页岩气储层微观储集空间研究现状及展望

doi:10.11743/ogg20150417

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从页岩气微观储层研究历程入手，总结页岩气微观储集空间的研究现状及进展，并探讨研究的不足和缺陷，提出科学展望，以期完善页岩气微观储层分类体系和理论。页岩气微观储集空间研究经历了随机观察和探索阶段及概念体系建立和实际应用阶段。页岩气微观储集空间分类方案繁多，代表性方案主要有基于孔隙尺寸、基于孔隙产状-结构和基于孔隙成因三大综合分类，各种分类标准和术语尚不统一。页岩微观储层孔隙演化研究逐步趋于定量化，微观孔隙发育控制因素复杂，沉积环境、构造背景、岩性及矿物组分控制了微观孔隙的类型及发育程度，有机碳含量（TOC）和干酪根类型影响有机质孔的发育，成岩演化直接控制着不同类型微观孔隙的发育和演化。针对页岩气微观储层研究现状，提出应进一步完善页岩气微观孔隙分类标准及划分方案，形成科学、客观、全面、系统的页岩气微观储层分类评价体系，加强微观孔隙发育控制因素定量研究，定量分析各种控制因素与各类孔隙的相关性，并不断改善测试手段，提高测量范围和精度，使页岩气微观储集空间直观、准确、全方位地展现和表征出来。

关键词: 微观储集空间, 孔隙类型, 孔隙演化, 页岩气储层

Abstract: Beginning with a review of the history of research on microscopic shale reservoir space, this paper presents the status and prospect of research on microscopic reservoir space of shale gas reservoirs in an attempt to improve the classification system and theory of microscopic pores of shale gas reservoirs.The study of the microscopic shale reservoir space can be divided into a random observation and exploratory stage in the earlier period and a stage of the establishment of conceptual system and its application in the recent period.There are lots of methods for classifying microscopic pores of shale reservoir, among which there are three most typical comprehensive classification schemes, namely pore size-based, pore occurrence-structure-based and pore origin-based schemes.However, there are no unified standards and terminologies for their classification.The study of the evolution of microscopic shale reservoirs is becoming more quantitative.The controlling factors for the development of microscopic pores are complex.The sedimentary environment, structural background, lithology and mineral components control the types of primary pores and the degree of their development.The total organic carbon(TOC)and the types of kerogen influence the development of pores within organic matters.The diagenetic stages directly control the development and evolution of different microscopic pores.In light of the status of study of microscopic shale gas reservoirs, a propose is brought forward here to further improve the classification standard of microscopic pores, so as to establish a scientific, objective, comprehensive and systematic microscopic reservoir classification and evaluation system.A quantitative study of the controlling factors needs to be strengthened to define the correlation of controlling factors and different microscopic pores.In addition, testing methods must be improved progressively for further enlarging the scope and enhancing the precision of measurement, realizing direct, accurate and stereo display of the microscopic pore space of shale reservoirs.

Key words: microscopic reservoir space, types of pores, pore evolution, shale gas reservoir

中图分类号:

TE132.2

张琴,刘畅,梅啸寒,等. 页岩气储层微观储集空间研究现状及展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(4): 666-674. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150417 Zhang Qin,Liu Chang,Mei Xiaohan,et al. Status and prospect of research on microscopic shale gas reservoir space[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(4): 666-674. doi: 10.11743/ogg20150417

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