石油与天然气地质 ›› 2007, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 337-344.doi: 10.11743/ogg20070306

• 油气地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

南里海盆地泥火山构造及其对油气成藏的影响

段海岗1,2, 陈开远1, 史卜庆2   

  1. 1. 中国地质大学, 北京, 100083;
    2. 中国石油天然气勘探开发公司 海外研究中心, 北京, 100083
  • 收稿日期:2006-05-17 出版日期:2007-06-25 发布日期:2012-01-16

Mud volcano structure in South Caspian Basin and its impact upon hydrocarbon accumulation

Duan Haigang1,2, Chen Kaiyuan1, Shi Buqing2   

  1. 1. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083;
    2. CNODC Overseas Research Center, CNPC, Beijing 100083
  • Received:2006-05-17 Online:2007-06-25 Published:2012-01-16

PDF (PC)

536

被引次数

36

摘要：

泥火山构造在地震相上为不连续、弱振幅的空白反射或杂乱反射,呈柱状与围岩不整合接触。其分布规律受盆地应力场和构造活动带的控制,在盆地边缘山前冲断带泥火山最发育,盆地中心发育较少,同一构造带上泥火山沿主断层和背斜发育带走向呈串珠状分布。泥火山构造具有幕式活动的特点,并在浅层伴生放射状正断层和塌陷补偿构造。按照泥火山构造成因和构造特征可以划分为背斜型、走滑断层型和逆冲断层型3种。区域地质背景、挤压走滑应力场下的构造活动、快速而具有特色的沉积地层和地层超压环境是该地区泥火山构造形成的主要原因。泥火山构造对油气生成、运移、聚集、保存和破坏以及构造圈闭形成、储集层发育有不同程度的影响。

关键词: 泥火山, 构造特征, 构造类型, 形成机制, 快速沉积, 油气成藏, 南里海盆地

Abstract:

Mud volcano structures appear as discontinuous blank to chaotic reflections with weak amplitudes in seismic facies,and are in columnar uncomformable contact with adjacent rocks.Controlled by stress field and tectonic active belt of the basin,the mud structures are better developed in the piedmont thrust belt on the basin margin in the center of subsidence.In the same structural belt,mud volcanoes occur in paternoster distribution along trend of the major fault and anticlinal zone.Mud volcano structures are characterized by episodic eruption with radial normal faults and slump structures developed in shallow layers.The volcano structures can be classified into anticlinal,strike-slip fault,and thrust types,according to their origins and characteristics.Geological background,tectonic activity in compressional strike-slip stress field,rapid sedimentation and abnormal formation pressure,are the major reason behind the formation of mud volcano structures.The mud volcano structures exert influences over the hydrocarbon generation,migration,accumulation,preservation,and destruction as well as trap formation,and development of reservoirs.

Key words: mud volcano, structural feature, structural type, forming mechanism, rapid sedimentation, hydrocarbon accumulation, South Caspian basin

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