石油与天然气地质 ›› 1996, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 255-261.doi: 10.11743/ogg19960401

• 论文 •    下一篇

后期改造强烈──中国沉积盆地的重要特点之一

刘池洋   

  1. 西北大学含油气盆地研究所, 陕西西安 710069
  • 收稿日期:1995-12-14 出版日期:1996-12-25 发布日期:2012-01-16

STRONG LATE-REFORMATION:ONE OF THE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS IN CHINA

Liu Chiyang   

  1. Instiute of Oil and Gas Basin, Northwest University, Xian, Shaanxi
  • Received:1995-12-14 Online:1996-12-25 Published:2012-01-16

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摘要：

中国沉积盆地的一个重要特点是后期改造强烈。这由中国大陆本身的结构、演化和所处的特殊大地构造位置所决定,是中国沉积盆地的一大特点。中国沉积盆地后期改造具有以下显着特点:(1)波及广,在空间上差异明显;(2)强度大,盆地越老改造越强;(3)时间新,愈新愈烈;(4)期次多,不同期次特点有别。后期改造的地质作用主要有:构造运动、剥蚀(及搬运)作用、埋藏作用和热力作用。根据沉积盆地后期改造的性质、特点和强度以及可能恢复的程度,可大致分为5种类型:(1)初始面貌改观;(2)增添新的内容;(3)构造性质转化;(4)相对方位改变;(5)初始面目全非。各类型之间既有明显的区别,也有一定的联系和过渡。认识和研究中国沉积盆地后期改造强烈这一特点,对地质科学研究和沉积矿产勘探均有着十分重要的意义。

关键词: 后期改造, 沉积盆地, 油气地质, 中国, 大陆构造

Abstract:

Sedimentary basins of China are characterized by plenty of types and appearances,complex geological features. This is seldom found in the world. A further research on the basinswill enrich and develop the theory of basin geology. One of the most important characteristicsof the basins is strong late-reformations. This is caused by the configuration, evolution ofChina continent and its special tectonic location. The features of the late-reformation are asfollows: 1. The reformation almost occurred in all basins and differed spatially; 2. The reformation was violent. The earlier the basin was formed,the more reformation times the basinwould suffer; 3. The later the reformation took place,the stronger it would be; 4. The reformation occurred for many times. Each time of it differed differently. As for sedimental basinscontaining hydrocarbon resources,the main ge6logical functions resulted in the reformationinclude tectonic movement,denudation (transportation),deep burying and thermodynamics.According to the characters,the strength of the reformation,and the possible reconstruction degree of original basin,the reformation could be divided into five types: 1. The originalface of a basin has changed due to late-stage denudation. This resulted in the decreease of the basin range; 2. New geological phenomena, as the formation of NW trending structures inQ8idam Basin, took place; 3. Structural property has transformed. That is, Mesozoic shearcompression structures in the east part of North China Craton has transformed into transtensional structures in Triassic; 4. The relative positions of basins have changed. This can beseen from the reformation of original basins by Huanghua detachment structure in Bobal BayBasin and Shigouyi gliding nappe structure in the west margin of Ordos Basin;5. The originalshape of a basin has changed entirely.It is suggested that to understand and study the strong late-reformation of China’s sedimentary basins is very important for geology and for sedimental resources exploration.