三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩风化壳储层微纳米孔隙演变机制及与含油性关系

doi:10.11743/ogg20190612

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 1281-1294,1307.doi: 10.11743/ogg20190612

三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩风化壳储层微纳米孔隙演变机制及与含油性关系

田伟超^1,2,3, 卢双舫^1,3, 王伟明^1,2,3, 李进步^1,3, 李壮^1,3, 李杰⁴

1. 中国石油大学(华东) 深层油气重点实验室, 山东青岛 266580;
2. 山东省沉积成矿作用与沉积矿产重点实验室, 山东青岛 266590;
3. 中国石油大学(华东) 地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580;
4. 中国石油吐哈油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆哈密 839000

收稿日期:2018-11-29 修回日期:2019-08-12 出版日期:2019-12-28 发布日期:2019-10-15
通讯作者: 卢双舫(1962-),男,教授、博士生导师,油气地球化学与非常规油气勘探。E-mail:lushuangfang@qq.com。 E-mail:lushuangfang@qq.com
第一作者简介:田伟超(1990-),男,博士研究生,非常规油气地质。E-mail:b16010038@s.upc.edu.cn。
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目（41672125）；国家油气重大专项（2017ZX05070-001）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目（18CX06033A）。

Evolution mechanism of micro/nano-scale pores in volcanic weathering crust reservoir in the Kalagang Formation in Santanghu Basin and their relationship with oil-bearing property

Tian Weichao^1,2,3, Lu Shuangfang^1,3, Wang Weiming^1,2,3, Li Jinbu^1,3, Li Zhuang^1,3, Li Jie⁴

1. Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;
2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral, Qingdao, Shandong 266590, China;
3. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China;
4. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Tuha Oilfield Company Ltd., PetroChina, Kumul, Xinjiang 839000, China

Received:2018-11-29 Revised:2019-08-12 Online:2019-12-28 Published:2019-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综合应用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、全岩矿物分析、低温氮气吸附和高压压汞实验对三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩风化壳储层孔隙结构进行表征，并进一步探讨微纳米孔隙演变机制，同时结合油气显示资料或试油资料揭示孔喉结构对储层含油性的影响。结果表明：火山岩风化壳储层发育溶蚀孔、残余气孔、晶间孔、裂缝四类储集空间；吸附-脱附等温曲线中的回滞环以H2型和近H2为主，且样品整体退汞效率都很低，在24.26%~44.91%，暗示孔隙形状以墨水瓶型为主；储层孔径主要分布在1 μm以下，局部发育微米级残余气孔和溶孔。火山岩原始矿物组成中辉石含量越低、斜长石含量越高，会导致岩浆期后热液作用阶段形成低含量绿泥石、高含量沸石，后期储层可以得到有效改造，品质变好。Swanson参数及其对应半径（r_apex）可以很好地揭示储层基质渗透率，且Swanson参数与火山岩风化壳储层含油性关系最好。当Swanson参数大于2时，储层为油层，介于0.86和2之间，表现为差油层，小于0.86时，储层多为干层。Swanson参数可作为指示储层含油性的关键参数，可为有利区的优选提供依据。

关键词: 孔隙结构, 演变机制, 含油性, 火山岩风化壳储层, 三塘湖盆地

Abstract: Various data including casting thin section,scanning electron microscopy (SEM),XRD whole-rock mineral analysis,low-temperature nitrogen adsorption (LTNA) and high pressure mercury injection (HPMI) experiments are integrated to characterize the micro/nano-scale pore structure of the volcanic weathering crust reservoir in the Kalagang Formation (C₂k),Santanghu Basin,study in-depth the evolution mechanism of micro/nano-scale pores,and reveal the effect of pore throat structure on the oil-bearing property of reservoir in combination with oil/gas shows and formation testing data.The results show as follows.Four types of reservoir space,namely dissolution pores,residual pores,intercrystalline pores and fractures,are recognized in the volcanic weathering crust reservoir.The adsorption-desorption isotherm curves are dominated by hysteresis loops of Type H2 or near Type H2,and the efficiency of mercury ejection is quite low,varying from 24.26% to 44.91%,in samples as a whole,suggesting that the pores are mainly ink-bottle shaped.The reservoir is dominated by a pore size of below 1 μm,with micro-scale residual pores and dissolved pores developed locally.The lower content of pyroxene and the higher content of plagioclase in the original mineral composition of the volcanic rocks,will result in the development of low-content chlorite and high-content zeolite in the post-magmatic hydrothermal stage.Thereafter the volcanic reservoir can be effectively modified and get better in quality.The Swanson parameter and r_apex can well demonstrate its matrix permeability.However,the Swanson parameter is closely related with the oil-bearing property of volcanic weathering crust reservoirs.When the Swanson parameter is greater than 2,the reservoirs are the oil layers; when it varies between 0.86 and 2,the reservoirs are poor pay zones; while when it is less than 0.86,the reservoirs are mostly dry layers.In conclusion,the Swanson parameter can be used as a key parameter to indicate the oil-bearing property of reservoir,and provide a basis for play fairway selection.

Key words: pore structure, evolution mechanism, oil-bearing property, volcanic weathering crust reservoir, Santanghu Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

田伟超,卢双舫,王伟明,等. 三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩风化壳储层微纳米孔隙演变机制及与含油性关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(6): 1281-1294,1307. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190612 Tian Weichao,Lu Shuangfang,Wang Weiming,et al. Evolution mechanism of micro/nano-scale pores in volcanic weathering crust reservoir in the Kalagang Formation in Santanghu Basin and their relationship with oil-bearing property[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(6): 1281-1294,1307. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190612

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三塘湖盆地卡拉岗组火山岩风化壳储层微纳米孔隙演变机制及与含油性关系

Evolution mechanism of micro/nano-scale pores in volcanic weathering crust reservoir in the Kalagang Formation in Santanghu Basin and their relationship with oil-bearing property

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