碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验

doi:10.11743/ogg20160502

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 627-633.doi: 10.11743/ogg20160502

碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验

刘文汇^1,2, 罗厚勇^1,2, 腾格尔^1,2, 王万春³, 王杰^1,2, 卢龙飞^1,2, 陶成^1,2, 王萍^1,2, 赵恒³

1. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214151;
2. 中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214151;
3. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所油气资源研究重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2015-10-10 修回日期:2016-08-14 出版日期:2016-10-08 发布日期:2016-11-07
作者简介:刘文汇(1957-),男,教授、博士生导师,油气地质、地球化学。E-mail:whliu.syky@sinopec.com。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2012CB214801）。

Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs

Liu Wenhui^1,2, Luo Houyong^1,2, Tenger^1,2, Wang Wanchun³, Wang Jie^1,2, Lu Longfei^1,2, Tao Cheng^1,2, Wang Ping^1,2, Zhao Heng³

1. Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Exploration & Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China;
2. SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China

Received:2015-10-10 Revised:2016-08-14 Online:2016-10-08 Published:2016-11-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解产物及其同位素演化特征，采集塔里木盆地塔河油田TK772井奥陶系鹰山组产层的原油，利用半开放实验体系“地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟仪”开展仿真碳酸盐岩储层条件的原油裂解成气模拟实验，并对实验气体产物地球化学特征进行分析。实验结果表明，碳酸盐岩中原油裂解成气过程主要受温度的影响，实验中硫酸镁的加入导致了TSR （硫酸盐热化学还原反应）的发生，影响了原油裂解过程及其产物特征，导致重烃规模裂解的温度降低，消耗大量重烃的同时导致大量非烃气体生成。原油裂解烷烃气碳同位素变化主要受热演化程度控制，表现为随温度的升高逐渐变重，但有硫酸盐存在的温度条件下烷烃气碳同位素序列发生部分倒转（δ¹³C₁< δ¹³C₂ >δ¹³C₃）。研究表明，碳酸盐岩储层中TSR反应会改变天然气的化学组成，是高含硫气藏中普遍存在的碳同位素序列倒转的重要原因。

关键词: 碳同位素, 原油裂解, TSR(硫酸盐热化学还原反应), 碳酸盐岩储层, 鹰山组, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: To study the characteristics of crude oil cracking and isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs,crude oil samples were collected from Well TK772 in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation,Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin.We carried out the simulation experiment of oil cracking into gas process under simulated carbonate reservoir conditions by using the semi-open experiment system "hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation instrument under the conditions of stratum-porosity and thermo-compression",and then analyzed the geochemical characteristics of gaseous products.The experiment results showed that oil cracking process in a carbonate reservoir was mainly influenced by temperature,and the occurrence of the TSR was caused by the adding of magnesium sulfate.TSR affected the oil cracking process and the characteristics of its products,resulting in the drop of temperature for the large scale cracking of heavy hydrocarbons,and the generation of large amount of non-hydrocarbon gases in addition to the consuming of large amount of heavy hydrocarbons.The alkane gas carbon isotopic composition is mainly controlled by thermal evolution degree.The carbon isotopes get heavier progressively along with the increasing of temperature,but the alkane gas carbon isotopic sequence partially reverses (δ¹³C₁< δ¹³C₂ >δ¹³C₃) at certain temperature intervals when sulfates exist.The study shows that TSR not only could alter the chemical composition of natural gas,but also might be an important factor for alkane gas carbon isotopic sequence reversion that is common in the carbonate gas reservoirs with high content of sulfur.

Key words: carbon isotope, crude oil cracking, TSR, carbonate reservoir, Yingshan Formation, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE135

刘文汇,罗厚勇,腾格尔,等. 碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(5): 627-633. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160502 Liu Wenhui,Luo Houyong,Tenger,et al. Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(5): 627-633. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160502

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碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验

Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs

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