剩余压力差在超压盆地天然气高效成藏中的意义

doi:10.11743/ogg20070211

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

油气形成过程中的成藏动力可以由剩余压力差和浮力两部分共同表述.常压盆地中,浮力为主要成藏动力;超压盆地中,剩余压力差与浮力的和可以代表石油运移过程中的成藏动力、也可以反映天然气运移过程中的最小成藏动力.不同成藏过程中剩余压力差和浮力在整个成藏动力中的相对贡献表明,无论在垂向运移过程还是侧向运移过程,剩余压力差在天然气藏成藏动力中发挥了主导作用,是天然气藏形成的主要成藏动力.结合我国60余个气藏实例解剖发现,剩余压力差控制了天然气的成藏效率,低剩余压力差部位无法形成中、高效气藏,高剩余压力差是形成高效气藏的必要条件.

关键词: 剩余压力差, 浮力, 常压, 超压, 天然气, 高效成藏

Abstract:

Hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics can be described with excess differential pressure and buoyancy.In normal-pressure basins,buoyancy is the major force for hydrocarbon accumulation.While in over-pressured basins,the resultant force of excess pressure differential and buoyancy is the force for oil migration and the minimum force for gas accumulation.An analysis of the contributions of excess differential pressure and buoyancy to the total accumulation dynamics in different pooling processes indicates that the excess differential pressure dominates both the vertical and lateral gas migration and accumulation thus it is the major force for gas accumulation.Dissections of 60 or so gas reservoirs in China also point out that the excess differential pressure controls the efficiency of gas accumulation.Mid-or highly-efficient gas pools will not form in places where low excess differential pressure exists;and high excess differential pressure is a necessary condition for highly efficient gas accumulations.

Key words: excess differential pressure, buoyancy, normal pressure, overpressure, highly efficient gas accumulation

中图分类号:

TE112.2

柳广弟,孙明亮. 剩余压力差在超压盆地天然气高效成藏中的意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2007, 28(2): 203-208. doi: 10.11743/ogg20070211 Liu Guangdi,Sun Mingliang. Significance of excess differential pressure in highly efficient gas accumulation in over-pressured basins[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2007, 28(2): 203-208. doi: 10.11743/ogg20070211

参考文献

[1] 张厚福,方朝亮,高先志,等.石油地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.143～147
[2] 郝石生,黄志龙,高耀斌.轻烃扩散系数研究及天然气运聚动平衡原理[J].石油学报,1991,12(3):17～24
[3] 柳广弟,李剑,李景明,等.天然气成藏过程有效性的主控因素与评价方法[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(2):1～6
[4] England W A,Mackenzic A S,Mann D M,et al.The movement and entrapment of petroleum fluids in the subsurface[J].Journal of Geological Society,1987,44,327～347
[5] Mackenzie,Quigley T M.Principles of geochemical prospect appraisal[J].AAPG,1988,72(3):399～415
[6] Dembicki H,Anderson M J.Secondary migration of oil:experiments supporting efficient movement of separate,buoyant oil phase along limited conduits[J].AAPG,1989,73(8):1 018～1 021
[7] Hindle A D.Petroleum migration pathway sand charge concentration:a three～dimensional model[J].AAPG,1997,81 (9):1 451～1 481
[8] Ortoleva P J.Basin compartmentation:definitions and mechanisms[J].AAPG Memoir,1994,61:39～51
[9] Law B E,Shah S,Malik M.Abnormally high formation pressure,Porwar,Pakistan[J].AAPG Memoir,1998,70:247～258
[10] 马启富,陈斯忠,张启明.超压盆地与油气分布[M].北京:地质出版社,2000
[11] Hubbert M K.Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions[J].AAPG,1953,37(6):1 954～2 026
[12] 孙冬胜,金之钧,吕修祥,等.沉积盆地超压体系划分及其与油气运聚关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):14～20
[13] 赵文智,王红军,单家增,等.库车坳陷天然气高效成藏过程分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):703～710
[14] 张洪,何顺利,庞雄奇,等.克拉2气田成藏过程的物理模拟[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):23～26
[15] 邹华耀,郝芳,张伯桥,等.库车山前逆冲带超压流体主排放通道对油气成藏的控制[J].石油学报,2005,(2):11～14
[16] 李剑,谢增业,李志生,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷天然气气源对比[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(5):29～32
[17] 付广,吕延防,付晓飞,等.断层静止期垂向封气性评价标准的物理模拟实验及其应用[J].天然气工业,2005,(7):20～22
[18] 邹华耀,郝芳,柳广弟,等.库车冲断带巴什基奇克组砂岩自生高岭石成因与油气成藏[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(6):786～799
[19] Warbrick R E,Osborne M J.Mechanisms that generate abnormal pressure;An overview[A].In:Law B E,Ulmishek G F,Slavin VI,eds.Abnormal pressure in hydrocarbon environments:AAPG Memoir[C].Tulsa:AAPG,1998,13～43
[20] 杨克明.川西凹陷油气资源现状及勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(4):322～326
[21] 饶丹.川西坳陷上三叠统烃的运移相态研究[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(1):18～25
[22] 郝石生,陈章明,高耀斌,等.天然气藏的形成和保存[M].石油工业出版社,1995