川中地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏气水分布形成机理

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 川中地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏因气源供应不足形成了气水过渡带；因成藏充注较早导致了区域大面积含气；因砂岩储层致密造成了气水混杂分布；由局部构造幅度控制了气水分异程度；由储层裂缝提供了气水渗流通道。该区须家河组气藏气水分布的形成机理可归纳为：晚三叠世末至晚侏罗世的未熟-低熟天然气在局部构造控制下于构造闭合高点处形成纯气顶；早白垩世—古近纪大量生成的天然气因砂岩储层致密而无法完全驱替出孔隙水，形成气水混杂分布格局；古近纪以来的喜马拉雅运动形成大量裂缝，改善了储层物性，在裂缝发育带聚集成藏。

关键词: 气水分布, 致密砂岩气藏, 须家河组, 川中地区

Abstract: Tight sandstone gas reservoirs of the Xujiahe Formation in central Sichuan Basin were observed to have many features.They contain gas-water transition zones that may be due to inadequate supply of gas from source rocks,pervasive gas distribution possibly as a result of early gas charging during gas accumulation,mixed gas/water distribution because of the tightness of sandstone reservoirs,control of local structural amplitude on gas-water differentiation and fractures acting as seepage channels for gas and water.The gas-water distribution pattern in the reservoirs may be explained as follows:immature-low mature gas that were generated during the Late Triassic to Late Jurassic accumulated and formed the pure gas cap on structural high under the control of local structure;the large amount of gas generated during the Early Cretaceous to Paleogene could not completely displace pore water due to the tightness of sandstone reservoir,resulting in mixed gas/water distribution;the physical properties of the reservoirs werer greatly improved by numerous fracutures formed during the Himalayan movement since the Paleogene.All these conditions worked together to form the present tight gas reservoirs in the formations of the basin.

Key words: gas-water distribution, tight sandstone gas, Xujiahe Formation, Central Sichuan area

中图分类号:

TE122.1

陈涛涛,贾爱林,何东博,等. 川中地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏气水分布形成机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2014, 35(2): 218-223. doi: Chen Taotao,Jia Ailin,He Dongbo,et al. Mechanisms of gas-water distribution in tight sandstone gas reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation,central Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(2): 218-223. doi:

参考文献

[1] 童晓光, 郭斌程, 李建忠, 等.中美致密砂岩气成藏分布异同点比较研究与意义[J].中国工程科学, 2012, 14(6):9-30. Tong Xiaoguang, Guo Bincheng, Li Jianzhong, et al.Comparison study on accumulation & distribution of tight sandstone gas betweenChina and the United States and its significance[J].Engineering Science, 2012, 14(6):9-30.
[2] 卞从胜, 王红军, 汪泽成, 等.四川盆地致密砂岩气藏勘探现状与资源潜力评价[J].中国工程科学, 2012, 14(7):74-80. Bian Congsheng, Wang Hongjun, Wang Zecheng, et al.Exploration status and potential evaluation of tight gas in Sichuan Basin[J].Engineering Science, 2012, 14(7):74-80.
[3] Law B E.Basin-centered gas system[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2002, 86(11):1891-1919.
[4] Shanley K W, Cluff R M, Robinson J W.Factors controlling prolific gas production from low-permeability sandstone reservoirs:Implications for resource assessment, prospect development, and risk analysis[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2004, 88(8):1083-1121.
[5] 赵靖舟, 李军, 曹青, 等.论致密大油气田成藏模式[J].石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(5):573-583. Zhao Jingzhou, Li Jun, Cao Qing, et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of large tight oil and gas fields[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(5):573-583.
[6] 史集建, 李丽丽, 吕延防, 等.致密砂岩气田盖层封闭能力综合评价——以四川盆地广安气田为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(3):307-314. Shi Jijian, Li Lili, Lü Yanfang, et al.Comprehensive evaluation on the sealing capability of cap rocks in tight sandstone gasfield—a case study from Guang'an gasfield in the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(3):307-314.
[7] 李登华, 李伟, 汪泽成, 等.川中广安气田天然气成因类型及气源分析[J].中国地质, 2007, 34(5):829-836. Li Denghua, Li Wei, Wang Zecheng, et al.Genetic type and source of gas in the Guang'an gasfield, central Sichuan[J].Geology in China, 2007, 34(5):829-836.
[8] 唐跃, 王靓靓, 崔泽宏.川中地区上三叠统须家河组气源分析[J].地质通报, 2011, 30(10):1068-1613. Tang Yue, Wang Liangliang, Cui Zehong.An analysis of the gas source in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation, centralSichuan Basin[J].Geological Bulletin of China, 2011, 30(10):1068-1613.
[9] 戴金星, 倪云燕, 邹才能, 等.四川盆地须家河组煤系烷烃气碳同位素特征及气源对比意义[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(5):519-529. Dai Jinxing, Ni Yunyan, Zou Caineng, et al.Carbon isotope features of alkane gases in the coal measures of the Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin and their significance to gas-source correlation[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(5):519-529.
[10] 戴金星, 邹才能, 陶士振, 等.中国大气田形成条件和主控因素[J].天然气地球科学, 2007, 18(4):473-484. Dai Jinxing, Zou Caineng, Tao Shizhen, et al.Formation conditions and main controlling factors of large gas fields in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience, 2007, 18(4):473-484.
[11] 罗文军, 彭军, 杜敬安, 等.川西坳陷须家河组二段致密砂岩储层成岩作用与孔隙演化——以大邑地区为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2012, 33(2):287-295. Luo Wenjun, Peng Jun, Du Jing'an, et al.Diagenesis and porosity evolution of tight sand reservoirs in the 2nd member of Xujiahe Formation, western Sichuan Depression:an example from Dayi region[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(2):287-295.
[12] 车国琼, 龚昌明, 汪楠, 等.广安地区须家河组气藏成藏条件[J].天然气工业, 2007, 27(6):1-5. Che Guoqiong, Gong Changming, Wang Nan, et al.Gas accumulation condition in the Xujiahe group of Guang'an area[J].Natural Gas Industry, 2007, 27(6):1-5.
[13] Berkenpas P G.The Milk River Shallow Gas Pool:Role of the Updip Water Trap and Connate Water in Gas Production From the Pool[R].SPE 22922, 1991.
[14] Cook J E, Goodwin L B, Boutt D F.Systematic diagenetic changes in the grain-scale morphology and permeability of a quartz-cemented quartz arenite[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2011, 95(6):1067-1088.
[15] Nelson P H.Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, tight sandstones and shales[J].AAPG Bulletin, 2009, 93(3):329-340.
[16] 张响响, 邹才能, 朱如凯, 等.川中地区上三叠统须家河组储层成岩相[J].石油学报, 2011, 32(2):257-264. Zhang Xiangxiang, Zou Caineng, Zhu Rukai, et al.Reservoir diagenetic facies of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the centralSichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32(2):257-264.
[17] 王婧, 徐国盛, 曹俊峰, 等.川中须家河组储层成岩作用及对孔隙演化的影响[J].天然气技术与经济, 2011, 5(3):7-10. Wang Jing, Xu Guosheng, Cao Junfeng, et al.Effect of Diagensis on Pore Evolution of Xujiahe Formation, Central Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy, 2011, 5(3):7-10.
[18] 谢武仁, 杨威, 杨光, 等.川中地区上三叠统须家河组砂岩储层孔隙结构特征[J].天然气地球科学, 2010, 21(3):435-440. Xie Wuren, Yang Wei, Yang Guang, et al.Pore structure features of sandstone reservoirs in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation in the Central Part ofSichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010, 21(3):435-440.
[19] 季丽丹, 贾爱林, 何东博, 等.川中广安地区上三叠统须六段储层特征及控制因素分析[J].现代地质, 2009, 23(6):1100-1106. Ji Lidan, Jia Ailin, He Dongbo, et al.Analysis on controlling factors and characteristic of Xu-6 sandstone reservoir(Upper Triassic)in Guang'an region, Central Sichuan Basin[J].Geoscience, 2009, 23(6):1100-1106.
[20] 郭泽清, 李本亮, 张林, 等.低幅度构造天然气成藏的闭合度下限探讨——以柴达木盆地三湖地区为例[J].地质科学, 2008, 43(1):34-49. Guo Zeqing, Li Benliang, Zhang Lin, et al.Discussion on minimum closure for low-amplitude structural natural gas pool:a case study from Sanhu area in the Qaidam Basin[J].Chinese Joural of Geology, 2008, 43(1):34-49.
[21] 欧莉华, 时志强, 钱利军.川中地区广安构造上三叠统须家河组裂缝充填矿物的ESR研究[J].物探化探计算技术, 2010, 32(3):265-269. Ou Lihua, Shi Zhiqiang, Qian Lijun.A research on ESR dating of minerals in fractures of upper triassic Xujiahe formation in Guang'an structure, central Sichuan basin[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2010, 32(3):265-269.
[22] 卞从胜, 王红军.四川盆地广安气田须家河组裂缝发育特征及其与天然气成藏的关系[J].石油实验地质, 2008, 30(6):585-590. Bian Congsheng, Wang Hongjun.Developmental features and the relationship between fractures and gas accumulation in the Xujiahe formation of Guangan gasfield, the Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2008, 30(6):585-590.
[23] 白斌, 邹才能, 朱如凯, 等.四川盆地九龙山构造须二段致密砂岩储层裂缝特征、形成时期与主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质, 2012, 33(4):526-535. Bai Bin, Zou Caineng, Zhu Rukai, et al.Characteristics, timing and controlling factors of structural fractures in tight sandstones of the 2nd member of Xujiahe Formation in Jiulong Mountain structure, Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(4):526-535.
[24] 蔡希源.深层致密砂岩气藏天然气富集规律与勘探关键技术——以四川盆地川西坳陷须家河组天然气勘探为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2010, 31(6):707-714. Cai Xiyuan.Gas accumulation patterns and key exploration techniques of deep gas reservoirs in tight sandstone:an example from gas exploration in the Xujiahe Formation of the western Sichuan Depression, the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2010, 31(6):707-714.
[25] 郝国丽, 柳广地, 谢增业, 等.川中地区须家河组致密砂岩气藏气水分布模式及影响因素分析[J].天然气地球科学, 2010, 21(3):427-434. Hao Guoli, Liu Guangdi, Xie Zengye, et al.Gas-water distributed pattern in Xujiahe formation tight gas sandstone reservoir and influential factor in central Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010, 21(3):427-434.
[26] 卞从胜, 王红军, 汪泽成, 等.四川盆地川中地区须家河组天然气大面积成藏的主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质, 2009, 30(5):548-565. Bian Congsheng, Wang Hongjun, Wang Zecheng, et al.Controlling factors for massive accumulation of natural gas in the Xujiahe Formation in central Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(5):548-565.