1)	进液强度/(m³·m^-1)	FSV/(10⁴ m³)	E_FSV/%	累产油/(10⁴ t)	产量强度/(t·m^-1)
华H6-1	1 529	22/107	3.2	24.0	451	41.0	1.6	21.8
华H6-2	1 564	25/127	3.3	22.7	411	41.7	1.2	8.1
华H6-3	1 468	23/120	4.4	27.9	515	46.8	1.6	29.1
华H6-4	1 260	19/102	4.2	27.0	260	34.4	0.9	11.6
华H6-5	1 323	19/94	3.7	24.2	505	55.3	1.7	22.1
华H6-6	2 029	27/165	5.6	33.4	628	49.1	1.4	8.2
华H6-7	1 588	23/92	5.7	24.1	653	65.3	1.6	15.3
华H6-8	2 110	26/157	6.6	39.2	649	42.7	1.5	7.5
华H6-9	1 959	28/191	4.8	28.5	678	50.2	2.3	8.5
华H6-11	1 252	16/89	3.5	19.6	361	40.0	1.2	17.7
华H6-12	1 191	19/98	3.7	23.7	470	65.8	1.4	14.8
总平台平均值	1 570	23/122	4.4	26.7	5 580	48.4	16.5	15.0

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