石油与天然气地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 213-225.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230118

• 方法技术 • 上一篇    

基于成因机理及主控因素约束的多尺度裂缝“分级-分期-分组”建模方法

赵向原1(), 游瑜春1, 胡向阳1, 黎静容2, 李毓2   

  1. 1.中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102206
    2.中国石化 西南油气分公司 勘探开发研究院,四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-05 修回日期:2022-11-15 出版日期:2023-02-01 发布日期:2023-01-13
  • 第一作者简介:赵向原(1983—),男,博士、副研究员,油气田开发地质。E?mail: auxus@sina.com
  • 基金项目:
    中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA14010204);国家“万人计划”科学家工作室、中石化科技部项目(P20077kxjgz)

Classified-staged-grouped 3D modeling of multi-scale fractures constrained by genetic mechanisms and main controlling factors: A case study on biohermal carbonate reservoir of the Upper Permian Changxing Fm. in Yuanba area, Sichuan Basin

Xiangyuan ZHAO1(), Yuchun YOU1, Xiangyang HU1, Jingrong LI2, Yu LI2   

  1. 1.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206,China
    2.Exploration and Development Research Institute of Southwest Oil and Gas Branch Company,SINOPEC,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China
  • Received:2022-06-05 Revised:2022-11-15 Online:2023-02-01 Published:2023-01-13

摘要:

油气藏中普遍发育多类、多尺度天然裂缝,其成因具有多期次性,规模具有多级次性,发育受多种地质因素综合控制,这些特点为裂缝的精细三维地质建模带来了很大挑战。以四川盆地元坝地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁相碳酸盐岩储层为例,提出了一种基于成因机理及主控因素约束的多尺度裂缝“分级-分期-分组”三维地质建模方法,认为多尺度裂缝建模应遵循等时约束、层次约束及成因控制等原则,建模过程中应充分开展裂缝地质研究,根据研究区实际建立合理的裂缝级次、期次划分方案,分级、分期开展裂缝三维建模。①大尺度裂缝主要采用确定性方法进行建模,中-小尺度裂缝则采用其成因机制和发育主控因素进行约束建模;②在裂缝分期、分组描述和参数统计获得关键地质规律认识的基础上,通过地质力学方法分期开展中-小尺度裂缝分布预测,进而采用“分期-分组”的思路进行建模;③最终将大尺度裂缝模型和中-小尺度裂缝模型进行融合,得到多尺度裂缝网络模型。元坝地区长兴组储层多尺度裂缝建模实践表明,上述建模方法可有效弥补传统方法在建立中-小尺度裂缝模型精度方面的不足。

关键词: 成因机理, 多尺度裂缝, 裂缝建模, 长兴组, 元坝地区, 四川盆地

Abstract:

Fractures of diverse types and multiple scales are widely distributed in oil/gas reservoirs. They feature multiple stages in terms of origin and different classes in terms of scale under the comprehensive control of various geological factors, posing great challenge for fine 3D geological modeling. The biohermal carbonate reservoir of the Upper Permian Changxing Fm. in Yuanba area, Sichuan Basin is taken as a case to establish a classified-staged-grouped 3D geological modeling method for multi-scale fractures constrained by genetic mechanisms and main controlling factors. It is proposed that the multi-scale fracture modeling should follow the principles of equivalent time constraint, hierarchical constraint and genetic control. According to the actual situation of the study area, geological factors for fracture generation should be fully considered in the modeling process, and a reasonable division scheme for fracture classes and developmental stages should be set for 3D fracture modeling. The large-scale fractures are mainly modeled by the deterministic method, while the medium-to-small-scale fractures are modelled according to their genetic mechanisms and main factors controlling fracture development. Following the understanding of critical geological patterns acquired from the staged and grouped description of fractures with relevant parameters collected, we carry out staged prediction of the medium-to-small-scale fracture distribution by geomechanical method, and then modeling in line with different stages and groups of fractures. Finally, the large-scale fracture model and the medium-to-small-scale fracture model are integrated to obtain the multi-scale fracture network model. Its application to the multi-scale fracture modeling of Changxing Fm. reservoir in Yuanba area shows that the method can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional methods in the accuracy of establishing medium-to-small-scale fracture models.

Key words: genetic mechanism, multi-scale fracture, fracture modeling, Changxing Fm., Yuanba area, Sichuan Basin

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