石油与天然气地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 777-789.doi: 10.11743/ogg20250306

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国氦气勘探开发进展与展望

刘成林1,2(), 洪思婕1,2, 王馨佩1,2, 范立勇3, 王海东1,2, 陈践发1,2, 朱玉新4, 丁振刚1,2, 张雪1,2, 胡浩然1,2   

  1. 1.中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室,北京 102249
    2.中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院,北京 102249
    3.中国石油 长庆油田公司 勘探开发研究院,陕西 西安 710018
    4.中国石油 油气和新能源分公司,北京 100007
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-15 修回日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-06-26
  • 第一作者简介:刘成林(1970—),男,教授、博士研究生导师,油气成藏与资源评价。E‑mail: liucl@cup.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFA071900);国家自然科学基金项目(41872127);重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金项目(CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0108)

Progress and prospects of helium exploration and production in China

Chenglin LIU1,2(), Sijie HONG1,2, Xinpei WANG1,2, Liyong FAN3, Haidong WANG1,2, Jianfa CHEN1,2, Yuxin ZHU4, Zhengang DING1,2, Xue ZHANG1,2, Haoran HU1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum (Beijing),Beijing 102249,China
    2.College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum (Beijing),Beijing 102249,China
    3.Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China
    4.Oil,Gas & New Energies Company,PetroChina,Beijing 100007,China
  • Received:2024-07-15 Revised:2024-10-25 Online:2025-06-30 Published:2025-06-26

摘要:

氦气是重要的具有战略意义的资源,分析中国氦气勘探与开发进展及其勘探前景具有重大意义。研究分析了中国氦气勘探开发现状,梳理了中国典型含氦天然气田(藏)的地质条件,展望了中国氦气发展前景。研究认为:①氦气在中国主要与烃类或者非烃类气藏伴生,且富氦天然气藏具有多层、多类型分布特征,鄂尔多斯盆地、四川盆地和塔里木盆地是中国3大氦气富集盆地。②中国西部挤压型盆地以壳源氦气为主,少量为幔源氦气,与烃类和非烃类气藏伴生;中部盆地主要为壳源氦气,与烃类气藏伴生;东部拉张型盆地以壳-幔源氦气为主,主要与非烃类气藏伴生。③结合盆地构造背景,划分出7种氦气生运聚模式。④特殊的地质条件与构造演化史使中国具有不同于世界其他地区的氦气地质条件、资源潜力与分布特征。适合中国地质条件的氦气富集理论、对氦气资源潜力准确的认识和创新性的氦气勘探开发技术是中国氦气产量快速上升并稳定发展的关键。

关键词: 需求量, 产量, 勘探, 资源潜力, 氦气, 天然气

Abstract:

Helium is recognized as an important strategic resource, and analyzing the progress and prospects of helium exploration and development in China holds great significance. In this study, we analyze the current situation of helium exploration and development in China, organize the geological conditions of its typical helium-bearing gas fields (reservoirs), and discuss the prospects for helium development therein. The results indicate that associated with hydrocarbons or non-hydrocarbons, helium are usually found in both conventional and unconventional gas reservoirs. Helium-rich gas reservoirs in China span multiple strata and types, with the Ordos, Sichuan, and Tarim basins identified as three major helium-rich basins. In the compressional basins of western China, crust-derived helium predominates, followed by a small quantity of mantle-derived helium, both associated with hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons. In central China, the basins are dominated by crust-derived helium associated with hydrocarbons. In the extensional basins of eastern China, mixed crust-mantle-derived helium is predominant and is primarily associated with nonhydrocarbons. Furthermore, seven distinct helium generation-migration-accumulation patterns are identified in line with tectonic settings. Compared to other countries and regions worldwide, China exhibits unique geological conditions, resource potential, and distribution patterns for helium due to its special geological background and tectonic evolutionary history. The helium enrichment theories tailored to China’s geological conditions, an accurate understanding of helium resource potential, and innovative technologies for helium exploration and development are critical to the rapid increase in production and stable development of helium in China.

Key words: demand, production, exploration, resource potential, helium, natural gas

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