准噶尔盆地沙湾凹陷构造-地层层序与盆地演化

doi:10.11743/ogg20180509

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究准噶尔盆地沙湾凹陷的构造-地层层序及盆地演化，不仅对于认识盆地结构及油气勘探具有重要意义，同时对中亚造山带构造演化的研究也具有一定的启示。文章利用井、震结合的思路，精细追踪地震同相轴，结合连井剖面对比，分析石炭纪以来各地层内部的削蚀及超覆尖灭关系，并结合相应的构造体制转换过程，将研究区综合划分出6个大的构造层。依据断层相关褶皱理论开展精细构造解释，并利用平衡剖面技术，重点分析了沙湾凹陷自晚石炭世以来的构造演化。研究认为沙湾凹陷的形成演化经历了晚石炭世伸展断陷、早二叠世伸展拗陷、中二叠世—晚三叠世前陆盆地、侏罗纪陆内拗陷及压扭盆地、白垩纪—古近纪陆内拗陷及新近纪—第四纪陆内前陆盆地7个阶段，其演化过程主要受周缘边界断裂带多期活动的控制。西边界的红车断裂带在晚海西运动中期（P₂），印支运动晚期（T₃）及燕山运动中晚期（J₂-E）的强烈扭压作用对沙湾凹陷的构造演化及相应地层的发育与分布影响最强。

关键词: 不整合面, 构造-地层层序, 盆地演化, 沙湾凹陷, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract: The study of tectono stratigraphic sequence and basin evolution in Shawan Sag,Junggar Basin,is of great signi-ficance both to the understanding of the basin structure and the petroleum exploration in this area,and to a certain extent to the understanding of the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.Seismic and well data were integrated to perform fine tracing of seismic events,and to analyze the truncation,overlapping and pinch-out within each sequence deposited since the Carboniferous in combination of correlation on well-tie profiles,and finally six major tectonic sequences were recognized according to the corresponding tectonic regime transformation processes.Additionally,the fine interpretation of tectonics was based on the theory of fault-related folds,and the tectonic evolution of Shawan Sag since the Late Carboni-ferous was discussed mainly according to the fine interpretation and the balanced cross-section technique.The results show that the formation and evolution of the Shawan Sag can be divided into seven stages,namely the Late Carboniferous extensional fault depression,the Early Permian extensional depression,the Middle-Permian-to-Late-Triassic foreland basin,the Jurassic intracontinental depression and transpressional basin,the Cretaceous-to-Paleogene intracontinental depression,and the Neogene-to-Quaternary intracontinental foreland basin.The evolution is mainly controlled by multi-stage activities of the peripheral boundary fault zones.The strong transpression of the Hongche fault belt to the west boundary of the sag during the middle of Late Hercynian movement(P₂),Late Indosinian movement(T₃),and Middle-to-Late Yan-shanian movement(J₂-E),is the most powerful factor affecting the tectonic evolution and associated stratigraphic development and distribution in the sag.

Key words: unconformity, tectono-stratigraphic sequence, basin evolution, Shawan Sag, Junggar Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.2

梁宇生,何登发,甄宇,等. 准噶尔盆地沙湾凹陷构造-地层层序与盆地演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(5): 943-954. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180509 Liang Yusheng,He Dengfa,Zhen Yu,et al. Tectono-stratigraphic sequence and basin evolution of Shawan Sag in the Junggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(5): 943-954. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180509

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