四川盆地及邻区上二叠统—下三叠统海槽的深水沉积特征

doi:10.11743/ogg20060517

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川盆地及邻区广元-旺苍、城口-鄂西、开江-梁平海槽是上二叠统—下三叠统飞仙关组(P₃—T_ƒ)的深水碳酸盐沉积区。该区上二叠统上部大隆组是硅质岩、硅质泥岩、硅质灰岩组合,含放射虫、有孔虫等化石,厚12.5～29.0 m,为海槽裂陷期凝缩沉积。三叠系飞仙关组下部为远洋沉积的暗色泥岩、微晶碎屑灰岩和重力流沉积的浊积岩、角砾灰岩组成的深水碳酸盐沉积,厚50.0～3000 m,是裂陷期后的海槽充填沉积。海槽相区沉积在晚二叠统世末达到最大海泛面沉积了大隆组。海平面缓慢下降期沉积了补偿充填性质的飞仙关组深水碳酸盐岩。海槽相区上二叠统一下三叠统飞仙关组构成了一个完整的三级层序。深水沉积物的有机碳平均值高达6.21%,是良好的烃源岩。但在海槽相区上二叠统不发育生物礁,飞仙关组缺乏鲕粒岩。

关键词: 深水碳酸盐, 硅质岩, 大隆组, 飞仙关组, 天然气储层, 开江-梁平海槽, 四川盆地

Abstract:

Three troughs,namely Guangyuan-Wangcang,Chengkou-Exi,and Kaijiang-Liangping,in Sichuan basin and its adjacent areas,is filled with deep water carbonates of the Upper Permian-Lower Triassic of Feixianguan Formation.The Dalong Formation in the upper part of the Upper Permian in the area is a condensed succession of 12.5-29m in thickness deposited in the troughs in the chasmic stage.It is composed of silicalite, siliceous mudstone,and siliceous limestone,with fossils such as radiolarans and foram.While the lower part of the Triassic Feixianguan Formation is a filled succession of 50-300m in thickness deposited in the troughs in post-chasmic stage.It is deep water carbonates consisting of a pelagic melanic mudstone and microcrystalline calclithite,as well as turbidites and breccia limestone from gravity flow.The Dalong Formation was deposited at the end of the late Permian when the maximum flooding surface occurred in the trough area.And the deep water carbonates of Feixianguang Formation were deposited during slow regression.The Upper Permian-Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation constitutes a complete third-order sequence.The deep water carbonates are source rocks of excellent quality with TOC up to 6.21%.But no organic reefs were developed in the Upper Permian and the Feixianguan Formation is lack of oolite.

Key words: deep water carbonates, silicalite, Dalong Formation, Feixianguan Formation, gas reservoir, Kaijiang-Liangping trough, Sichuan basin

中图分类号:

TE111.3

王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等. 四川盆地及邻区上二叠统—下三叠统海槽的深水沉积特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2006, 27(5): 702-714. doi: 10.11743/ogg20060517 Wang Yigang,Wen Yingchu,Hong Haitao,et al. Petroleum geological characteristics of deep water deposits in Upper Permian-Lower Triassic trough in Sichuan basin and adjacent areas[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2006, 27(5): 702-714. doi: 10.11743/ogg20060517

参考文献

[1] 王一刚,文应初,张帆,等.川东地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁分布规律[J].天然气工业,1998,18(6):10～15 Wang Yigang,Wen Yingchu,Zhang Fan,et al.Distrbution Law of the organic reefs in Changxing Formation of Upper Permian in East Sichun[J].Natural Gas Industy,1998,18(6):10-15
[2] 王一刚,陈盛吉,徐士琪.四川盆地古生界-上元古界天然气成藏条件及勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.2～19 Wang Yigang,Chen Shengji,Xu Shiqi.Formation conditions and exploration technique of gas reservoir for Paleozoic Erathem-Upper Proterozoic Suberathem in Sichaun basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2001.2-19
[3] 魏国齐,陈更生,杨威,等.四川盆地北部开江-梁平海槽边界及特征初探[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):99～105 Wei Guoqi,Chen Gengsheng,Yang Wei,et al.Preliminary study of the boundary of Kaijiang-Liangping trough in northern Sichuan basin and its characteristics[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(1):99-105
[4] 杜远生,殷鸿福,王治平,等.秦岭造山带晚加里东-早海西期的盆地格局与构造演化[J].地球科学,1997,22(4):401～405 Du Yuansheng,Yin Hongfu,Wang Zhiping,et al.The Late Caledoniasn-Early Hercynian basin's framework and tectonic evolution of Qinling orogenic belt[J].Earth Sciences,1997,22(4):401-405
[5] 罗自立.中国西南地区晚古生代以来地裂运动对石油等矿产形成的影响[J].四川地质学报,1981,2(1):1～17 Luo Zhili.Taphrogensis since Late Paleozoic and its influence on forming minerals as hydrocarbon et al in Southwest China[J].Acta Geologica Sichuan,1981,2(1):1-17
[6] Tucker M E,Wright V P.Carbonate sedimentology[M].Oxford:Blachwell Scientific Publications,1990.228-283
[7] 辜学达,刘啸虎.四川省岩石地层[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1997.147 Gu Xueda,Liu Xiaohu.Stratigaphy(Lithostric)of Sichuan province[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1997.147
[8] 冯增昭,杨玉卿,金振奎,等.中国南方二叠纪岩相古地理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1997.79～88 Feng Zengzhao,Yang Yuqing,Jin Zhenkui,et al.Lithofacies paleogeography of Permian of sonth China[M].Dongying,Shandong:Petroleum University Press,1997.79-88
[9] Heath K C,Mullins H T.Openocean,off-bank transport of fine-graind carbonate sediment in the northern Bahamas[A].In:Stow D A V,Piper D J W.Fine-grained sediments:deep water processes and facies[C].London:Blakwell Scientific Publications,1984.199-208
[10] Black M.The systematics of cocoliths in relation to the palaeontological record[A].In:Funnell B M,Riedel W R.The micropa-laeontology of oceans[C].Cambridge:Univesity Press,1971.611-624
[11] James N P,Kendall A C.Introduction to carbonate and evaporite favies models[A].In:Walker R G,Janes N P.Facies models:response to sea levelchange[C].Newfoundland:Geological Association of Canada Publications,1997
[12] Eberli G P,Anselmetti F S,Betzler C,et al.Carbonate platform to basin transitions on seismic data and in outcrops:Great Bahama Bank and the Maiella platform margin,Italy[A].In:Eberl G P,Masaferro J L,"Rick"Sarg J F.Seismic imaging of carbonate re-servoirs and systems[C].AAPG Memoir 81,2004.207-250
[13] Beloposky A V,Droxler A W.Seismic esprssions of prograding carbonate bank margins:Middle Miocene,Maldives,Indian Ocean[A].In:Eberl G P,Masaferro J L,"Rick"Sarg J F.Seismic imaging of carbonate reservoirs and systems[C].AAPG Memoir 81,2004.207-250
[14] 强子同,文应初,唐杰,等.四川及邻区晚二叠世沉积作用及沉积盆地的发展[J].沉积学报,1990,8(1):79～89 Qiang Zitong,Wen Yingchu,Tang Jie,et al.Sedimentology and basin evolution of the Upper Permian,Sichuan and west Hubei pro-vinces[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1990,8(1):79-89
[15] 王一刚,张静,刘兴刚,等.四川盆地东北部下三叠统飞仙关组碳酸盐蒸发台地沉积相[J].古地理学报,2005,7(3):357～371 Wang Yigang,Zhang Jing,Liu Xinggang,et al.Sedimentary facies of evaporative carbonate platform of the Feixianguan Formation of Lower Triassic in northeastern Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Palaeo-geography,2005,7(3):357-371
[16] 文应初,王一刚,陈绪彬,等.四川地区早三叠世飞仙关期碳酸盐台地增生与有利储集相带展布[J].天然气工业,1988,7(3):357～371 Weng Yinchu,Wang Yigang,Chen Xubin,et al.Extension of carbonate platform in Feixianguan age of Early Triassic and the distribution of favorable reservoir facies belts in Sichuan[J].Natural Gas Industry,1988,8(2):375-371
[17] 刘殊,唐建明,马永生,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组礁滩相储层预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):332～339 Liu Shu,Tang Jianming,Ma Yongsheng,et al.Prediction of reef and shoal facies reservoirs in Changxing-Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(3):332-339
[18] 马永生,牟传龙,谭钦银,等.关于开江-梁平海槽的认识[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):326～331 Ma Yongsheng,Mou Chuanlong,Tan Qinyin,et al.A discussion on Kaijiang-Liangping ocean trough[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(3):326-331