石油与天然气地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 502-515.doi: 10.11743/ogg20240214
收稿日期:
2023-10-06
修回日期:
2024-02-18
出版日期:
2024-04-30
发布日期:
2024-04-30
第一作者简介:
高和群(1983—),男,高级工程师,非常规油气实验及地质研究。E-mail:gaohequn@163.com。
基金项目:
Hequn GAO(), Yuqiao GAO, Xipeng HE, Jun NIE
Received:
2023-10-06
Revised:
2024-02-18
Online:
2024-04-30
Published:
2024-04-30
摘要:
为查明苏北盆地页岩油储层可压性特征及压后孔、缝变化规律,以古近系阜宁组二段(阜二段)为研究对象,对岩石力学特征、压裂效果及其影响因素进行研究。用计算机高分辨断层扫描成像技术(多尺度CT扫描)对岩样进行三维重构,获取孔、缝结构参数;开展地层围压下三轴力学实验,获取岩石力学参数;将压裂后的岩样按相同位置和方向再次进行多尺度CT扫描,获取压裂后三维孔、缝结构图像。根据应力-应变曲线特征,将本区页岩划分为3种类型。①1型页岩,为破裂曲线波浪下降,压后形成复杂网状缝页岩。②2型页岩,为破裂曲线类型多样,具波浪下降和垂直下降形状,压后缝网较发育的页岩。③3型页岩,为破裂曲线垂直下降,破裂后整体较完整,压后多形成纵向劈裂缝、缝网不发育的页岩。这3种类型页岩压后孔隙变化特征是:1型和2型页岩直径10 ~ 50 μm孔隙占比减少,直径50 ~ 100 μm孔隙增多,直径300 μm以上孔隙孔容贡献增大;3型页岩压裂前、后孔径分布及孔容贡献变化不明显。研究表明,抗压强度与弹性模量、剪切模量具有正相关关系,与泊松比具有V型曲线关系;碳酸盐和黏土矿物含量是控制本区页岩力学性质的主要因素,石英和有机碳含量为次要因素。孔隙度及纹层发育特征是页岩储层可压性特征的重要影响因素。
中图分类号:
表1
苏北盆地阜二段页岩油储层基础物性参数"
井号 | 样品编号 | 层位 | TOC/% | 孔隙度/% | 主要矿物含量/% | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
石英 | 黏土矿物 | 钾长石 | 斜长石 | 黄铁矿 | 方解石 | 白云石 | 方沸石 | |||||
QY1井 | 1-30 | Ⅳ | 2.5 | 1.9 | 41.5 | 25.9 | 0.8 | 4.2 | 2.5 | 21.0 | 2.4 | — |
1-69 | Ⅲ-3 | 1.7 | 0.9 | 24.9 | 17.9 | 0.6 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 44.7 | 1.9 | — | |
1-75 | Ⅲ-3 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 26.8 | 11.3 | 0.7 | 6.2 | 1.7 | 50.5 | 1.9 | — | |
1-126 | Ⅲ-1 | 0.5 | 5.9 | 14.5 | 24.0 | 1.7 | 8.8 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 30.4 | 11.1 | |
1-218 | Ⅱ-2 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 10.2 | 19.0 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 58.6 | 5.1 | |
1-238 | Ⅱ-1 | 0.4 | 4.5 | 18.2 | 22.2 | 1.4 | 11.4 | 1.8 | 15.3 | 27.6 | 2.1 | |
1-282 | Ⅰ-8 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 18.4 | 21.0 | 2.2 | 18.9 | 0.5 | 12.0 | 26.4 | 0.6 | |
1-303 | Ⅰ-7 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 25.1 | 13.6 | 1.9 | 14.3 | 2.8 | 10.2 | 31.2 | 0.9 | |
1-323 | Ⅰ-6 | 0.4 | 5.3 | 27.1 | 15.1 | 0.7 | 4.5 | 1.4 | 48.7 | 1.5 | — | |
1-345 | Ⅰ-5 | 1.3 | 3.1 | 24.7 | 23.6 | 2.7 | 12.9 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 30.4 | 0.9 | |
1-370 | Ⅰ-4 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 16.3 | 12.0 | 1.5 | 33.8 | 5.6 | 2.7 | 26.9 | 1.2 | |
1-391 | Ⅰ-3 | 0.6 | 5.0 | 29.2 | 28.0 | 2.8 | 18.3 | 3.1 | 10.0 | 6.3 | 2.3 | |
1-402 | Ⅰ-2 | 0.3 | 7.1 | 29.1 | 31.9 | 3.3 | 11.2 | 1.9 | 11.1 | 9.9 | 1.6 | |
1-428 | 阜一段 | 0.5 | — | 31.1 | 44.5 | 2.0 | 4.5 | 1.5 | 6.0 | 8.4 | 2.0 | |
1-441 | 阜一段 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 38.9 | 20.5 | 2.7 | 15.0 | — | 14.2 | 6.9 | 1.8 | |
QY2井 | 2-24 | Ⅲ-3 | 2.2 | 7.1 | 27.8 | 39.4 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 1.2 | 18.6 | — |
2-43 | Ⅲ-2 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 38.9 | 15.5 | 8.1 | 14.5 | 1.3 | 10.9 | 8.7 | 2.1 | |
2-61 | Ⅲ-1 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 27.9 | 21.2 | 2.4 | 10.8 | 2.1 | 6.8 | 11.4 | 17.4 | |
2-62 | Ⅲ-1 | 0.3 | 4.6 | 24.0 | 25.0 | 2.4 | 6.6 | 0.5 | 6.8 | 14.9 | 19.8 | |
2-76 | Ⅱ-4 | 2.2 | — | 7.8 | 6.5 | 0.1 | 9.5 | 1.0 | 68.0 | 5.9 | 1.2 | |
2-77 | Ⅱ-4 | 1.0 | 4.9 | 21.1 | 31.5 | 1.6 | — | 1.8 | 17.2 | 21.9 | 4.9 | |
2-87 | Ⅱ-3 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 15.1 | 13.4 | 1.0 | 5.4 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 56.7 | 1.0 | |
2-93 | Ⅱ-3 | 0.8 | 5.1 | 27.2 | 20.7 | 2.9 | 11.1 | 2.2 | 13.6 | 20.3 | 2.0 | |
2-100 | Ⅰ-6 | 0.4 | — | 19.2 | 28.0 | 1.9 | 4.9 | 2.2 | 8.7 | 20.5 | 14.6 | |
2-104 | Ⅰ-6 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 28.7 | 31.0 | 2.3 | 14.0 | 1.4 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 8.2 | |
2-110 | Ⅰ-5 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 22.6 | 28.2 | 3.1 | 12.5 | 2.3 | 6.3 | 17.6 | 7.4 | |
2-112 | Ⅰ-4 | 0.9 | 4.9 | 20.9 | 34.2 | 2.0 | 11.5 | 2.7 | 6.7 | 14.1 | 7.9 | |
2-121 | Ⅰ-4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 26.1 | 39.8 | 2.5 | 14.5 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 10.0 | 1.4 |
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