石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 928-940.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200504
张天付1,2(), 黄理力1,2,*(), 倪新锋1, 熊冉1,2, 杨果3, 孟广仁2, 郑剑锋1, 陈薇1
收稿日期:
2020-03-31
出版日期:
2020-10-28
发布日期:
2020-10-22
通讯作者:
黄理力
E-mail:zhangtf_hz@petrochina.com.cn;huangll_hz@petrochina.com.cn
第一作者简介:
张天付(1983-),男,工程师,碳酸盐岩储层地质学和实验地质学。E-mail:基金项目:
Tianfu Zhang1,2(), Lili Huang1,2,*(), Xinfeng Ni1, Ran Xiong1,2, Guo Yang3, Guangren Meng2, Jianfeng Zheng1, Wei Chen1
Received:
2020-03-31
Online:
2020-10-28
Published:
2020-10-22
Contact:
Lili Huang
E-mail:zhangtf_hz@petrochina.com.cn;huangll_hz@petrochina.com.cn
摘要:
作为紧邻中寒武统膏岩层的第一套白云岩地层,下寒武统吾松格尔组的岩性组合及其成因认识对塔里木盆地寒武系盐下油气勘探由“近源”转向“盐间和盐相关”具有重要的战略意义。以夏特等野外露头为主,结合典型井位,梳理了柯坪地区吾松格尔组的岩性组合、储集空间类型,讨论了沉积相演化与储层成因,结果表明:①柯坪地区吾松格尔组以潮坪相为主,主要发育混积坪、云坪、膏云坪和颗粒滩沉积,对应岩性有含陆源碎屑泥质泥晶白云岩、泥质泥粉晶白云岩、颗粒白云岩、粉晶藻白云岩、叠层石白云岩及膏质白云岩等;②储层主要发育于藻相关的颗粒白云岩、粉晶藻白云岩、藻叠层白云岩,储集空间分别为粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和晶间微溶孔;③颗粒滩发育于潮坪背景下海进过程中的潮间高能带,叠加准同生期大气淡水溶蚀,形成粒间溶孔;④粉晶藻白云岩主要发育于云坪和膏云坪,微生物诱导的白云石调整和膏盐等易溶物质的溶蚀是晶间孔和晶间微溶孔形成的关键。综合柯坪地区吾松格尔组的构造高部位特征、膏盐潮坪背景、岩性组合及其成因等,指出环塔南隆起和牙哈-轮南凸起等周缘发育6个吾松格尔组有利勘探区。
中图分类号:
图3
塔里木盆地柯坪地区下寒武统吾松格尔组典型岩性 a.石英质泥质泥晶白云岩,石英纹层状或团块状分布,吾松格尔组底部,萨瓦普齐剖面;b.泥质泥粉晶白云岩,白云石多为粉晶级,晶间充填泥质,吾松格尔组下部,夏特剖面;c.粉晶藻白云岩,发育晶间溶孔,吾松格尔组上部,轮探1井,埋深8 166 m;d.藻砂屑白云岩,藻砂屑重结晶,见粒间溶孔,吾松格尔组中部,夏特剖面;e.亮晶生屑砂屑白云岩,窗格孔,具弱粘结作用,吾松格尔组下部,苏盖特布拉克剖面;f.藻砂屑白云岩,重结晶强烈,发育粒间溶孔和晶间溶孔,吾松格尔组上部,夏特剖面;g.叠层石白云岩,发育晶间孔,层间方解石和石英充填,吾松格尔组上部,夏特剖面;h.角砾状白云岩,发育砾间溶孔和晶间溶孔,方解石胶结,吾松格尔组上部,夏特剖面;i.膏质胶结粉细晶藻云岩,浅色组分为石膏,中深5井,埋深6 596.76 m"
图7
塔里木盆地柯坪地区夏特剖面吾松格尔组天然样品微生物发育特征场发射扫描电镜图像及其与前人研究对比 a.药彦辰等(2018)实验室内利用Natrinema sp.J7-1嗜盐古菌合成的球形白云石[30];b.由雪莲等(2014)于塔里木盆地中寒武统发现的硅质成分为主的圆球状、哑铃状微生物白云石中间体[36];c.泥粉晶藻云岩中的棒状嗜盐古菌;d.嗜盐古菌位于白云石晶体内部;e.嗜盐古菌聚合体及EPS;f.白云石晶体与菌藻体有机共生;g.晶体内部可见菌藻体,顶点处可见硅藻球;h.菱形和似球状的有机菌藻体, Ca和Mg富集;i.粉细晶藻云岩中菌藻体发育,菌藻体位于白云石晶体内部、晶体与晶体的结合部,菌藻体群里可见许多哑铃状、球状的白云石中间体,菌藻体与白云石之间通过胞外聚合物(EPS)粘结"
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