石油与天然气地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 207-218.doi: 10.11743/ogg20220117

• 方法技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地塔河油田托甫台区奥陶系碳酸盐岩断溶体系层次建模方法

张文彪1(), 张亚雄1, 段太忠1, 李蒙1, 赵华伟1, 汪彦2   

  1. 1.中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
    2.中国石化 西北油田分公司,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-12 修回日期:2021-12-06 出版日期:2022-02-01 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 作者简介:张文彪(1984—),男,高级工程师,油气田开发地质及三维地质建模。E?mail:zwb.syky@sinopec.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略先导A项目(XDA14010204);中国石化科技部项目(P18042)

Hierarchy modeling of the Ordovician fault-karst carbonate reservoir in Tuoputai area, Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China

Wenbiao Zhang1(), Yaxiong Zhang1, Taizhong Duan1, Meng Li1, Huawei Zhao1, Yan Wang2   

  1. 1.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
    2.Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
  • Received:2020-06-12 Revised:2021-12-06 Online:2022-02-01 Published:2022-01-28

摘要:

断控岩溶储集体(断溶体)作为缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层的一种特殊类型,受大型走滑断裂带影响,其空间结构复杂、形态不规则且随机性强,给三维精细描述及地质建模带来新的挑战。基于多元、多尺度研究资料,对塔里木盆地塔河油田断溶体系结构层次进行了划分,并提出了断溶体系 “层次约束、成因控制、逐级建模”的建模思路。结果表明:断溶体系按照形成过程及尺度规模划分为走滑断裂破碎带、断溶体、断溶体内部缝洞带、溶洞充填4个层次。以地震精细相干解释得到的主干断裂、次级断裂、包络范围及关键层位为确定性数据,建立走滑断裂破碎带格架模型。基于地震FL(fault likelihood)属性,通过属性自动分割及钻井标定,采用确定性方法建立断溶体轮廓模型。在断溶体轮廓的约束下,对内部缝洞带各要素采用分类建模方法,基于地震Texture属性及蚂蚁体属性截断,人机交互,采用确定性方法分别建立大型溶洞模型及中尺度裂缝离散分布模型;基于井点条件数据控制及地质-地震综合概率体约束,采用序贯指示模拟和示性点过程模拟方法,分别得到溶蚀孔洞分布模型及小尺度裂缝离散分布模型;基于波阻抗与大型洞穴约束,采用序贯指示模拟方法建立洞穴内部岩性充填模型。以塔里木盆地塔河油田托甫台区典型断溶体单元为例,建立的断溶体系三维模型体现了空间层次结构特征。

关键词: 地质建模, 断控岩溶, 缝洞型储层, 碳酸盐岩, 塔河油田, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Reservoirs of fault-karst type, special to the carbonate reservoir of the fractured-vuggy type, feature complicated storage structure, irregular geometry and stochastic spatial distribution under the impact of large strike-slip fault zones, which is bound to bring new challenges to their 3D quantitative characterization and geological modeling. Based on diversified research data of multiple scales, the hierarchical scheme of fault karst is established in Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin, focusing on the principles of hierarchical constraint, genetic control and hierarchical modeling. The results show that the fault-karst hierarchy can be divided into four levels according to genesis and scale, namely the strike-slip faulted fracture zone, the fault karst, the fractured-vuggy zone inside the fault karst, and the karst cavern filling. In detail, the strike-slip faulted fracture zone framework model is established with deterministic data of the main and secondary faults, envelope range and key geological horizons obtained from fine interpretation of seismic coherence. Based on the seismic fault likelihood (FL) attribute, the external envelope model of the fault karst is established with deterministic method through automatic attribute segmentation and drilling calibration. With the constraint of the external envelope, the internal architecture elements are classified and modeled. Besides, a large-scale karst cavern model and a mesoscale discrete fracture distribution model are established with deterministic method based on seismic attributes such as texture and ant tracking truncation. As controlled by well data and constrained by seismic-geological probability, the sequential indication simulation and object-based marked point process simulation methods are applied to obtain the dissolved pore distribution model and the small-scale fracture discrete distribution model respectively. A filling model of the karst cavern is built by sequential indication simulation as constrained by wave impedance and large-scale cavern. Finally, a typical fault-karst reservoir in Tuoputai area, Tahe oilfield, is studied as an example to test the modeling method mentioned above, and the 3D integrated model thereby built can reflect the spatial hierarchy of the fault-karst carbonate reservoir.

Key words: geological modeling, fault karst, fractured-vuggy reservoir, carbonate rock, Tahe oilfield, Tarim Basin

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