石油与天然气地质 ›› 1997, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (4): 343-348.doi: 10.11743/ogg19970415

• 论文 • 上一篇    

研究起点与科学观察

贺自爱, 彭玉娥, 徐言岗, 杨建超   

  1. 石油与天然气地质编辑部 湖北荆州 434100
  • 收稿日期:1997-08-11 修回日期:1997-09-21 出版日期:1997-12-25 发布日期:2012-01-18

RESEARCH START POINT AND SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION

He Ziai, Peng Yu'e, Xu Yangang, Yang Jianchao   

  1. Oil & Gas Geology Editorial Board, Jingzhou, Hubei
  • Received:1997-08-11 Revised:1997-09-21 Online:1997-12-25 Published:2012-01-18

PDF (PC)

725

被引次数

3

摘要：

鉴于地学研究中的某些偏向,对研究起点与科学观察这两个基本问题,就思维和方法方面进行了讨论。研究起点实质是个继承问题,只有继承方能创新和发展。起点的确定建筑在对文献研究的广度和深度,这是正确选择起点的关键。科技文献不能代替研究者的思维,但却能给研究者以启迪。只有善于利用文献方能站在学科已经达到的高度,确定新的研究思路、采取新的研究方法、形成新的思维指向、构成新的研究起点。科学观察是感官直觉与思维的结合,高效观察的关键:一是要有选择;二是要察疑于微。自发观察和诱发观察,构成科学观察中两个密不可分的重要环节。尤其是对引起诱发观察的意外现象,应有高度的敏感,往往可以由此引发新的发现,导致意想不到的结果,善于求异方是科学观察的核心。

关键词: 研究起点, 科学观察, 思维, 方法

Abstract:

Abstract In view of some tendencies in geological study,the thinking and method relating to two basic problems-research start point and scientific observation are discussed in this paper.Research start point is essentially a problem of inheritance.The setting of start point should be based on the scope and depth of scientific and technical document study,and this is the key problem of setting start point.Scientific and technical documents can not replace researches' thinking,but can give them inspiration.Only be good at using the documents can one stand on the top of subject's present level to determine new research thinking,to adopt new method,set new thinking direction and new start point.Scientific observation is the conbination of sensation and thinking.The key of efficient observation includes selective observation and finding problem from minuteness.Sponteneous observation and induced observation are two inseparable links.Unexpected phenomena that result in induced observation usually lead to new discovery and unexpected achievements.So be good at finding out differences is the nucleus of the observation.