石油与天然气地质 ›› 1996, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (3): 177-184.doi: 10.11743/ogg19960302

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

层序地层地层基准面的识别、对比技术及应用

邓宏文1, 王洪亮1, 李熙喆2   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学, 北京 100083;
    2. 北京石油勘探开发科学研究院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:1996-07-12 出版日期:1996-09-25 发布日期:2012-01-16

IDENTIFICATION AND CORRELATION TECHNIQUES OF SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC BASE-LEVELS AND THEIR APPLICATION

Deng Hongwen1, Wang Hongliang1, Li Xizhe2   

  1. 1. China University of Geosciences, Beijing;
    2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, CNPC, Beijing
  • Received:1996-07-12 Online:1996-09-25 Published:2012-01-16

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摘要：

高分辨率的等时地层对比的关键是识别地层记录中代表多级次的基准面破回的多级次的地层旋回。每一级次的地层旋回内必然存在着能反映相应级次基准面旋回所经历时间的痕迹,其沉积和地层特征主要为:(1)单一相物理性质的垂向变化;(2)相序和相组合变化;(3)旋回叠加样式的改变;(4)地层几何形态与接触关系。这些特征均反映可容纳空间和沉积物补给通量比值(A/S)的变化。露头剖面、钻井剖面具有较高的分辩率,是高级次旋回识别的基础,可识别短期基准面旋回;测井曲线基准面旋回的确定,是在建立测井响应模型的基础上根据短期旋回的叠加样式识别中期基准面旋回;地震剖面由于受分辨率的限制只能识别中长期基准面旋回。基准面旋回的转换点,可作为高分辨率等时地层对比的优选位置,即基准面旋回的二分时间单元的划分界线。时间-空间图解是对地层剖面进行时间-空间反演的最有效方法,有助于检验层序对比的可靠性。几个具体应用实例说明,基准面旋回识别和旋回等时地层对比技术虽源于海相地层,但在非海相地层中,其原理和方法仍然适用。

关键词: 层序地层, 基准面旋回, 识别, 对比技术, 等时对比, 应用

Abstract:

The key of high resolution isochronostratigraphic correlation is to identify multi-order stratigraphic cycles that represent multi-order base-level cycles in stratigraphic record.There bound to exist certain marks recording the time that corresponding order base-level cycle experienced in each stratigraphic cycle.The sedimentary and stratigraphic characteristics of stratigraphic cycles are: 1.vertical variation in single-phase physical properties; 2.variation in factes sequences and factes assemblage; 3.changes in cyclic stacking pattern; 4.stratigraphic geometry and contact relation.These characteristics reflect the variation of the ratio between containing space and sediment alimentation.Outcrop profile and well profile have higher resolution, and could be used to identify short term base-level cycles; well log could be used to identify mid-term base-level cycles; seismic profile could only by used to identify mid to long term base-level cycles due to the limitation of its resolution.The turnround point of base-level cycle would be selected as optimum position of high resolution isochronostratigraphic correlation.Time-space diagram is very effective on time-space inversion of stratigraphic profile and on checking the reliability of stratigraphic correlation.It has been proved by practice that the techniques could also be used in nonmarine strata.