页岩热模拟过程中液态烃含量变化及对物性的影响

doi:10.11743/ogg20200619

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1310-1320.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200619

页岩热模拟过程中液态烃含量变化及对物性的影响

邓模¹(), 段新国², 翟常博¹, 龙胜祥^3,⁴, 杨振恒¹, 郑伦举¹, 李章畅², 曹涛涛^5,*()

1. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
2. 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 四川成都 610059
3. 中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室, 北京 100083
4. 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
5. 湖南科技大学页岩气资源利用与开发湖南省重点实验室, 湖南湘潭 411201

收稿日期:2018-09-17 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-12-09
通讯作者: 曹涛涛 E-mail:dengmo.syky@sinopec.com;515165359@163.com
作者简介:邓模(1983-),男,高级工程师,页岩气地质评价。E-mail:dengmo.syky@sinopec.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05061);国家自然科学基金项目(41802163);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3152)

Variation in liquid hydrocarbon content during thermal simulation and its influence on physical property of shale

Mo Deng¹(), Xinguo Duan², Changbo Zhai¹, Shengxiang Long^3,⁴, Zhenheng Yang¹, Lunju Zheng¹, Zhangchang Li², Taotao Cao^5,*()

1. Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
3. Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Exploration&Production, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
4. Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
5. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Resource Exploitation, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China

Received:2018-09-17 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-12-09
Contact: Taotao Cao E-mail:dengmo.syky@sinopec.com;515165359@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩热模拟演化过程中，液态烃含量及赋存状态的变化是深入研究页岩孔隙演化和储层表征的重要内容。对川西北广元上寺剖面低成熟大隆组页岩进行半封闭体系热模拟实验，并对原岩及热模拟样品进行氩离子抛光扫描电镜观察、热模拟样品及其萃取液态烃后的样品开展低温氮气吸附实验。结果表明，低成熟大隆组页岩中有机孔不发育，随着热模拟温度的增加，有机孔开始发育、数量增多、孔径变大，比表面积和微孔体积显著增加且与热模拟温度具有较好的线性正相关性，但中、大孔体积随热模拟温度增加并未表现出明显的变化规律；TOC减少量与比表面积和孔隙体积之间具有较好的正相关性，说明有机质转化为油气过程中微孔数量显著增加。扫描电镜揭示液态烃主要赋存在页岩的晶间孔及已生成的有机孔内；随着热模拟温度增加，液态烃呈现先显著增加后急剧降低的现象，在热模拟温度为325℃和340℃时，液态烃具有最高含量，在热模拟温度450℃以后，液态烃的含量可忽略不计。萃取液态烃后，样品的氮气吸附能力普遍增强；热模拟样品的孔隙呈单峰型分布，孔峰分布在14.36~23.56 nm，而萃取样品的孔峰向更小的孔隙移动，分布在12.05~22 nm。萃取后样品的比表面积、微孔和中孔体积比热模拟样品显著增加，且比表面积和微孔体积与热模拟温度之间的相关性变好，反映了液态烃主要赋存在泥页岩的微孔及部分中孔内。

关键词: 液态烃, 萃取, 孔隙演化, 物性特征, 热模拟实验, 页岩, 大隆组, 四川盆地

Abstract:

In the process of thermal simulation, the changes of liquid hydrocarbon content and occurrence mode are important to the in-depth study of pore evolution and shale reservoir characterization.A thermal simulation experiment of semi-closed system was conducted on the low mature Dalong Formation shale from Shangsi section, Guangyuan area, Northwestern Sichuan Basin.The original shales and thermally simulated samples were subjected to argon ion milling-scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation.The simulated samples and their extracted samples to low temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment.The results show that organic pores are not well developed in the original Dalong Formation shale.With the increase of temperature in thermal simulation, organic pores begin to develop with increasing number and pore size.In addition, the specific surface area and pore volume also increase accordingly, and they are in a good linear positive correlation with the temperature in thermal simulation.However, there is no significant change in the mesopore and macropore volumes with the temperature increase.On the other hand, a positive correlation is suggested between TOC consumption and specific surface area, pore volume, indicating a significant increase of the number of micro-pores during the transformation from organic matter to hydrocarbon.The SEM observation revealed that liquid hydrocarbon mainly exists within shale inter-crystalline pores and organic pores, and its content is started with a quick leap but is followed by a sharp drop with temperature increase, reaching a peak at a thermal simulation temperature of 325 ℃ to 340 ℃, but almost drop to zero at a temperature of 450 ℃ or higher.After liquid hydrocarbon extracting, nitrogen adsorption capacity of the samples is generally enhanced.The samples' pore size distribution is single peaked with a peak within a pore size range of 14.36-23.56 nm, while for the liquid hydrocarbon extracted samples their peak pore size distribution moves to smaller pores of 12.06-22 nm.The specific surface area, micro-pore and mesopore volumes of the extracted samples increase significantly compared to those of the original samples in thermal simulation.The correlation between thermal simulation temperature and specific surface area, micropore volume becomes better for extracted samples, reflecting that the liquid hydrocarbon mainly exists in shale micro-pores and some mesopores.

Key words: liquid hydrocarbon, extraction, pore evolution, physical property, thermal simulation experiment, shale, Dalong Formation, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

邓模,段新国,翟常博,等. 页岩热模拟过程中液态烃含量变化及对物性的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(6): 1310-1320. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200619 Mo Deng,Xinguo Duan,Changbo Zhai,et al. Variation in liquid hydrocarbon content during thermal simulation and its influence on physical property of shale[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1310-1320. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200619

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样品编号	模拟温度/℃	TOC/%	S₁/(mg·g^-1)	S₂/(mg·g^-1)	HI/(mg·g^-1)	T_max/ ℃	氯仿沥青“A”含量/%
DL-O	原岩	9.83	1.03	37.70	371	440	1.11
DL-325	325	7.17	2.21	22.60	324	439	3.73
DL-340	340	7.30	4.84	18.81	258	438	3.34
DL-360	360	5.76	4.95	9.72	164	444	1.97
DL-400	400	6.26	2.56	246.00	35	571	0.59
DL-420	420	6.26	1.64	1.37	20	587	0.24
DL-450	450	7.71	0.53	0.56	7	605	0.04
DL-480	480	4.15	0.47	0.19	4	607	0.04
DL-500	500	4.10	0.14	0.12	3	607	0.02
DL-550	550	5.38	0.07	0.00	0	—	0.00

样品编号	模拟条件		氮气吸附结果
样品编号	地层压力/MPa	静岩压力/MPa	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)	孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	微孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	中孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)	大孔体积/(cm³·g^-1)
DL-O			0.92	0.006	0.000 2	0.003 0	0.003 3
DL-325	23	48	1.06	0.011	0.000 4	0.004 9	0.005 5
DL-340	34	70	1.08	0.013	0.000 5	0.005 7	0.007 0
DL-360	49	102	3.68	0.022	0.000 6	0.008 0	0.013 0
DL-400	53	110	3.02	0.024	0.001 0	0.010 9	0.011 7
DL-420	55	115	1.83	0.020	0.000 9	0.007 7	0.011 5
DL-450	58	120	2.18	0.019	0.001 0	0.008 2	0.010 3
DL-480	62	130	3.52	0.022	0.001 7	0.008 6	0.012 0
DL-500	67	140	6.84	0.027	0.003 3	0.010 1	0.014 0
DL-550	72	150	8.02	0.014	0.003 8	0.006 8	0.003 0

样品编号	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)	孔体积/(mL·g^-1)	微孔体积/(mL·g^-1)	中孔体积/(mL·g^-1)	大孔体积/(mL·g^-1)
DL-325-E	3.11	0.033	0.001 3	0.01 3	0.019
DL-340-E	3.72	0.032	0.001 4	0.01 4	0.017
DL-360-E	4.17	0.027	0.001 5	0.00 9	0.016
DL-400-E	7.76	0.040	0.003 3	0.01 5	0.022
DL-420-E	9.92	0.039	0.004 0	0.01 8	0.017
DL-450-E	8.26	0.018	0.003 5	0.01 0	0.004
DL-480-E	9.01	0.019	0.003 8	0.008 7	0.006 8
DL-500-E	9.58	0.039	0.004 1	0.014	0.021
DL-550-E	15.37	0.034	0.006 7	0.012	0.015

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页岩热模拟过程中液态烃含量变化及对物性的影响

Variation in liquid hydrocarbon content during thermal simulation and its influence on physical property of shale

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