石油与天然气地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 246-260.doi: 10.11743/ogg20250117

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地顺北地区上奥陶统恰尔巴克组烃源岩有机地球化学特征及勘探意义

何帅1,2,3(), 马安来1(), 云露4, 曹自成4, 李贤庆2,3, 黄诚4, 张国松1, 胡松1, 王铁一1, 彭威龙1, 朱志立1, 崔福田1,2,3   

  1. 1.中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102260
    2.中国矿业大学(北京) 煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,北京 100083
    3.中国矿业大学(北京) 地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京 100083
    4.中国石化 西北油田分公司,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-22 修回日期:2024-12-27 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 马安来 E-mail:2592724745@qq.com;maal.syky@sinopec.com
  • 第一作者简介:何帅(2001—),男,硕士研究生,油气地质和地球化学。E‑mail: 2592724745@qq.com
  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42272167);中国石油化工股份有限公司科技部项目(P23167);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2022YJSMT03)

Organic geochemical characteristics and exploration significance of the Upper Ordovician Qrebake Formation source rocks, Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

Shuai HE1,2,3(), Anlai MA1(), Lu YUN4, Zicheng CAO4, Xianqing LI2,3, Cheng HUANG4, Guosong ZHANG1, Song HU1, Tieyi WANG1, Weilong PENG1, Zhili ZHU1, Futian CUI1,2,3   

  1. 1.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102260,China
    2.State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
    3.College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
    4.Northwest Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China
  • Received:2024-10-22 Revised:2024-12-27 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-03-03
  • Contact: Anlai MA E-mail:2592724745@qq.com;maal.syky@sinopec.com

摘要:

塔里木盆地顺北地区上奥陶统恰尔巴克组烃源岩是近期勘探新发现的烃源岩层系,研究恰尔巴克组地球化学特征对下一步油气勘探具有重要有意义。对顺北地区6口钻井烃源岩样品进行了地球化学实验分析测试,对烃源岩有机质丰度、类型和热演化特征进行地球化学综合研究,研究结果表明:①6口钻井上奥陶统恰尔巴克烃源岩主要为灰黑色泥岩、深灰色灰质泥岩和深灰色泥质灰岩。灰黑色泥岩总有机碳含量(TOC)为0.20 % ~ 2.81 %,平均值为1.59 %,岩石热解生烃潜量(S1+S2)为0.43 ~ 12.05 mg/g,平均值为5.59 mg/g。深灰色灰质泥岩TOC为0.46 % ~ 2.24 %,平均值为1.47 %,S1+S2为0.18 ~ 1.97 mg/g,平均值为0.91 mg/g。深灰色泥质灰岩TOC为0.22 % ~ 3.41 %,平均值为1.72 %,S1+S2为1.37 ~ 18.56 mg/g,平均值为9.04 mg/g。SB5井、SB7井和SB71X井区有机质丰度最高。②恰尔巴克组烃源岩形成于弱还原偏咸水的海相沉积环境中,母质来源以低等水生藻类为主。大部分样品氢指数(HI)介于289 ~ 512 mg/g,平均值为416 mg/g,为腐殖-腐泥型(Ⅱ1)有机质,具有较高的生烃潜力。③SB7井恰尔巴克组烃源岩等效镜质体反射率(Ro)介于0.55 % ~ 0.88 %,平均值为0.72 %,为低成熟-中等成熟阶段;SB71X井恰尔巴克组烃源岩Ro介于0.53 % ~ 0.70 %,平均值为0.62 %,为低成熟阶段;SB5井恰尔巴克组烃源岩Ro介于0.85 % ~ 0.95 %,平均值为0.90 %,达到中等成熟阶段。④恰尔巴克组烃源岩厚度为20 ~ 25 m,主要分布在顺北地区5号断裂带和7号断裂带台内洼地。

关键词: 生物标志化合物, 分子地球化学, 烃源岩, 恰尔巴克组, 奥陶系, 顺北地区, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Source rocks in the Upper Ordovician Qrebake Formation in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin have been newly discovered in recent exploration. Investigating their geochemical characteristics holds great significance for future hydrocarbon exploration. Using comprehensive geochemical experiments, analyses, and tests on source rock samples from six wells in the Shunbei area, we explore their organic matter abundance, types, and thermal maturity in the Upper Ordovician Qrebake Formation. The results indicate that the selected source rocks consist primarily of grayish-black mudstones, dark gray calcareous mudstones, and dark gray argillaceous limestones. The grayish-black mudstones, among others, exhibit total organic carbon (TOC) content ranging from 0.20 % to 2.81 % (average: 1.59 %) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis-based hydrocarbon generative potential (S1+S2) from 0.43 to 12.05 mg/g (average: 5.59 mg/g). The dark gray calcareous mudstones show TOC content varying from 0.46 % to 2.24 % (average: 1.47 %) and S1+S2 from 0.18 to 1.97 mg/g (average: 0.91 mg/g). In contrast, the dark gray argillaceous limestones manifest TOC content ranging from 0.22 % to 3.41 % (average: 1.72 %) and S1+S2 from 1.37 to 18.56 mg/g (average: 9.04 mg/g). Notably, wells SB5, SB7, and SB71X present source rocks of the highest organic matter abundance. Source rocks in the Qrebake Formation are formed in a weakly reducing, brackish marine sedimentary environment, with parent materials originating primarily from low aquatic algae. Most samples exhibit hydrogen index (HI) values ranging between 289 and 512 mg/g (average: 416 mg/g), suggesting humic-sapropelic organic matter (Type Ⅱ1) with high hydrocarbon generative potential. Source rocks from well SB7 present vitrinite equivalent reflectance (Ro, eq) ranging from 0.55 % to 0.88 % (average: 0.72 %), indicating low-to-moderate maturity. In well SB71X, the Ro, eq ranges from 0.53 % to 0.70 % (average: 0.62 %), suggesting low-maturity source rocks. Meanwhile, source rocks from well SB5 display Ro,eq between 0.85 % and 0.95 % (average: 0.90 %) of moderate maturity. Source rocks in the formation measure from 20 to 25 m in thickness, distributed primarily in the intra-platform depressions in the Nos. 5 and 7 fault zones in the Shunbei area.

Key words: biomarker, molecular geochemistry, source rock, Qrebake Formation, Ordovician, Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

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